1、考研英语（一）-试卷 3及答案解析(总分：144.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：2，分数：80.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_Until the late 1940s when television began finding its way into American homes, compa
2、nies relied mainly on print and radio to promote their products and services. The advent of television【C1】_a revolution in product and service. Between 1949 and 1951, advertising on television grew 960 percent. Today the Internet is once again【C2】_promotion. By going online, companies can communicat
3、e instantly and directly with prospective customers. 【C3】_on the World Wide Web includes advertising, sponsorships, and sales promotions【C4】_sweepstakes, contests, coupons, and rebates. In 1996 World Wide Web advertising revenues【C5】_$ 300 million. Effective online marketers don“t【C6】_transfer hard-
4、copy ads to cyberspace. 【C7】_sites blend promotional and non-promotional information indirectly delivering the advertising messages. To【C8】_visits to their sites and to create and【C9】_customer loyalty, companies change information frequently and provide many opportunities for【C10】_. A prototype for
5、excellent【C11】_promotion is the Ragu Web site. Here visitors can find thirty-six pasta recipes, take Italian lessons, and view an Italian film festival, 【C12】_they will find no traditional ads. 【C13】_subtle is the mix of product and promotion that visitors hardly know an advertising message has been
6、【C14】_. Sega of America, maker of computer games and hardware, uses its Web site for a【C15】_of different promotions, such as【C16】_new game characters to the public and supplying Web surfers the opportunity to【C17】_games. Sega“s home page averages 250,000 visits a day. To heighten interest in the sit
7、e, Sega bought an advertising banner on Netscape【C18】_increasing site visits by 15 percent. Online【C19】_in Quaker oats“ Gatorade promotion received a free T-shirt in exchange for answering a few questions. Quaker Oats reports that the online promotion created product【C20】_and helped the company know
8、 its customers better.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.brought downB.brought aboutC.brought outD.brought up(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.transferringB.transformingC.transmittingD.transplanting(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.AdvertisingB.MarketingC.SalesD.Promotion(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.likeB.aboutC.asD.on(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.arrived
9、B.toppedC.overcameD.descended(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.merelyB.virtuallyC.hardlyD.actually(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.PiratingB.OptimisticC.SuccessfulD.Legitimate(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.encourageB.frustrateC.temptD.commit(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.devastateB.designateC.cultivateD.confirm(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.interactionB.assimil
10、ationC.differentiationD.collaboration(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.InternetB.onlineC.currentD.predominant(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.thoughB.forC.butD.while(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.SinceB.HoweverC.SuchD.So(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.propagatedB.advertisedC.deliveredD.affected(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.varietyB.coupleC.monotoneD.sec
11、tion(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.discoveringB.introducingC.raisingD.creating(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.exchangeB.purchaseC.downloadD.acquire(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.therebyB.thoughC.nonethelessD.hereafter(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.customersB.addictsC.participantsD.marketers(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.loyaltyB.creditC.prestigeD.di
12、versity二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：10，分数：60.00)2.Section II Reading Comprehension_3.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D._In 1957 a doctor in Singapore noticed that hospitals were treating an unusual number of influenza-like ca
13、ses. Influenza is sometimes called “flu“ or a “bad cold“. He took samples from the throats of patients in his hospital and was able to find the virus of this influenza. There are three main types of the influenza virus. The most important of these are types A and B, each of them having several sub-g
14、roups. With the instruments at the hospital the doctor recognized that the outbreak was due to a virus group A, but he did not know the sub-group. He reported the outbreak to the World Health Organization in Geneva. W. H. O. published the important news alongside reports of a similar outbreak in Hon
15、g Kong, where about 15%20% of the population had become ill. As soon as the London doctors received the package of throat samples, they began the standard tests. They found that by reproducing itself at very high speed, the virus had multiplied more than a million times within two days. Continuing t
16、heir careful tests, the doctors checked the effect of drugs used against all the known sub-groups of virus type A. None of them gave any protection. This then, was something new: a new influenza virus against which the people of the world had no ready help whatsoever. Having isolated the virus they
17、were working with, the two doctors now dropped it into the noses of some specially selected animals, which contact influenza in the same way as human beings do. In a short time the usual signs of the disease appeared. These experiments revealed that the new virus spread easily, but that it was not a
18、 killer. Scientists, like the general public, called it simply “Asian“ flu. The first discovery of the virus, however, was made in China before the disease had appeared in other countries. Various reports showed that the influenza outbreak started in China, probably in February of 1957. By the middl
19、e of March it had spread all over China. The virus was found by Chinese doctors early in March. But China was not a member of the World Health Organization and therefore did not report outbreaks of disease to it. Not until two months later, when travelers carried the virus into Hong Kong, from where
20、 it spread to Singapore, did the news of the outbreak reach the rest of the world. By this time it was started on its way around the world. Thereafter, WHO“s Weekly Reports described the steady spread of this virus outbreak, which within four months swept through every continent.（分数：10.00）(1).The Si
21、ngapore doctor found the influenza was caused by（分数：2.00）A.an influenza virus type B.B.a sub-group of virus type A.C.a virus only existing in Asia.D.a new type of influenza virus.(2).W. H. O. reported the influenza because（分数：2.00）A.a doctor found its virus and reported to it.B.many people in Hong K
22、ong suffered from it.C.it spread widely in Singapore for the first time.D.the doctor belonged to that organization.(3).London doctors considered（分数：2.00）A.Asian flu as a bad cold.B.there were three main types of influenza virus.C.it was necessary to test the other virus groups besides group A.D.the
23、influenza called “Asian“ flu a new one.(4).The “Asian“ flu virus（分数：2.00）A.was very weak.B.was a killer.C.reproduced very quickly.D.spread very slowly.(5).What can be inferred from the text?（分数：2.00）A.The influenza could not be cured by any known medicine.B.The people who got the disease were doomed
24、 to death.C.The “Asian“ flu first broke out in Singapore.D.China did not take the influenza seriously.Teach for America (TFA) was founded by Wendy Kopp in 1990. It is a non-profit organisation that recruits top-notch graduates from elite institutions and gets them to teach for two years in strugglin
25、g state schools in poor areas. I had thought the programme was about getting more high-quality teachers but that, it appears, is a secondary benefit. “This is about enlisting the energy of our country“s future leaders in its long-term educational needs, and eliminating inequity, “ Wendy explains. It
26、“s great if “corps members“, as TFA calls its active teachers, stay in the classroom and many do, and rise quickly through the ranks. But the “alums“, as she calls those who have finished their two-year teaching, who don“t stay in schools often go on to lead in other fields, meaning that increasing
27、numbers of influential people in all walks of life learn that it is possible to teach successfully in low-income communities, and just what it takes. “It means you realise that we can solve this problem. “ As she continues to talk I realise that TFA is in the best possible sense a cult. It has its o
28、wn language (“corps members“, “alums“), recruits are instilled (“We tell them that it can be done, that we know of hundreds, thousands, of teachers attaining tremendous success“), go through an ordeal (“Everyone hits the wall in week three in the classroom“), emerge transformed by privileged knowled
29、ge (“Once you know what we know that kids in poor urban areas can excel you can accomplish different things“) and can never leave (alumni form a growing, and influential, network). I have not seen the same zeal when talking to those on the equivalent programme in England, Teach First. , in which the
30、 missionary-style language imported from America had to be toned down, because it just didn“t suit the restrained English style. But could that fervour be necessary for its success? Chester, an alum, takes me to visit three TFA corps members at a middle school in the Bronx. They are impressive young
31、 people, and their zeal is evident. Two intend to stay in teaching; both want to open charter schools. One, a Hispanic woman, is working out with a friend how to educate migrant Hispanic labourers in Texas; the other would like to open a “green“ charter, but in the meantime he has accepted a job wit
32、h the KIPP charter group in Newark, New Jersey. All three are tired. Their classrooms are not much like the rest of the school where they work, and their heroic efforts are only supported by Chester and each other, not by their co-workers. “The first year was unbelievably bad, “ one tells me. “So ma
33、ny years with low expectations meant a lot of resistance from the kids. Eventually they saw the power and the growth they were capable of. “（分数：10.00）(1).The primary goal of TFA is（分数：2.00）A.to get more high-quality teachers.B.to help struggling state schools in poor areas.C.to attract the future le
34、aders to education.D.to improve the low-income communities.(2).Which of the following is true about TFA“s “corps members“ and “alums“?（分数：2.00）A.The corps members stay in schools after finishing their two-year teaching.B.The alums don“t stay in schools after finishing their two-year teaching.C.A cor
35、ps member will be an alum after finishing the two-year teaching.D.A corps member becomes an alum if he or she has quitted halfway.(3).What does the author think of the Teach First programme in England?（分数：2.00）A.It lacks the same fervour that TFA has.B.It doesn“t suit the British English style.C.It
36、is imported from the USA.D.It is not successful in the UK.(4).TFA teachers（分数：2.00）A.are all impressive young people.B.are tired and unhappy in their work.C.get much resistance from the kids.D.expect high of their students.(5).The author is most likely（分数：2.00）A.a graduate from elite institutions.B.
37、an education correspondent.C.a TFA teacher.D.a Teach Firster.For more than a decade, scientists have been trying to determine whether climate change is linked to intense storms, such as 2005“s Hurricane Katrina. Meteorologist Michael Mann of Pennsylvania State University, and colleagues attacked the
38、 question by turning to the past. They looked through drill cores from coastal waters for signs that sediments had been disturbed by major storms. Eight sites along the U. S. East Coast and Puerto Rico provided a reliable record of the number of significant hurricanes going back about 1500 years. Ot
39、her climate data and models added clues to water temperatures and hurricane intensity. As the researchers report tomorrow in Nature, they found strong evidence that Atlantic hurricane activity peaked about 1000 years ago, producing up to 15 hurricanes a year on average a level matched in recent time
40、s only over the past decade and a half. At the time, according to estimates constructed from other geologic data, Atlantic water temperatures were relatively warm, “though not as warm as today,“ Mann says. And Pacific temperatures were relatively cool, thanks to La Nina events. Warmer Atlantic water
41、s whip up more storms, but warmer Pacific temperatures tend to create stronger jet streams that break up those storms. So the twin conditions a millennium ago produced kind of a “Perfect Storm“ for hurricanes, he explains. Of particular interest, the sediments reveal a close link between warmer wate
42、r and the number of hurricanes during the past 150 years or so. Dropping temperatures produced seven or eight hurricanes a year, while a rising thermometer, such as in the earlier part of this decade, pushed the total to 15. “All other things being equal, “ Mann says, “this suggests that we are inde
43、ed likely to see not only stronger hurricanes in the Atlantic but perhaps more of them“ in the near future. Meteorologist James Eisner of Florida State University in Tallahassee agrees with the findings, but adds a caveat. The historical data do show that a link between warmer ocean temperatures and
44、 higher hurricane frequencies has existed for at least 1500 years, he says. However, there“s a high degree of uncertainty in the data. That and the fact that the physics explaining the link haven“t yet been established, Eisner explains, “indicate this is not the “ smoking gun“ we“ve been looking for
45、 that would allow us to confidently project what will happen as the oceans continue to warm. “（分数：10.00）(1).The most useful information Michael Mann could directly see from the drill cores should be（分数：2.00）A.how Hurricane Katrina had disturbed the sediments.B.how often hurricanes occurred over the
46、past 1500 years.C.how many times hurricanes had occurred in the last 1500 years.D.how water temperatures had changed in the last 1500 years.(2).According to Michael Mann, Atlantic hurricane activity peaked about 1000 years ago because（分数：2.00）A.Atlantic waters got warmer and Pacific waters got coole
47、r.B.Atlantic waters got warmer and Pacific waters got warmer.C.temperature difference between Atlantic and Pacific peaked.D.water temperatures of Atlantic and Pacific nearly equaled.(3).Why does Mann foresee stronger and more hurricanes in future Atlantic Ocean?（分数：2.00）A.All other factors resulting
48、 in hurricanes were equal during the past 150 years or so.B.A rising thermometer has pushed the number of hurricanes a year up to 15 in recent years.C.Atlantic temperatures today have dropped to the lowest because La Nina events these years.D.Atlantic temperatures today are even higher than temperatures in the Perfect Storm.(4).What does the expression “smoking gun“ (Line 5, Para. 4) most probably mean?（分数：2.00）A.A problem-solving approach.B.A temperature watchdog.C.A definite evidence.D.A theoretic breakthrough.
