1、考研英语二（完形填空）-试卷 94 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_About 3 billion people live within 100 miles (160km) of the sea, a number that
2、 could double in the next decade as humans flock to coastal cities. The oceans produce $3 trillion of goods and services each year and untold【C1】_for the Earth“s ecology. Life could not exist【C2】_these vast water reservesand, if anything, they are becoming even more important to humans than before.
3、Mining is about to begin under the seabed in the high seas. New summer shipping lanes are opening【C3】_the Arctic Ocean. The genetic resources of marine life promise a big【C4】_: the number of patents has been rising at 12% a year. But these developments are【C5】_compared with vaster forces reshaping t
4、he Earth, both on land and at sea It has long been clear that people are damaging the oceans【C6】_the melting of the Arctic ice in summer and the death of marine lives. Now, the【C7】_of that damage are starting to be felt onshore. Thailand provides a【C8】_example. In the 1990s it cleared coastal plants
5、 to set up fish farms. Ocean storm surges in 2011, no longer【C9】_by the plants, rushed in to【C10】_the country“s industrial heartland, causing billions of dollars of damage. More【C11】_is the global mismanagement of fish stocks. About 3 billion people get a fifth of their protein from fish, making it
6、a more important protein source than beef.【C12】_a vicious cycle has developed as fish stocks decline and fishermen【C13】_to grab what they can of the remainder.【C14】_the Food and Agriculture Organization, a third of fish stocks in the oceans are over-exploited. People could be eating much better, wer
7、e fishing stocks【C15】_managed. The forests are often called the lungs of the Earth, but the description better fits the oceans. They produce half the world“s【C16】_of oxygen. At the moment, the oceans are moderating the【C17】_of global warming though that may not【C18】_This cannot be good news,【C19】_sc
8、ientists are still debating the likely consequences.【C20】_, the decades of damage imposed on the oceans are now damaging the environment on land.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.valueB.secretC.harmD.possibility(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.inB.withoutC.forD.outside(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.underB.acrossC.aroundD.above(4)
9、.【C4】（分数：2.00）A.surpriseB.knowledgeC.disasterD.fortune(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.minorB.incredibleC.majorD.slow(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.seeB.findC.witnessD.consider(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.evaluationsB.causesC.areasD.consequences(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.successfulB.vividC.specialD.classic(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.cushionedB.isolate
10、dC.protectedD.accelerated(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.fillB.coverC.floodD.occupy(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.importantB.specificC.fortunateD.serious(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.SoB.ButC.ThenD.Though(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.failB.tendC.raceD.stop(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.According toB.With regard toC.On account ofD.In connection wit
11、h(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.badlyB.directlyC.properlyD.fairly(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.consumptionB.demandC.capacityD.supply(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.impactB.preventionC.temperatureD.procedure(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.endB.changeC.lastD.help(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.becauseB.orC.thoughD.thus(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.In additionB.
12、For instanceC.Above allD.In shortDoctors already know that people who smoke can damage their hearing. The latest study in the journal Tobacco Control,【C1】_more than 3,000 US adults, suggests the same is true of passive smoking. Experts believe tobacco smoke may【C2】_blood flow in the small vessels of
13、 the ear. This could starve the organ of oxygen and lead to a build up of【C3】_waste, causing damage. The harm is different【C4】_that caused by noise exposure or simple ageing. In the study, the researchers from the University of Miami and Florida International University looked at the hearing test re
14、sults of 3,307 non-smoking volunteers some who were ex-smokers and some who had never smoked in their lifetime. The tests measured【C5】_of hearing over low, mid and high noise frequencies. To【C6】_passive smoke exposure, the volunteers had their blood checked for a byproduct of nicotine, called cotini
15、ne, which is made when the body comes into【C7】_tobacco smoke. This【C8】_that people exposed to second-hand smoke were far more likely to have poorer hearing than others, and to a degree where they might struggle to【C9】_a conversation in the【C10】_of background noise. Passive smoking increased their ri
16、sk of hearing loss across all sound frequencies by about a third. Dr David Fabry, who led the research, said: “We【C11】_do not know exactly how much smoke you need to be exposed to in order to be at increased risk. 【C12】_we do know that the【C13】_for damage is very low. Really, the safe level of expos
17、ure is no exposure.“ Dr Ralph Holme, head of another research team, said: “We already knew from our own research that regular【C14】_smoking is a significant risk【C15】_leading to hearing loss and this new study is important as it【C16】_the increased risks posed by passive smoking too. Hearing loss can
18、often be very【C17】_and lead to social isolation, if not quickly【C18】_Before you next【C19】_a cigarette, consider how it could impact not only【C20】_your own long-term hearing but your friends“ and relatives“ too.“（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.categorizingB.discoveringC.involvingD.helping(2).【C2】（分数：2.0
19、0）A.changeB.disruptC.stopD.accelerate(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.organicB.radioactiveC.industrialD.toxic(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.inB.toC.asD.with(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.rangeB.typeC.senseD.time(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.reduceB.avoidC.assessD.recognize(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.contract withB.contact withC.conflict withD.rank with(8).
20、【C8】（分数：2.00）A.revealedB.deniedC.maintainedD.doubted(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.startB.endC.carryD.follow(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.mannerB.chargeC.presenceD.absence(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.probablyB.reallyC.mostlyD.even(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.ButB.AndC.SoD.As(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.costB.possibilityC.frequencyD.threshold(1
21、4).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.indoorB.activeC.outdoorD.passive(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.investmentB.assessmentC.factorD.analysis(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.highlightsB.managesC.takesD.increases(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.impressiveB.frustratingC.astonishingD.encouraging(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.identifiedB.foundC.addressedD.considere
22、d(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.search forB.put outC.cut downD.light up(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.onB.forC.inD.to考研英语二（完形填空）-试卷 94 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B,
23、C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：About 3 billion people live within 100 miles (160km) of the sea, a number that could double in the next decade as humans flock to coastal cities. The oceans produce $3 trillion of goods and services each year and untold【C1】_for the Earth“s ecology. Life could not exist【C2】_these
24、 vast water reservesand, if anything, they are becoming even more important to humans than before. Mining is about to begin under the seabed in the high seas. New summer shipping lanes are opening【C3】_the Arctic Ocean. The genetic resources of marine life promise a big【C4】_: the number of patents ha
25、s been rising at 12% a year. But these developments are【C5】_compared with vaster forces reshaping the Earth, both on land and at sea It has long been clear that people are damaging the oceans【C6】_the melting of the Arctic ice in summer and the death of marine lives. Now, the【C7】_of that damage are s
26、tarting to be felt onshore. Thailand provides a【C8】_example. In the 1990s it cleared coastal plants to set up fish farms. Ocean storm surges in 2011, no longer【C9】_by the plants, rushed in to【C10】_the country“s industrial heartland, causing billions of dollars of damage. More【C11】_is the global mism
27、anagement of fish stocks. About 3 billion people get a fifth of their protein from fish, making it a more important protein source than beef.【C12】_a vicious cycle has developed as fish stocks decline and fishermen【C13】_to grab what they can of the remainder.【C14】_the Food and Agriculture Organizatio
28、n, a third of fish stocks in the oceans are over-exploited. People could be eating much better, were fishing stocks【C15】_managed. The forests are often called the lungs of the Earth, but the description better fits the oceans. They produce half the world“s【C16】_of oxygen. At the moment, the oceans a
29、re moderating the【C17】_of global warming though that may not【C18】_This cannot be good news,【C19】_scientists are still debating the likely consequences.【C20】_, the decades of damage imposed on the oceans are now damaging the environment on land.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.value B.secretC.harmD.possi
30、bility解析：解析：海洋每年带来三万亿美元的产品和服务，这是海洋带来的好处，因此空格处所填单词也应能体现出海洋对于地球生态(the Earth“s ecology)的好处。A 项 value 意为“价值”，海洋对于地球生态系统有不可估量的价值(untold value)，符合语义。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.inB.without C.forD.outside解析：解析：后半句提到海洋对人类来说更是前所未有地重要(even more importantthan before)。B 项 without 意为“没有”，没有这片巨大的水域就没有生命，可以显示出海洋的重要性。(3).【C
31、3】（分数：2.00）A.underB.across C.aroundD.above解析：解析：本句提到正在开辟夏季新航道，航道是指在水域内供船舶航行的通道，可推测出后面的北冰洋就是航道的水域范围。B 项 across 有“跨越，穿越”之意，指从一定范围的一边到另一边。符合语义逻辑。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.surpriseB.knowledgeC.disasterD.fortune 解析：解析：冒号后谈到，相关的专利(patents)数量以每年 12%的速度在增长，对于学术或市场方面来说，这属于一笔很大的财富。因此选 D 项 fortune“财富”。(5).【C5】（分数：2.0
32、0）A.minor B.incredibleC.majorD.slow解析：解析：上句提到与海洋基因资源相关的专利持续增长。说的是好的方面。这句 But 表示语义转折，因此用于形容主语的形容词应和 reshaping the Earth 的巨大力量作比较。A 项 minor 意为“次要的，较小的”，语义符合。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.seeB.findC.witness D.consider解析：解析：本句提到人们早就明白人类活动在破坏海洋，从破折号可看出后面的内容是对破坏作进一步阐述和解释。夏季北极冰块在消融和海洋生物在死亡都是人们破坏海洋的具体例子，C 项 witness 有“
33、亲眼见证，就是证据”之意，符合句意。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.evaluationsB.causesC.areasD.consequences 解析：解析：that damage 指上一句提到的人们破坏海洋带来的影响，本句则表明这种破坏对陆地(onshore)的影响。因此 D 项 consequences“影响”语义符合。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.successfulB.vivid C.specialD.classic解析：解析：上段提到人们破坏海洋带来的影响，本段提到泰国是一个例子(example)。从causingbillions of dollars of dam
34、age(损失数十亿美元推断)可知，泰国损失惨重，是一个活生生的例子，B 项 vivid“生动的，形象的”符合此处的语境。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.cushioned B.isolatedC.protectedD.accelerated解析：解析：上一句提到泰国为了建设鱼场清理了沿海的植物(cleared coastal plants)，而沿海植物是一道屏障，对于风暴有一定的阻挡和缓冲作用。失去了这些植物，会无法阻挡风暴。A 项 cushioned 有“缓冲”之意，表明失去了植物的缓冲。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.fillB.coverC.flood D.occupy解
35、析：解析：本句提到海洋风暴潮涌进来(rushed in)，并造成数十亿美元损失，可以推断这场海洋风暴对工业核心地带(industrial heartland)造成了很严重的后果。C 项 flood 有“淹没”之意，表明洪水淹没了工业核心地带。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.importantB.specificC.fortunateD.serious 解析：解析：上段讨论泰国清理海岸植物建渔场造成的灾难后果，本句讨论全球各地渔业资源管理失当(mismanagement)。由空格前的 More 推断，海洋面临的后果应该比泰国的例子危害更大，所填单词应包含贬义。故选 D 项 seriou
36、s“严重的”。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.SoB.But C.ThenD.Though解析：解析：上一句提到大约有 30 亿人从鱼类获得蛋白质，可见鱼类对于人们的生活来说非常重要。人类理应珍惜资源。而本句却说渔业产生了恶性循环(a vicious cycle)，两句存在转折关系，故选 B 项But。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.failB.tendC.race D.stop解析：解析：本句提到渔业资源退化、渔民尽可能地抢夺剩下的资源(grab what they can of theremainder)，可见竞争非常激烈。race to do 有“争相做某事”之意，符
37、合此处的语境，故选 C 项。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.According to B.With regard toC.On account ofD.In connection with解析：解析：本句提到一个数据信息：a third of fish stocks in the oceans are over-exploited(有三分之一的渔场被过度捕捞)，通常这种数据是由相关的权威部门发布。A 项 According to“根据“符合句意，表示该数据来自粮农组织。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.badlyB.directlyC.properly D.fairly解析：
38、解析：前文提到鱼类管理不当(mismanagement)，而本句使用虚拟语气(were fishing stocks)对此进行反向假设，其结果会是 People could be eating much better(人们现在就能吃得更好)。可以推断这种假设成立的条件就是鱼类管理得当，properly 意为“适当地，恰当地”，符合语义逻辑，故选 C 项。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.consumptionB.demandC.capacityD.supply 解析：解析：上一句提到地球之肺(the lungs of the Earth)这个称号更适合海洋，说明海洋和森林一样，提供了供
39、人和动物砰吸的氧气。D 项 supply“供给”正确。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.impact B.preventionC.temperatureD.procedure解析：解析：前文提到海洋可以被称为地球之肺并产生氧气，说明海洋能对环境有好处，能够缓和全球变暖(global warming)带来的影响。A 项 impact“影响”正确。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.endB.changeC.last D.help解析：解析：从下一句的 This cannot be good news 可以推断出，前面说到的海洋的缓和作用由于海洋受到的破坏而难以为继。C 项 last
40、“持续”符合此处的语境。(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.becauseB.orC.though D.thus解析：解析：前一句说到这不是好消息，是一个定论，而后半句却说科学家还在争论可能产生的不良后果，两者存在让步和转折关系。故选 C 项 though“虽然，尽管”。(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.In additionB.For instanceC.Above allD.In short 解析：解析：本句提到这几十年来对海洋的伤害开始影响到陆地的环境，是对前面所讨论的破坏海洋带来的各种后果的总结。故选 D 项 In short“总之”。Doctors already kn
41、ow that people who smoke can damage their hearing. The latest study in the journal Tobacco Control,【C1】_more than 3,000 US adults, suggests the same is true of passive smoking. Experts believe tobacco smoke may【C2】_blood flow in the small vessels of the ear. This could starve the organ of oxygen and
42、 lead to a build up of【C3】_waste, causing damage. The harm is different【C4】_that caused by noise exposure or simple ageing. In the study, the researchers from the University of Miami and Florida International University looked at the hearing test results of 3,307 non-smoking volunteers some who were
43、 ex-smokers and some who had never smoked in their lifetime. The tests measured【C5】_of hearing over low, mid and high noise frequencies. To【C6】_passive smoke exposure, the volunteers had their blood checked for a byproduct of nicotine, called cotinine, which is made when the body comes into【C7】_toba
44、cco smoke. This【C8】_that people exposed to second-hand smoke were far more likely to have poorer hearing than others, and to a degree where they might struggle to【C9】_a conversation in the【C10】_of background noise. Passive smoking increased their risk of hearing loss across all sound frequencies by
45、about a third. Dr David Fabry, who led the research, said: “We【C11】_do not know exactly how much smoke you need to be exposed to in order to be at increased risk. 【C12】_we do know that the【C13】_for damage is very low. Really, the safe level of exposure is no exposure.“ Dr Ralph Holme, head of anothe
46、r research team, said: “We already knew from our own research that regular【C14】_smoking is a significant risk【C15】_leading to hearing loss and this new study is important as it【C16】_the increased risks posed by passive smoking too. Hearing loss can often be very【C17】_and lead to social isolation, if
47、 not quickly【C18】_Before you next【C19】_a cigarette, consider how it could impact not only【C20】_your own long-term hearing but your friends“ and relatives“ too.“（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.categorizingB.discoveringC.involving D.helping解析：解析：空格后的 more than 3，000 US adults 是这项最新研究(The latest study)的研究对象。C 项 involving 意为“涉及”，表明这项研究涉及了 3,000 多名美国成年人。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.changeB.disrupt C.stopD.accelerate解析：解析：下句提到器官会缺氧(starve the organ of oxygen)，可推断吸烟对耳部小血管的血液流动会产生不利的影响.因此空格处所填单词应具有贬义，B 项 disrupt 意为“扰乱”，表明吸烟会扰乱耳部小血管的血液流动。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.organicB.radioactiveC.industrialD.toxic
