1、中国科学院硕士英语-15 及答案解析(总分：37.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary(总题数：20，分数：10.00)1.To have a knowledge-based economy and a scientifically _ population, developing countries must invest in fundamental science and blue skies research.（分数：0.50）A.moderateB.obsoleteC.literateD.desperate2.It must be much tougher
2、than I realized, _ on just 10,000 Yuan a year.（分数：0.50）A.getting byB.getting awayC.getting aroundD.getting along3.Operations which left patients _ and in need of long periods of recovery time now leave them feeling relaxed and comfortable.（分数：0.50）A.ignoredB.exhaustedC.desertedD.alienated4.The widow
3、ed old woman was so lonely that she would talk _ to the strangers in the supermarkets about her pets.（分数：0.50）A.at bestB.at lengthC.in bulkD.in effect5.The sanctions are designed to force Libya to _ the two Lockerbie suspects and to co-operate in the investigation in a similar case.（分数：0.50）A.hand i
4、nB.hand outC.hand downD.hand over6.New Zealanders colloquially refer to themselves as “Kiwis“, _ the country“s native bird.（分数：0.50）A.forB.byC.withD.after7.The Labour defeat was a disaster, but it might be a blessing _.（分数：0.50）A.at libertyB.in disguiseC.at riskD.in sequence8.I could then realize th
5、at he was a fever specialist of world _.（分数：0.50）A.renownB.domainC.prominenceD.authority9.True modesty does not _ an ignorance of our merits, but in a due estimate of it.（分数：0.50）A.count inB.fall inC.consist inD.rein in10.Citizens of developed and developing nations alike face dangers from _ medicin
6、es; they pose a terrible hazard to public health.（分数：0.50）A.distinctiveB.proliferatingC.fraudulentD.getting along11.Science suggests that the greater part of an optimistic outlook can be _ with the right instruction.（分数：0.50）A.acquiredB.imposedC.tracedD.fabricated12.Good leadership requires you to s
7、urround yourself with people of _ perspectives who can disagree with you without feat of revenge.（分数：0.50）A.cynicalB.diverseC.dominantD.indifferent13.These are students who, at some stage of their undergraduate careers have class, either _, or because they are asked to do so.（分数：0.50）A.voluntarilyB.
8、selectivelyC.compulsorilyD.necessarily14.The small supplier firm will often be located near to the big firm, and will be expected to provide supplies _.（分数：0.50）A.on dutyB.on demandC.on purposeD.on record15.The old bridge is not strong enough to allow the _ of heavy vehicles.（分数：0.50）A.passageB.rout
9、eC.tunnelD.pressure16.When the relationship of parents and children is at this low _, mutual love and respect need careful maintenance and rebuilding.（分数：0.50）A.rateB.rankC.scaleD.ebb17.Disobedience will bring _ on the nation: fatal disease, famine, wild beasts ravaging the land, and war leading to
10、exile.（分数：0.50）A.calamityB.provisionC.rivalryD.revival18.She walked round to the _ of the car and stood silently while he undid the boot and picked up her bag.（分数：0.50）A.reamB.ranchC.rearD.realm19.Obama reiterated his call today for Republicans and Democrats to _ their differences in the face of the
11、 economic crisis.（分数：0.50）A.lean onB.leak outC.leave outD.lay aside20.Nearly 4 out of 5 workers at the company take unpaid _ at least once a week.（分数：0.50）A.leaveB.shiftC.changeD.slot二、Part Cloze(总题数：1，分数：15.00)The relationship between husbands and wives is one of the strongest bonds in our society.
12、 It is deep, passionate, and often 1 . The exact amount of husband-wife violence is difficult to 2 , but it is one of the most common of all forms of violence. More calls to the police involve family disturbances 3 all other forms of violent behavior 4 . In 1993, New York city police 5 received 300,
13、000 domestic violence calls. But researchers deemed that it was still an 6 . They estimate that it actually occurs in about one of 7 two marriages. In many societies, husbands have traditionally had the legal right to physically punish wives who refuse to accept male 8 . Although this practice is no
14、 longer 9 in Western culture, it still occurs. 10 , many victims of spousal abuse find that the police are reluctant to be of much help. Battered women report that abusive husbands are merely given a lecture or spend the night in jail and are soon back to their 11 ways. There appear to be two major
15、reasons for this. First, most police officers are male, and they tend to hold a traditional view of gender roles. Even assaults that do serious physical harm to the 12 are often seen as private matters that should be 13 by the married partners, not the police. Second, 14 other violent crimes, a sign
16、ificant percentage of the victim of spousal abuse drop the charges 15 their attackers, some officers feel that even a vigorous enforcement effort is likely to produce few results.（分数：15.00）A.fantasticB.alienC.violentD.stressfulA.controlB.proveC.supposeD.determineA.thanB.overC.aboveD.uponA.documented
17、B.committedC.classifiedD.combinedA.aloneB.elseC.itselfD.onlyA.understatementB.underestimateC.undergroundD.underproductionA.thoseB.bothC.allD.everyA.prestigeB.authorityC.hierarchyD.temperamentA.referred toB.approved ofC.carried outD.interfered withA.ThereforeB.HoweverC.MoreoverD.MeanwhileA.everlastin
18、gB.continuingC.threateningD.misunderstandingA.victimB.childrenC.societyD.policeA.disposedB.resolvedC.promisedD.concernedA.regardingB.unlikeC.rather thanD.concernedA.againstB.toC.forD.about三、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)Mark Kelly is originally from Lancashire in England. He has been living in Ja
19、pan for six years and, at the weekend, he is a fake priest. “I was living in Sapporo, studying Japanese, and I needed the money. It“s far better paid than teaching in a language school,“ he said, “Being a fake priest is big business in JapanI“ve done a TV commercial for one company,“ he added. “In S
20、apporo, there are five agencies employing about 20 fake priests. In a city like Tokyo, there must be hundreds.“ The fake Western priests are employed at Western-style wedding to give a performance and add to the atmosphere. These are not legal ceremoniesthe couples also have to make a trip to the lo
21、cal registrar. “In the past almost all weddings in Japan were Shinto, but in the last few years Western-style wedding have appeared and become very popular,“ said one Japanese priest. “Most couples are trying to re-create a European wedding, so they overwhelmingly ask for a foreign priest instead of
22、 a Japanese one,“ he added. The fake priests in Japan sometimes have to deal with difficult situations. Mr. Kelly has often presided over ceremonies where the bride is pregnant. “It is common. Once, the bride vomited on me and then fainted. It wasn“t very romantic,“ he said. “Another difficulty is m
23、eeting genuine Japanese priests to meet the demand,“ he said. One Japanese Christian priest spoke out. “It is a real problem for us. They are not genuine and they give us a bad name,“ he said. “It is important for the bride and groom to have a proper wedding, and they are not getting it from these f
24、oreign priests. I have even heard of hotels using staff when they can“t find anyone else.“ But Mr. Kelly argues that the ceremony is not about religion, but about image. “I give a good performance. I use an Apache wedding prayer in my ceremony. It works very well, although I had to take out the part
25、 about the bear god in the sky,“ he said. “If people are crying by the end of the wedding, I think I have done a good job.“（分数：12.00）(1).What do we know about Mark Kelly?（分数：2.00）A.He“s a profession priest.B.He“s a language student.C.He“s working for a TV station.D.He“s earning a living in Japan.(2)
26、.The fake Western priests are in great demand in Japan because of _.（分数：2.00）A.the popularity of Western-style weddingsB.the bad reputation of Japanese priestsC.the decline of the traditional religion, ShintoD.the low prices at which they are hired(3).Using a foreign priest at a wedding in Japan is
27、_.（分数：2.00）A.forbidden according to criminal lawB.meant for having a Western atmosphereC.aimed to save a trip to a registrarD.deemed necessary to add to the solemnity(4).According to the passage, Mr. Kelly considers his job rather _.（分数：2.00）A.demandingB.amusingC.sacredD.creative(5).Japanese priest
28、at a wedding in Japan is _.（分数：2.00）A.bringing an end to the occupationB.misleading the bride and groomC.damaging the image of the formerD.corrupting the morals of weddings(6).According to Mr. Kelly, what mostly interests a Japanese couple at the wedding is _.（分数：2.00）A.how well the priest can perfo
29、rm his roleB.what religious rituals are being followedC.whether other participants can be movedD.who can make them burst into tears中国科学院硕士英语-15 答案解析(总分：37.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary(总题数：20，分数：10.00)1.To have a knowledge-based economy and a scientifically _ population, developing countries must
30、invest in fundamental science and blue skies research.（分数：0.50）A.moderateB.obsoleteC.literate D.desperate解析：解析 本题考查词义辨析。句意为：要想有一个知识经济和有科学素养的人口，发展中国家必须投资于基础科学和理论研究。A：稳健的，温和的，适度的，中等的，有节制的；B：废弃的，老式的；C：受过教育的，精通文学的；D：不顾一切的，令人绝望的，极度渴望的。分析各选项意思，只有 C 选项符合题意。2.It must be much tougher than I realized, _ on ju
31、st 10,000 Yuan a year.（分数：0.50）A.getting by B.getting awayC.getting aroundD.getting along解析：解析 本题考查词义辨析。本句意为：这比我想的还要严峻，每年仅 10000 元。A：通过，过得去，过活，获得认可；B：外出度假，离开；C：出行；D：和睦相处。因此，本题选 A。3.Operations which left patients _ and in need of long periods of recovery time now leave them feeling relaxed and comfor
32、table.（分数：0.50）A.ignoredB.exhausted C.desertedD.alienated解析：解析 本题考查词义辨析。句意为：手术会造成患者疲惫。经过很长的恢复期后，现在他们感觉轻松和舒适。A：忽略，不顾，不理会；B：耗尽，用尽，使精疲力尽；C：荒芜的，被遗弃的；D：疏远的，被疏远的。因此，本题选 B。4.The widowed old woman was so lonely that she would talk _ to the strangers in the supermarkets about her pets.（分数：0.50）A.at bestB.at
33、length C.in bulkD.in effect解析：解析 本题考查词义辨析。句意为：那位寡居的老太太实在太孤独了，她会在超市和遇到的陌生人唠唠叨叨地说她的宠物。A：最多；B：最后，终于，详细地；C：整批，散装，大批，大量；D：实际上，生效。因此根据语义可知，B 选项符合题干要求，本题选 B。5.The sanctions are designed to force Libya to _ the two Lockerbie suspects and to co-operate in the investigation in a similar case.（分数：0.50）A.hand i
34、nB.hand outC.hand downD.hand over 解析：解析 本题考查词义辨析。句意为：制裁的目的是迫使利比亚交出两位嫌疑人，并且在相似案件的调查中给予合作。A：交上，提交，呈送；B：分发，施舍，把拿出来；C：宣布，把传下去；D：交出，移交。分析各个选项及题干意思，可知本题选 D。6.New Zealanders colloquially refer to themselves as “Kiwis“, _ the country“s native bird.（分数：0.50）A.forB.byC.withD.after 解析：解析 本题考查词义辨析。句意为：在有了国鸟之后，新
35、西兰人通俗地称自己为“Kiwi”。A：为，为了，因为，给，对于，至于，适合于；B：通过，被，依据，经由，在附近，在之前；C：用，随着，支持，和在一起；D：后来，以后。分析句意，可知本题选 D。7.The Labour defeat was a disaster, but it might be a blessing _.（分数：0.50）A.at libertyB.in disguise C.at riskD.in sequence解析：解析 本题考查词义辨析。句意为：工党的失败是一场灾难，但也可能是塞翁失马。A：自由，随意，有空；B：伪装，乔装；C：处于危险中；D：依次，逐一。因此，B 选项
36、符合题意。8.I could then realize that he was a fever specialist of world _.（分数：0.50）A.renown B.domainC.prominenceD.authority解析：解析 本题考查词义辨析。句意为：后来我知道他是一个有世界名望的发烧方面专家。A：声誉，名望；B：领域，域名，产业，地产；C：突出，显著，突出物，卓越；D：权威，权力，当局。因此，A选项“声誉；名望”符合题意。9.True modesty does not _ an ignorance of our merits, but in a due estimat
37、e of it.（分数：0.50）A.count inB.fall inC.consist in D.rein in解析：解析 本题考查词义辨析。句意为：真正的谦虚不在于对自己的长处一无所知，而是对它有应有的估计。A：把计算在内；B：塌陷，跌入，集合，到期；C：在于，存在于；D：控制，放慢，止住。因此可知，此处答案为 C 选项。10.Citizens of developed and developing nations alike face dangers from _ medicines; they pose a terrible hazard to public health.（分数：0
38、.50）A.distinctiveB.proliferatingC.fraudulent D.getting along解析：解析 本题考查词义辨析。句意为：发达国家和发展中国家都面临着日益增长的药物危机；它们对公众健康存在着巨大的危害。A：有特色的，与众不同的；B：爆炸，冲击波；C：增生的；D：和睦相处。分析各选项意思，只有 C 选项符合题意。11.Science suggests that the greater part of an optimistic outlook can be _ with the right instruction.（分数：0.50）A.acquired B.i
39、mposedC.tracedD.fabricated解析：解析 本题考查词义辨析。句意为：科学表明前景乐观的大部分可以通过正确的指令获得。A：取得，捕获；B：欺骗，把强加于；C：追溯，跟踪，摹写；D：制造，组装，伪造，捏造。因此，本题选 A。12.Good leadership requires you to surround yourself with people of _ perspectives who can disagree with you without feat of revenge.（分数：0.50）A.cynicalB.diverse C.dominantD.indiff
40、erent解析：解析 本题考查词义辨析。句意为：好的领导力要求你能够使自己融入持有不同观点的人群中，并且他们对你没有报复的行为。A：愤世嫉俗的，冷嘲的；B：不同的，多种多样的，变化多的；C：显性的，占优势的，支配的，统治的；D：漠不关心的，无关紧要的，中性的，中立的。因此，本题选 B。13.These are students who, at some stage of their undergraduate careers have class, either _, or because they are asked to do so.（分数：0.50）A.voluntarily B.sel
41、ectivelyC.compulsorilyD.necessarily解析：解析 本题考查词义辨析。句意为：这些学生在他们的本科生涯中需要上课，无论是自愿的还是因为他们被要求这样做。A：自动地，以自由意志；B：有选择地；C：强制地，强迫地，必须地；D：必要地，必定地，必然地。分析句意可知，本题选 A。14.The small supplier firm will often be located near to the big firm, and will be expected to provide supplies _.（分数：0.50）A.on dutyB.on demand C.on
42、purposeD.on record解析：解析 本题考查词义辨析。句意为：小供应商通常位于大公司附近，并能够及时提供需求。A：值班，上班；B：见票即付，经即期；C：有目的地，故意地；D：记录在案的；公开发表的。因此，本题选 B。15.The old bridge is not strong enough to allow the _ of heavy vehicles.（分数：0.50）A.passage B.routeC.tunnelD.pressure解析：解析 本题考查词义辨析。句意为：这座老旧的桥梁不足以让重型车辆通过。A：通过；B：路线；C：隧道，坑道，洞穴通道；D：压力。因此根据语
43、义可知，A 选项符合题干要求，本题选 A。16.When the relationship of parents and children is at this low _, mutual love and respect need careful maintenance and rebuilding.（分数：0.50）A.rateB.rankC.scaleD.ebb 解析：解析 本题考查词义辨析。句意为：当父母和孩子的关系在低谷时，相互的爱和尊重需要精心的维护和重建。A：比率，率，速度，价格，等级；B：排，等级，军衔，队列；C：规模，比例，鳞，刻度，天平，数值范围；D：衰退，退潮，衰落。因此
44、答案为 D。17.Disobedience will bring _ on the nation: fatal disease, famine, wild beasts ravaging the land, and war leading to exile.（分数：0.50）A.calamity B.provisionC.rivalryD.revival解析：解析 本题考查词义辨析。句意为：违抗将会给国家带来灾难：致命的疾病、饥荒、野兽肆虐的土地和战争导致的流亡。A：灾难，不幸事件；B：规定，条款，准备，经供应品；C：竞争，对抗，竞赛；D：复兴，复活，苏醒，恢复精神，再生效。分析各个选项可知，
45、只有 A 选项符合语境，因此本题选A。18.She walked round to the _ of the car and stood silently while he undid the boot and picked up her bag.（分数：0.50）A.reamB.ranchC.rear D.realm解析：解析 本题考查词义辨析。句意为：当他解开靴子，拿起她的包的时候，她走到车后面，静静地站着。A：令(纸张的计数单位)，大量；B：大农场，大牧场；C：后面，屁股，后方部队；D：领域，范围，王国。通过分析各个选项的意思，可知本题选 C。19.Obama reiterated hi
46、s call today for Republicans and Democrats to _ their differences in the face of the economic crisis.（分数：0.50）A.lean onB.leak outC.leave outD.lay aside 解析：解析 本题考查词义辨析。句意为：面对经济危机时，奥巴马今天再次呼吁共和党人和民主党人搁置分歧。A：依赖，靠在上；B：泄漏，漏出；C：遗漏，省去，不考虑；D：搁置，储蓄，留存。结合各个选项的意思可知，本题选 D。20.Nearly 4 out of 5 workers at the comp
47、any take unpaid _ at least once a week.（分数：0.50）A.leave B.shiftC.changeD.slot解析：解析 本题考查词义辨析。句意为：近五分之四的工人在公司一周至少有一次无薪休假。A：离开，休假；B：转移，改变，替换；C：改变，交换；D：跟踪，开槽于。分析各个选项，可知本题选 A。二、Part Cloze(总题数：1，分数：15.00)The relationship between husbands and wives is one of the strongest bonds in our society. It is deep,
48、passionate, and often 1 . The exact amount of husband-wife violence is difficult to 2 , but it is one of the most common of all forms of violence. More calls to the police involve family disturbances 3 all other forms of violent behavior 4 . In 1993, New York city police 5 received 300,000 domestic violence calls. But researchers deemed that it was still an 6 . They estimate that it actually occurs in about one of 7 two marriages. In many societies, husbands have traditionally had the legal right to physically punish wives who refuse to accept male 8 . Although this practice i
