1、考研英语-试卷 77及答案解析(总分：142.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：2，分数：80.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_Barbie is going through a midlife crisis. After (1)_ with longtime boyfriend Ken earlie
2、r this year, she has (2)_ refuge in shopping, surfing, bubble baths and partying with a crew of trendy pals on the beach in Jamaica. At 45, she even made a (3)_ for the White House. Then there was the makeover: a new. (4)_ of Paul Frank fashions, her own fragrance, a new musical and a new man-spiky-
3、haired Australian surfer Blaine. But, she (5)_ is going through a crisis, one that started at the cash register. (6)_ the Barbie brand as a whole (7)_ $3.6 billion in global retail sales this year, according to manufacturer Mattel Inc., Barbie has (8)_ sales slide over the past seven quarters. In th
4、e past few years, rivals (9)_ the edgier Bratz have upstaged the iconic doll. To re-energize its flagship brand, the world“s largest toy maker set out to (10)_ Barbie and her pals in a (11)_ of books, magazines and animated films, hoping the story lines would (12)_ sales of the doll and her trove of
5、 accessories. For girls ages 6 to 9, Mattel crafted stories with preteen scenariosdance parties, dating and shopping. Barbie“s look now (13)_ reflects current fashion trends. Mattel signed diva Hilary Duff to (14)_ the brand. “She“s the “It“ girl for the Barbie set,“ said Chris Byrne, an independent
6、 toy consultant and editor of the Toy Report. Mattel is (15)_ the story-line concept to new and existing doll lines across Barbie“s (16)_, though only about two-thirds of the new toys will be in stores this year, with the (17)_ arriving in 2005. “We need to make progress in regaining the confidence
7、of retailers, and that (18)_ time,“ Robert A. Eckert, Mattel“s chairman and chief executive, told Wall Street analysts last month. Perhaps a bigger (19)_ for Mattel is persuading parents and children that Barbie is cool. That cachet has eluded the brand in recent years, particularly among older girl
8、s, many of whom either have lost interest in dolls or (20)_ Bratz.（分数：40.00）A.dividingB.burstingC.splittingD.crackingA.soughtB.pursuedC.questedD.foundA.requestB.bidC.troubleD.displayA.groupB.sortC.bunchD.setA.thereafterB.consequentlyC.therebyD.nonethelessA.AlthoughB.WhenC.SinceD.BecauseA.formedB.mad
9、eC.generatedD.developedA.feltB.seenC.heardD.predictedA.exceptB.includingC.besidesD.withA.flingB.shapeC.castD.throwA.lotB.seriesC.clusterD.numberA.influenceB.handleC.forceD.driveA.betterB.lessC.moreD.worseA.promoteB.changeC.motivateD.disseminateA.requestingB.placingC.applyingD.usingA.marketB.lifeC.im
10、ageD.universeA.otherB.restC.oldD.presentA.needsB.takesC.costsD.spends.A.challengeB.disputeC.questionD.demandA.rejectB.buyC.preferD.consider二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：10，分数：58.00)2.Section II Reading Comprehension_3.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text
11、 by choosing A, B, C or D._When, in the age of automation, man searches for a worker to do the tedious, unpleasant jobs that are more or less impossible to mechanize, he may very profitably consider the ape. If we tackled the problem of breeding for brains with as much enthusiasm as we devote to bre
12、eding dogs of surrealistic shapes, we could eventually produce assorted models of useful primates, ranging in size from the gorilla down to the baboon, each adapted to a special kind of work. It is not putting too much strain on the imagination to assume that geneticists could produce a super-ape, w
13、hich is able to understand some scores of words and capable of being trained for such jobs as picking fruit, cleaning up the litter in parks, shining shoes, collecting garbage, doing household chores and even baby-sitting, although I have known some babies I would not care to trust with a valuable a
14、pe. Apes could do many jobs, such as cleaning streets and the more repetitive types of agricultural work, without supervision, though they might need protection from those egregious specimens of Home sapiens who think it amusing to tease or bully anything they consider lower on the evolutionary ladd
15、er. For other tasks, such as delivering papers and laboring on the docks, our man-ape would have to work under human overseers; and, incidentally, I would love to see the finale of the twenty-first century version of On the Waterfront in which the honest but hairy hero will drum on his chest afterli
16、terallytaking the wicked labor leader apart. Once a supply of nonhuman workers becomes available, a whole range of low IQ jobs could be thankfully given up by mankind, to its great mental and physical advantage. What is more, one of the problems which has annoyed so many fictional Utopias would be a
17、voided: There would be none of the degradingly subhuman Epsilons of Huxley“s Brave New World to act as a permanent reproach to society, for there is a profound moral difference between breeding sub-men and super-apes, though the end products are much the same. The first would introduce a form of sla
18、very, but the second would be a biological triumph which could benefit both men and animals.Notes:surrealistic超现实的 primate灵长类动物 gorilla大猩猩 baboon狒狒 chore杂活care to do sth. (常用于否定句)(=willing to do or agree to do sth.)愿意做某事 trust A with B把 B托付给 Aegregious (通常指坏人或坏事)异乎寻常的，突出的 Home sapiens人类 finale n.结局E
19、psilons 奴隶人名 assorted各色各样的 Utopia乌托邦，理想主义（分数：10.00）(1).According to the text, the ape should be considered for certain jobs（分数：2.00）A.only if it is able to understand scores of words.B.which do not require any intelligence at all.C.that are not suitable for human hands to tackle.D.which are boring a
20、nd cannot be tackled with machines.(2).By “the honest but hairy hero“ (in Para. 3) the author most probably refers to（分数：2.00）A.the human supervisor.B.the geneticists as a whole.C.the non-human worker.D.the man breeding super-apes.(3).The author states that a supply of non-human workers for low IQ j
21、obs would（分数：2.00）A.substitute them for humans completely.B.henefit man mentally and physically.C.give rise to the opposition from geneticists.D.be a disadvantage to many human workers.(4).According to the author, breeding super-apes would be（分数：2.00）A.a problem related to moral standards.B.as bad a
22、s breeding sub-humans.C.introducing a new form of slavery.D.an advance in biological studies.(5).The author of this article is（分数：2.00）A.merely attempting to be humorous about the future workers.B.revealing his high opinion of mankind“s prospect.C.expressing his doubts about the possibility of breed
23、ing a super-ape.D.presenting an applausible theory in a humorous tone.Time spent in a bookshop can be most enjoyable, whether you are a book-lover or merely there to buy a book as a present. You may even have entered the shop just to find shelter from a sudden shower. Whatever the reason, you can so
24、on become totally unaware of your surroundings. The desire to pick up a book with an attractive dust-jacket is irresistible, although this method of selection ought not to be followed, as you might end up with a rather dull book. You soon become absorbed in some book or other, and usually it is only
25、 much later that you realize that you have spent far too much time there and must dash off to keep some forgotten appointmentwithout buying a book, of course. This opportunity to escape the realities of everyday life is, I think, the main attraction of a bookshop. There are not many places where it
26、is possible to do this. A music shop is very much like a bookshop. You can wander round such places to your heart“s content. If it is a good shop, no assistant will approach you with the inevitable greeting: “Can I help you, sire.“ You needn“t buy anything you don“t want. In a Bookshop an assistant
27、should remain in the background until you have finished browsing. Then, and only then, are his services necessary. Of course, you may want to find out where a particular section is, but when he has led you there, the assistant should retire discreetly and look as if he is not interested in selling a
28、 single book. You have to be careful not to be attracted by the variety of books in a bookshop. It is very easy to enter the shop looking for a book on, say, ancient coins and to come out carrying a copy of the latest best-selling novel and perhaps a book about brass-rubbingsomething which had only
29、vaguely interested you up till then. This volume on the subject, however, happened to be so well illustrated and the part of the text you read proved so interesting that you just had to buy it. This sort of thing can be very dangerous. Apart from running up a huge account, you can waste a great deal
30、 of time wandering from section to section. Booksellers must be both long-suffering and indulgent. There is a story which well illustrates this. A medical student had to read a textbook which was far too expensive for him to buy. He couldn“t obtain it from the library and the only copy he could find
31、 was in his bookshop. Every afternoon, therefore, he would go along to the shop and read a little of the book at a time. One day, however, he was dismayed to find the book missing from its usual place and about to leave when he noticed the owner of the shop beckoning to him. Expecting to be reproach
32、ed, he went toward him. To his surprise, the owner pointed to the book, which was tucked away in a corner. “I put it there in case anyone was tempted to buy it,“ he said, and left the delighted student to continue his reading.Notes：to one“s heart“s content 尽情地 run up积聚，招致 beckon v.打招呼（分数：10.00）(1).Y
33、ou may spend too much time in a bookshop because（分数：2.00）A.the dust-jackets are very attractive.B.you start reading one of the books.C.it is raining outside.D.you have to make sure you don“t buy a dull book as a present.(2).According to the text, in a good bookshop（分数：2.00）A.nobody takes any notice
34、of you.B.the assistant greets you in a friendly way.C.your heart is contented.D.you feel that you are in a music shop.(3).It can be learned from the text that an assistant should offer you help（分数：2.00）A.as soon as you have entered the shop.B.just before you finish browsing.C.only when you have fini
35、shed reading.D.when he leads you to a particular section.(4).The author implies that it is very easy to enter a bookshop and buy（分数：2.00）A.a book on ancient coins.B.a best-selling novel on brass-rubbing.C.a book that only vaguely interests you.D.a book that unexpectedly fascinates you.(5).The textbo
36、ok the medical student was interested in was tucked away in a corner（分数：2.00）A.to prevent anyone from buying it.B.because the medical student might take it away.C.in case the medical student was tempted to buy it.D.because it was a rare and expensive book.Education is one of the key words of our tim
37、e. A man, without an education, many of us believe, is an unfortunate victim of unfortunate circumstances deprived of one of the greatest twentieth-century opportunities. Convinced of the importance of education, modern states “invest“ in institutions of learning to get back “interest“ in the form o
38、f a large group of enlightened young men and women who are potential leaders. Education, with its cycles of instruction so carefully worked out, is punctuated by textbooksthose purchasable wells of wisdomwhat would civilization be like without its benefits? So much is certain: that we would have doc
39、tors and preachers, lawyers and defendants, marriages and births; but our spiritual outlook would be different. We would lay less stress on “facts and figures“ and more on a good memory, on applied psychology, and on the capacity of a man to get along with his fellow-citizens. If our educational sys
40、tem were fashioned after its bookless past we would have the most democratic form of “college“ imaginable. Among the people whom we like to call savages all knowledge inherited by tradition is shared by all; it is taught to every member of the tribe so that in this respect everybody is equally equip
41、ped for life. It is the ideal condition of the “equal start“ which only our most progressive forms of modern education try to reach again. In primitive cultures the obligation to seek and to receive the traditional instruction is binding on all. There are no “illiterates“if the term can be applied t
42、o peoples without a scriptwhile our own compulsory school attendance became law in Germany in 1642, in France in 1806, and in England 1976, and is still non-existent in a number of “civilized“ nations. This shows how long it was before we considered it necessary to make sure that all our children co
43、uld share in the knowledge accumulated by the “happy few“ during the past centuries. Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means. All are entitled to an equal start. There is none of the hurry that, in our society, often hampers the full development of a growing personality. There,
44、 a child grows up under the ever-present attention of his parents; therefore the jungles and the savages know of no “juvenile delinquency“. No necessity of making a living away from home results in neglect of children, and no father is confronted with his inability to “buy“ an education for his chil
45、d.Notes:juvenile delinquency青少年犯罪（分数：10.00）(1).The word “interest“ in the first paragraph most probably means（分数：2.00）A.pleasure.B.returns.C.share.D.knowledge.(2).According to the text, the author seems to be（分数：2.00）A.against the education in the very early historic times.B.in favor of the educatio
46、nal practice in primitive cultures.C.positive about our present educational instruction.D.quite happy to see an equal start for everyone.(3).It can be inferred from the text that（分数：2.00）A.some families now can hardly afford to send their children to school.B.everyone today has an equal opportunity
47、in education.C.every country invests heavily in education.D.we are not very certain whether preachers are necessary or not.(4).According to the text, which of the following statements is true?（分数：2.00）A.One without education today has few opportunities.B.We have not yet decided on our educational mo
48、dels,C.Compulsory schooling is legal obligation in several countries now.D.Our spiritual outlook is better now than before.(5).The best title for this text is（分数：2.00）A.The Significance of Education.B.Educational Investment and Its Profit.C.Education and Modern Civilization.D.Education: A Comparison of Its Past and Its Present.Increasingly, historians are blaming diseases imported from the Old World for the great disparity between the native population of America in 1492new estimates of which jump as high as 100 million, or approximately
