1、考研英语二（完形填空）-试卷 4 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_Crying and waking up in the middle of night are routine during any newborn“s fi
2、rst few months. But if those crying episodes continue on a regular【C1】_past the first year, then they may signal possible behavioral problems【C2】_. That“s what researchers in Europe found when they【C3】_nearly two dozen studies on something developmental experts call regulatory problemswhich include
3、trouble sleeping, continuous crying and difficulty feeding. The researchers【C4】_in the journal Archives of Disease in Childhood that infants who consistently cry and wake up at night past their third month are nearly twice as likely to【C5】_problems such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (A
4、DHD), depression, anxiety, aggressive behavior or【C6】_disorders by the time they begin school. The most【C7】_behavioral difficulties these children had involved【C8】_of self-control, and an inability to calm themselves down or act【C9】_in different social situations. How exactly are【C10】_crying jags an
5、d picky eating during infancy【C11】_later behavioral problems? Dieter Wolke, one of the study co-authors and a professor of developmental psychology at University of Warwick in England, says the data don“t support any【C12】_link, but there are several possibilities. One, the crying and waking up at ni
6、ght are simply the first signs of behavioral problems that the babies can not【C13】_themselves very well. Every baby wakes up several times a night and may start crying, but most will eventually learn to calm themselves down and【C14】_back to sleep. They learn that enough is e-nough and inevitably【C15
7、that Mom and Dad won“t come running every time they cry. If babies are already【C16】_to contracting a behavioral disorder, 【C17】_, they may not be able to learn such self-control, and their crying episodes may continue well past their first year. 【C18】_, says Wolke, some infants may be genetically
8、susceptible to problems regulating their behavior; specifically, scientists have recently identified a version of a【C19】_concerning dopamine function, which governs mood and emotions as well as motor function, that may make some infants more【C20】_to behavioral problems.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.a
9、gendaB.scheduleC.basisD.interval(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.for the roadB.down the roadC.by the roadD.along the road(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.diagnosedB.analyzedC.contrastedD.verified(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.provokeB.issueC.publishD.report(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.resultB.cultivateC.developD.impose(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.conductB.co
10、nfidenceC.patienceD.gene(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.accustomedB.commonC.normalD.popular(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.shortageB.lackC.deficiencyD.need(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.improperlyB.appropriatelyC.purposefullyD.peacefully(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.extendedB.unexpectedC.interruptedD.disappointed(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.responded to
11、B.habituated toC.used toD.related to(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.mutualB.consequentC.subtleD.obvious(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.controlB.behaveC.understandD.express(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.retrieveB.settleC.returnD.seek(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.insist onB.persist inC.figure outD.follow up(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.freeB.infectio
12、usC.immuneD.prone(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.meanwhileB.thereforeC.howeverD.moreover(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.In additionB.On the contraryC.By contrastD.For instance(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.bloodB.organC.cellD.gene(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.attentiveB.carelessC.vulnerableD.fragileCollege students are more stressed out th
13、an ever beforeat least according to the latest findings of a large, national survey that has been conducted annually for the last 25 years. The survey includes more than 200,000 students【C1】_nearly 300 colleges and asks them to【C2】_how their own mental health【C3】_their classmates“ for example, is it
14、 “above average“ or in the “highest 10%“? This【C4】_unusual methodology typically results in the statistical Lake Woebegon effect in which most people【C5】_to overestimate themselves in relation to others (it refers to the fictional Lake Woebegon, where “all the women are strong, all the men are good-
15、looking and all the children are above average“).【C6】_the most recent results indicate that fewer and fewer freshmen feel like they are in top form in terms of【C7】_stress. So what“s going on? Obviously, the economy and high unemployment might【C8】_the increase in stress. A much more precise large stu
16、dy recently found that empathy【C9】_college students had declined 40% since 2000and since caring relationships are【C10】_to mental (and physical) health, a decline in empathy could also produce a decline in mental health and coping. My final point brings us back to my earlier post on a Stanford study
17、that looked at the psychological【C11】_of comparing ourselves to others. It found that the way people are incline to【C12】_their negative emotions while broadcasting their happy ones makes the rest of us feel somehow “less than“【C13】_all our friends and neighbors have better lives than we【C14】_ This【C
18、15】_, too, might tie into why the new survey, “The American Freshman: National Norms, Fall 2011,“ found that students are feeling less【C16】_about their level of emotional and mental stability. If all the students around you are desperately trying to【C17】_a happy faceand you【C18】_that face as a true
19、reflection of their【C19】_selves, even as you work to hide your own【C20】_well, it“s not surprising that so many students might be getting a bit strained.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.possessingB.attendingC.participatingD.joining(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.estimateB.appraiseC.rateD.presume(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.com
20、pete withB.compare withC.match withD.fit with(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.anyhowB.somewhereC.somehowD.somewhat(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.wantB.refuseC.tendD.deny(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.ButB.AndC.IfD.Hence(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.copingB.dealingC.tacklingD.disposing(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.account forB.result fromC.bring downD.take ov
21、er(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.withB.byC.amongD.on(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.goodB.obligedC.meaningfulD.essential(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.issuesB.effectsC.effortsD.efficiencies(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.concealB.revealC.screenD.neglect(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.even ifB.as thoughC.even thoughD.if only(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.haveB.mak
22、eC.doD.live(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.researchB.studyC.conceptD.phenomenon(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.anxiousB.passiveC.confidentD.rational(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.hold backB.hold togetherC.put offD.put on(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.believeB.perceiveC.receiveD.deceive(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.innerB.insideC.inclusiveD.interior(
23、20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.thoughtB.feelingC.happinessD.sadness考研英语二（完形填空）-试卷 4 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：Crying and waking up
24、in the middle of night are routine during any newborn“s first few months. But if those crying episodes continue on a regular【C1】_past the first year, then they may signal possible behavioral problems【C2】_. That“s what researchers in Europe found when they【C3】_nearly two dozen studies on something de
25、velopmental experts call regulatory problemswhich include trouble sleeping, continuous crying and difficulty feeding. The researchers【C4】_in the journal Archives of Disease in Childhood that infants who consistently cry and wake up at night past their third month are nearly twice as likely to【C5】_pr
26、oblems such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, anxiety, aggressive behavior or【C6】_disorders by the time they begin school. The most【C7】_behavioral difficulties these children had involved【C8】_of self-control, and an inability to calm themselves down or act【C9】_in differ
27、ent social situations. How exactly are【C10】_crying jags and picky eating during infancy【C11】_later behavioral problems? Dieter Wolke, one of the study co-authors and a professor of developmental psychology at University of Warwick in England, says the data don“t support any【C12】_link, but there are
28、several possibilities. One, the crying and waking up at night are simply the first signs of behavioral problems that the babies can not【C13】_themselves very well. Every baby wakes up several times a night and may start crying, but most will eventually learn to calm themselves down and【C14】_back to s
29、leep. They learn that enough is e-nough and inevitably【C15】_that Mom and Dad won“t come running every time they cry. If babies are already【C16】_to contracting a behavioral disorder, 【C17】_, they may not be able to learn such self-control, and their crying episodes may continue well past their first
30、year. 【C18】_, says Wolke, some infants may be genetically susceptible to problems regulating their behavior; specifically, scientists have recently identified a version of a【C19】_concerning dopamine function, which governs mood and emotions as well as motor function, that may make some infants more【
31、C20】_to behavioral problems.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.agendaB.scheduleC.basis D.interval解析：解析：文章第一句提封新生儿在头几个月里出现夜里啼哭和惊醒都是很平常的事。本句转折，然后提出假设，假如婴儿过了第一年还在哭闹，暗示可能会出现行为障碍。既然是可能出现行为问题，此处应指持续性的哭闹，故选 C 项 basis。on a regular basis 为固定搭配，意为“经常性的，有规律性的方式”。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.for the roadB.down the road C.by th
32、e roadD.along the road解析：解析：本句说，如果夜里啼哭的经历经过第一年后还在继续，就意味着可能有行为障碍。这些可能的事情应该指的是将来可能发生的事，故选 B 项 down。down the road 表示“在将来，今后”。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.diagnosedB.analyzed C.contrastedD.verified解析：解析：空格前的 they 指的是句首的 researchers(研究员)，从句的宾语为 studies(研究)。研究员要做的事情应该是分析各类研究，故选 B 项 analyzed“分析”。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.p
33、rovokeB.issueC.publishD.report 解析：解析：根据空格后的 in the journal(在杂志上)，以及 that 引导的宾语从句，可知要填入一个及物动词，并且此动词可以接宾语从句。故选 D 项 report“报告，汇报”。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.resultB.cultivateC.develop D.impose解析：解析：本句说，头三个月过后还是经常半夜醒来啼哭的婴儿，出现各种问题的可能性是其他婴儿的两倍。故选择 C 项 develop“(开始)患(病)；出现”。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.conduct B.confidenceC.
34、patienceD.gene解析：解析：此处并列结构列举了各种问题：注意缺陷多动症、抑郁、焦虑、叛逆行为。可以推测，顺承下来的问题应该也是行为上的缺陷。故选 A 项 conduct“行为”。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.accustomedB.common C.normalD.popular解析：解析：从本句中的定语 these children had(孩子们有的)可知，下列行为障碍是这些孩子拥有的共性。故选 B 项 common“共有的，普遍的”。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.shortageB.lack C.deficiencyD.need解析：解析：此处是列举这些孩子最
35、共有的一些行为障碍，空格后是 self-control(自控)是正常的行为，故有障碍的行为就应该是没有自控。故选 B 项 lack“缺乏”。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.improperlyB.appropriately C.purposefullyD.peacefully解析：解析：空格前的 or 提示，空格处的词组和 or 前面的“冷静下来”在意义上并列，故选 B 项appropriately“恰当地”。表现恰当与冷静下来，都是好的做法，而这些是有行为障碍的孩子没能力做到的(inability to)。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.extended B.unexpect
36、edC.interruptedD.disappointed解析：解析：上文提到婴儿在一段时间后如果还是在夜间不断啼哭或惊醒的话，他们今后可能存在行为障碍。那么，这些可能有行为障碍问题的婴儿的哭闹时期比正常儿童更长，故选 A 项 ex-tended“延续的；长期的”。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.responded toB.habituated toC.used toD.related to 解析：解析：本句承前讨论哭闹的表现与行为障碍的关系。空格前的“婴儿时期的啼哭和挑食行为”和空格后的“以后的行为障碍”提示填入的动词要能使它们联系起来。故选 D 项 related to“使相互关
37、联”。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.mutualB.consequentC.subtleD.obvious 解析：解析：从后半句“但存在几种可能性”可推测，两者之间的联系不是很明显，而空格前已有否定词not，故选 D 项 obvious“明显的”。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.control B.behaveC.understandD.express解析：解析：上文一直在讲行为障碍，可知有行为障碍的婴儿无法很好地控制自己。故选 A 项control“控制”。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.retrieveB.settle C.returnD.seek解析：解析
38、空格前的 and 衰明了前后两个动作的顺承性。可以推测婴儿冷静下来后，又继续睡觉。故选 B 项 settle“平静下来”。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.insist onB.persist inC.figure out D.follow up解析：解析：空格前的 and 表明，填入的动词或词组意思与 learn(学会)并列。故选 C 项 figure out“弄明白”。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.freeB.infectiousC.immuneD.prone 解析：解析：此处想表明的是如果婴儿已经有了行为障碍的倾向，就可能学不会自我控制。故答案为 D项 prone，
39、be prone to“有倾向的”。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.meanwhileB.thereforeC.however D.moreover解析：解析：上一句提到大都分婴儿会学会让自己冷静下来然后入睡，而这句提到有行为障碍的婴儿却学不会自我控制，前后有意思上的转折。故选 C 项 however“然而”。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.In addition B.On the contraryC.By contrastD.For instance解析：解析：上一段提到，Wolke 认为婴儿时期的长期啼哭和挑食行为跟以后的行为障碍存在几种可能联系，并提出了其中一种(On
40、e)半夜啼哭是行为障碍的早期迹象。本段提到基因的影响，也是可能性的一种，这是补充。故选 In addition“此外”。(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.bloodB.organC.cellD.gene 解析：解析：本句说的是科学家最近识别出一种与多巴胺功能(dopamine function)有关的什么。根据上文的 genetically(遗传上)，可知科学家发现的东西与遗传有关。与遗传有关的东西是基因，故选 D 项gene“基因”。(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.attentiveB.carelessC.vulnerable D.fragile解析：解析：本段第一个分句“
41、有些婴儿由于遗传因素，在规范自己的行为方面更容易产生问题”，本空格所在分句应该是具体说明受到多巴胺影响的婴儿更容易出现行为问题，和句首呼应。故选 C 项vulnerable“易受损害的”。College students are more stressed out than ever beforeat least according to the latest findings of a large, national survey that has been conducted annually for the last 25 years. The survey includes more
42、than 200,000 students【C1】_nearly 300 colleges and asks them to【C2】_how their own mental health【C3】_their classmates“ for example, is it “above average“ or in the “highest 10%“? This【C4】_unusual methodology typically results in the statistical Lake Woebegon effect in which most people【C5】_to overesti
43、mate themselves in relation to others (it refers to the fictional Lake Woebegon, where “all the women are strong, all the men are good-looking and all the children are above average“).【C6】_the most recent results indicate that fewer and fewer freshmen feel like they are in top form in terms of【C7】_s
44、tress. So what“s going on? Obviously, the economy and high unemployment might【C8】_the increase in stress. A much more precise large study recently found that empathy【C9】_college students had declined 40% since 2000and since caring relationships are【C10】_to mental (and physical) health, a decline in
45、empathy could also produce a decline in mental health and coping. My final point brings us back to my earlier post on a Stanford study that looked at the psychological【C11】_of comparing ourselves to others. It found that the way people are incline to【C12】_their negative emotions while broadcasting t
46、heir happy ones makes the rest of us feel somehow “less than“【C13】_all our friends and neighbors have better lives than we【C14】_ This【C15】_, too, might tie into why the new survey, “The American Freshman: National Norms, Fall 2011,“ found that students are feeling less【C16】_about their level of emot
47、ional and mental stability. If all the students around you are desperately trying to【C17】_a happy faceand you【C18】_that face as a true reflection of their【C19】_selves, even as you work to hide your own【C20】_well, it“s not surprising that so many students might be getting a bit strained.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.possessingB.attending C.participatingD.joining解析：解析：B 项 attending“参加”是正式用词，可指参加会议、仪式，也可指上学，故为答案。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.estimateB.appraiseC.rate D.presume解析：解析：根据本段末句“是高于平均水平还是属于前 10”，可知是对人进行评价，故选 C 项。rate“评价”常用于评价某人在某一方面的价值。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.compete withB.compare
