1、考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 86 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_During McDonald“s early years French fries were made from scratch every day. Ru
2、sset Bur-bank potatoes were【C1】_, cut into shoestrings, and fried in its kitchens.【C2】_the chain expanded nationwide, in the mid-1960s, it sought to【C3】_labour costs, reduce the number of suppliers, and【C4】_that its fries tasted the same at every restaurant. McDonald“s began【C5】_to frozen French fri
3、es in 1966and few customers noticed the difference.【C6】_the change had a profound effect【C7】_the nation“s agriculture and diet. A familiar food had been transformed into a highly processed industrial【C8】_. McDonald“s fries now come from huge【C9】_plants that can process two million pounds of potatoes
4、 a day. The expansion of McDonald“s and the【C10】_of its low-cost, mass-produced fries changed the way Americans eat. The【C11】_of McDonald“s French fries played a【C12】_role in the chain“s success fries are much more profitable than hamburgersand was long【C13】_by customers, competitors, and even food
5、critics. Their distinctive taste does not【C14】_the kind of potatoes that McDonald“s【C15】_the technology that processes them, or the restaurant equipment that fries them: other【C16】_use Russet Burbank, buy their French fries from the same large processing companies, and have【C17】_fryers in their rest
6、aurant kitchens. The taste of a French fry is【C18】_determined by the cooking oil. For decades McDonald“s cooked its French fries in a【C19】_of about 7 per cent cottonseed oil and 93 per cent beef fat. The mixture gave the fries their【C20】_flavour.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.scaledB.strippedC.peeledD
7、.sliced(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.AsB.IfC.AlthoughD.Unless(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.diminishB.cutC.decreaseD.lessen(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.ensueB.ensureC.enrichD.enable(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.switchingB.divertingC.referringD.running(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.StillB.AnywayC.BesidesD.Nevertheless(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.ofB.toC.onD.in(8).【
8、C8】（分数：2.00）A.brandB.stuffC.commodityD.produce(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.assemblingB.manufacturingC.packingD.recycling(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.prosperityB.growthC.productivityD.popularity(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.tasteB.productionC.processingD.price(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.criticalB.credibleC.comparableD.crucial(13).【C1
9、3】（分数：2.00）A.praisedB.discussedC.criticizedD.pursued(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.result inB.refer toC.focus onD.stem from(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.possessesB.buysC.acquiresD.grows(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.suppliersB.plantsC.chainsD.critics(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.specialB.automaticC.similarD.expensive(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A
10、.adequatelyB.massivelyC.plentifullyD.largely(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.varietyB.mixtureC.preparationD.coordination(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.uniqueB.mysteriousC.rareD.perfectSea rise as a result of global warming would immediately threaten that large fraction of the globe living at sea level. Nearly one-third o
11、f all human beings live within 36 miles of a coastline. Most of the world“s great seaport cities would be【C1】_. Some countries would be inundated. Heavily populated coastal areas【C2】_large populations occupy low-lying areas, would suffer extreme【C3】_. Warmer oceans would spawn stronger hurricanes an
12、d typhoons,【C4】_coastal flooding, possibly swamp ing valuable agricultural lands around the world.【C5】_water quality may result as【C6】_flooding forces salt water into coastal irrigation and drinking water supplies, and irreplaceable, natural【C7】_could be flooded with ocean water, destroying forever
13、many of the【C8】_plant and animal species living there. Food supplies and forests would be【C9】_affected. Changes in rainfall patterns would disrupt agriculture. Warmer temperatures would【C10】_grain-growing regions polewards. The warming would also increase and change the pest plants, such as weeds, a
14、nd the insects【C11】_the crops. Human health would also be affected. Warming could【C12】_tropical climate bringing with it yellow fever and other diseases. The harmful【C13】_of localized urban air pollution would very likely be more serious in warmer【C14】_. There will be some【C15】_from warming. New sea
15、-lanes will open in the Arctic, longer growing seasons further north will【C16】_new agricultural lands, and warmer temperature will make some of today“s colder regions more【C17】_. But these benefits will be in individual areas. The natural systemsboth plant and animalwill be less able than man to cop
16、e and【C18】_. Any change of temperature, rainfall, and sea level of the magnitude now【C19】_will be destructive to natural systems and living things and【C20】_to man as well.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.ascendedB.assaultedC.erasedD.endangered(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.whichB.whereC.whenD.what(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A
17、.dislocationB.discontentC.distributionD.distinction(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.resulting fromB.leading byC.resulting inD.leading with(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.IncreasedB.ReducedC.ExpandedD.Saddened(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.inlandB.suburbanC.urbanD.coastal(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.farmlandB.mountainC.wetlandsD.forest(8).【C8】（分数：2
18、.00）A.uniqueB.universalC.interestingD.exciting(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.geologicallyB.adverselyC.secretivelyD.serially(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.shiftB.generateC.greaseD.fuse(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.hikingB.huggingC.attackingD.activating(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.accordB.accommodateC.adhereD.enlarge(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.pr
19、ofitsB.valuesC.effectsD.interests(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.conditionsB.revolutionC.surroundingsD.evolution(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.adjustmentsB.benefitsC.adoptionsD.profits(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.alternateB.abuseC.advocateD.create(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.accidentalB.habitableC.anniversaryD.ambient(18).【C18】（分数：2.00
20、）A.adaptB.alleviateC.agitateD.assert(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.ascertainedB.conformedC.consoledD.anticipated(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.thereforeB.butC.henceD.so考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 86 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the be
21、st word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：During McDonald“s early years French fries were made from scratch every day. Russet Bur-bank potatoes were【C1】_, cut into shoestrings, and fried in its kitchens.【C2】_the chain expanded nationwide, in the mid-1960s, it sought to【C
22、3】_labour costs, reduce the number of suppliers, and【C4】_that its fries tasted the same at every restaurant. McDonald“s began【C5】_to frozen French fries in 1966and few customers noticed the difference.【C6】_the change had a profound effect【C7】_the nation“s agriculture and diet. A familiar food had be
23、en transformed into a highly processed industrial【C8】_. McDonald“s fries now come from huge【C9】_plants that can process two million pounds of potatoes a day. The expansion of McDonald“s and the【C10】_of its low-cost, mass-produced fries changed the way Americans eat. The【C11】_of McDonald“s French fri
24、es played a【C12】_role in the chain“s success fries are much more profitable than hamburgersand was long【C13】_by customers, competitors, and even food critics. Their distinctive taste does not【C14】_the kind of potatoes that McDonald“s【C15】_the technology that processes them, or the restaurant equipme
25、nt that fries them: other【C16】_use Russet Burbank, buy their French fries from the same large processing companies, and have【C17】_fryers in their restaurant kitchens. The taste of a French fry is【C18】_determined by the cooking oil. For decades McDonald“s cooked its French fries in a【C19】_of about 7
26、per cent cottonseed oil and 93 per cent beef fat. The mixture gave the fries their【C20】_flavour.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.scaledB.strippedC.peeled D.sliced解析：解析：由下文的 cut into和 fried 可知此处表示土豆加工的过程，“切细条”前的步骤应为 C 项 peel“削(皮)”，故本题选 C。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.As B.IfC.AlthoughD.Unless解析：解析：空格后主、谓语完整，而且四个选项均
27、为状语从句的引导词。可知空格所在部分为状语从句，A 项 As“随着”代入此空，意为。随着麦当劳连锁店在全国范围内的发展，20 世纪 60 年代中期麦当劳设法口味相同”，句意通顺，故 A 为本题答案。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.diminishB.cut C.decreaseD.lessen解析：解析：cut cost 为习惯搭配，表示“削减开支”。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.ensueB.ensure C.enrichD.enable解析：解析：ensure“确保”能接 that 引导的宾语从句，表示“确保某事能发生”，代入此空，意为“并确保其每个分店的炸薯条口味相同”句意
28、通顺语义逻辑合理故 B 为本题答案。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.switching B.divertingC.referringD.running解析：解析：文章首句说麦当劳的薯条一开始是每天现做的，而此处提到了冷冻薯条，后半句还说极少有顾客注意到这其中的差别，由此可知该句是说麦当劳的薯条由“临时现做”转换成“冷冻薯条”的形式，switch 表示在不同事物之间转变、转移或切换，后跟介词 to 接转换所至的对象，符合这里的语境，故本题选 A。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.StillB.AnywayC.BesidesD.Nevertheless 解析：解析：连接性副词 Never
29、theless 表示“然而，不过”，一般用于和前文进行对比，用于正式语体，符合上下文语境。Still“还，仍”；Anyway“无论如何”；Besides“除之外”。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.ofB.toC.on D.in解析：解析：名词 effect 与介词 on 是固定搭配。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.brandB.stuffC.commodity D.produce解析：解析：空格处为该句宾语的中心词，由 a highly processed industrial(一种加工过的工业的)修饰，从意思上看，A 项 brand“品牌、商标”可以排除；由于有冠词 a，可知填入
30、的词应是可数名词的单数形式。因此 B 项 stuff“原料”和 D 项 produce“农产品”这两个不可数名词也可排除。C 项commodity 意为“商品”，是可数名词单数形式，符合此处要求，故选 C。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.assemblingB.manufacturing C.packingD.recycling解析：解析：空格处所填的词修饰 plants“工厂”，根据其后的定语从句内容可以知此处的 plants 指加工制造食材这一类的厂，manufacture 意为“制造，生产，加工”，manufacturing plants 表示“生产厂商，加工厂”，符合文意，故 B
31、 为本题答案。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.prosperityB.growthC.productivityD.popularity 解析：解析：由前一句提到的“如今麦当劳的薯条均来自土豆日产量高达 200 万磅的大型厂商”可知麦当劳对土豆有这么大的需求即表示它的炸薯条很受欢迎、很好卖，D 项 popularity“流行，普及，受欢迎”代入文中，意为“随着麦当劳业务的日益扩展及其低成本、批量生产的炸薯条的日益普及，美国人的饮食习惯因此而改变”，麦当劳的薯条越来越受青睐，即表示越来越多的人更频繁地吃薯条，这意味着美国人饮食习惯发生了改变。D 项代入后，与上下文语义相符，故为本题答案。
32、(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.taste B.productionC.processingD.price解析：解析：本段主要谈到“麦当劳的薯条之所以与众不同就是因为它的口味独特”。此外，结合下文的Their distinctive taste 以及 The taste of a French fry，可知接下来主要讲麦当劳薯条的口味此空选 A 项 taste“口味”。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.criticalB.credibleC.comparableD.crucial 解析：解析：下文提到的“薯条的利润高”，且这一段就是专门讲麦当劳薯条的独特风味，由此可推测它对麦
33、当劳的成功发展起重要的作用，D 项 crucial“至关重要的，关键性的”代入此空，符合上下文语义为本题答案。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.praised B.discussedC.criticizedD.pursued解析：解析：上一段提到麦当劳扩展、它的炸薯条受欢迎，本段重点讲其薯条的口味，段首提到“麦当劳炸薯条的对于麦当劳的成功起着作用；炸薯条的利润远高于汉堡包”，由此不难推断其薯条口味是很好的，因此会长期以来深受顾客、竞争对手甚至是食品评论家的称赞，故选 A 项 praise“赞扬，称赞”。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.result inB.refer toC.
34、focus onD.stem from 解析：解析：空格后面列的几项(土豆品种、加工技术、烹制设备)都属于可能影响薯条成品风味的因素，再结合后面的 The taste of a French fry isdetermined by“炸薯条的口味取决于”。可知此处是在探讨麦当劳薯条的口味的决定因素，即导致它有这种独特口味的原因，D 项 stem from“由造成：出于”符合文意。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.possessesB.buys C.acquiresD.grows解析：解析：从上下文可以看出麦当劳本身不产土豆，它从供应商手中购得土豆，因而应选 B 项 buy。(16).【C
35、16】（分数：2.00）A.suppliersB.plantsC.chains D.critics解析：解析：空格处填的内容属于这句话的主语，根据后面几个并列谓语 use Russet Burbank“采用褐色布尔班克土豆”，buy their French fries“购买薯条”和 havefryers“使用油炸炊具”可判断。会有这些行为的应该是跟麦当劳性质相似的快餐店，因此选 C 项 chains“连锁店”。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.specialB.automaticC.similar D.expensive解析：解析：本句是在探讨麦当劳薯条之所以具有独特口味的成因，冒号
36、后是对前述内容的解释，前面否定了“土豆品种、加工技术、烹制设备”这三项可能的因素，冒号后的三个谓语即分别给出对应的解释，麦当劳薯条的口味之所以独特不在于上述三方面有何特别之处，因为其他店也跟它一样或差不多，故选 C项 similar“类似的，相似的”。第二个谓语部分中的 from the same largeprocessing companies 也提示了此空应选与 same 差不多含义的词。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.adequatelyB.massivelyC.plentifullyD.largely 解析：解析：此处意为“炸土豆条的昧道一一由使用的油而定”，D 项 lar
37、gely“主要地”符合句意。(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.varietyB.mixture C.preparationD.coordination解析：解析：根据 of 后面的 7 per cent cottonseed oil and 93 per cent beef fat 可知这里是说麦当劳用于炸薯条的油是由两种油调配混合成的，因此选 B 项 mixture“混合物，混合料”；此外最后一句也提示了本空应选 mixture。(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.unique B.mysteriousC.rareD.perfect解析：解析：综合上文所述，可知麦当劳薯条的口味
38、是独特的。再结合本段第 2 句的 Their distinctive taste“其与众不同的独特的口味”，不难选出 A 项 unique“独一无二的，独特的”。Sea rise as a result of global warming would immediately threaten that large fraction of the globe living at sea level. Nearly one-third of all human beings live within 36 miles of a coastline. Most of the world“s great
39、 seaport cities would be【C1】_. Some countries would be inundated. Heavily populated coastal areas【C2】_large populations occupy low-lying areas, would suffer extreme【C3】_. Warmer oceans would spawn stronger hurricanes and typhoons,【C4】_coastal flooding, possibly swamp ing valuable agricultural lands
40、around the world.【C5】_water quality may result as【C6】_flooding forces salt water into coastal irrigation and drinking water supplies, and irreplaceable, natural【C7】_could be flooded with ocean water, destroying forever many of the【C8】_plant and animal species living there. Food supplies and forests
41、would be【C9】_affected. Changes in rainfall patterns would disrupt agriculture. Warmer temperatures would【C10】_grain-growing regions polewards. The warming would also increase and change the pest plants, such as weeds, and the insects【C11】_the crops. Human health would also be affected. Warming could
42、【C12】_tropical climate bringing with it yellow fever and other diseases. The harmful【C13】_of localized urban air pollution would very likely be more serious in warmer【C14】_. There will be some【C15】_from warming. New sea-lanes will open in the Arctic, longer growing seasons further north will【C16】_ne
43、w agricultural lands, and warmer temperature will make some of today“s colder regions more【C17】_. But these benefits will be in individual areas. The natural systemsboth plant and animalwill be less able than man to cope and【C18】_. Any change of temperature, rainfall, and sea level of the magnitude
44、now【C19】_will be destructive to natural systems and living things and【C20】_to man as well.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.ascendedB.assaultedC.erasedD.endangered 解析：解析：由上文的 Sea rise(海平面上升)可推断“将会危及港口城市”，endanger 意为“危及”，符合句意，故选 D。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.whichB.where C.whenD.what解析：解析：空格所在处为定语从旬的引导词在该定语从句中，主谓宾
45、成分都完整，因此引导词在从句中作状语，先行词 areas 表地点，where 符合要求。故选 B。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.dislocation B.discontentC.distributionD.distinction解析：解析：人口密集的沿海地区，且人口都位于低洼地区，海平面上升，当地人口必须进行迁移，从而造成混乱，故选 A 项 dislocation“混乱”。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.resulting fromB.leading byC.resulting in D.leading with解析：解析：Warmer oceans(海洋变暖)是会导致 coa
46、stal flooding“沿海地区爆发洪灾”，C 项resulting in“导致”符合语义要求。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.IncreasedB.Reduced C.ExpandedD.Saddened解析：解析：由下文的“会使得盐水混入沿海灌溉用水和饮用水供应中”可以推断出，水质会下降，故选B 项 Reduced“下降的”。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.inlandB.suburbanC.urbanD.coastal 解析：解析：由下文的 forces salt water into coastal irrigation“使得盐水混入沿海灌溉用水中”，当然只有沿海地带发
47、洪水才有盐水。故选 D 项 coastal“沿海的”。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.farmlandB.mountainC.wetlands D.forest解析：解析：此题比较适合用逐项代入排除法。C 项 wetlands“湿地”，尤指湿地野生动植物保护区，代入文中意为“不可替代的自然湿地将被海水淹没”，符合语境。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.unique B.universalC.interestingD.exciting解析：解析：由上文的 irreplaceable“不可替代的”和 natural“自然的，天然的”等词，可看出这些物种的宝贵价值，unique“独特的”能体现这种价值，故本题选 A。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.geologicallyB.adversely C.secretivelyD.serially解析：解析：从上一段 forces salt water into coastal irrigation“使得盐水混入沿海灌溉”可推断粮食供给等会受到负面影响。因此选 B 项 adversely“不利地”。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.shift B.generateC.greaseD.fuse解析：解析：
