1、2006年 10月中国科学院考博英语真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 In the information age, the messages the average Westerner is_with are not religious but commercial. （ A） bombarded （ B） exposed （ C） struck （ D） covered 2 _my return, I learned that my supervisor had gone to the lab and would not be back fo
2、r several hours. （ A） For （ B） In （ C） On （ D） To 3 If the team was in financial trouble, would the owners sell stock to fans to keep them_? （ A） high （ B） out （ C） afloat （ D） alert 4 Apart from its low cost, the appeal of iron as a building material lay in its strength, its_to fire, and its potent
3、ial to span vast areas. （ A） assignment （ B） resistance （ C） adjustment （ D） liability 5 Sophisticated equipment, white coats and medical_ serve to make most lay people feel ignorant and less important. （ A） jargon （ B） accent （ C） dialect （ D） idiom 6 She felt really bad when she realized that she
4、had lost her watch. It wasnt expensive but it had sentimental_. （ A） expense （ B） price （ C） value （ D） charge 7 One candidate is so _ that even his own supporters cannot say what he stands for. （ A） dynamic （ B） evasive （ C） vigorous （ D） tangible 8 Dont tell Mary your plans or shell tell everybody
5、. She is always_her mouth off （ A） shooting （ B） speaking （ C） talking （ D） throwing 9 According to the latest population_the number of people in the world will go up an alarming 100 percent. （ A） procedure （ B） proceeding （ C） process （ D） projection 10 Everything seemed so_that it was difficult to
6、 suspect that it was a lie. （ A） plausible （ B） judicious （ C） far-fetched （ D） insistent 11 The tender woman felt that keeping silent might be the only or the_way out of the miserable situation. （ A） sustainable （ B） sanitary （ C） sensible （ D） sensational 12 Im_according to my own experience, that
7、 the present situation will continue for a long time. （ A） assuming （ B） pretending （ C） illustrating （ D） appealing 13 _John I began to trust my feelings and began to believe in my ability. （ A） Due to （ B） Obliged to （ C） By virtue of （ D） Thanks to 14 In Tokyo trading today the US dollar fell and
8、 Japanese_ dropped to their lowest level in three months. （ A） dealers （ B） shares （ C） standards （ D） ballots 15 _, after long pondering, I arrived at the following conjecture. （ A） To date （ B） In case （ C） For sure （ D） At length 16 He is setting out for the country and sends you a thousand thank
9、s and_. （ A） compliments （ B） complements （ C） satisfactions （ D） supplements 17 If you understand why the question is being asked, you will feel less inclined to regard the interviewer as unduly_his nose into your private business. （ A） stretching （ B） poking （ C） reaching （ D） dropping 18 Pam love
10、s children but she doesnt like them when theyre noisy. It gets on her （ A） nerves （ B） feelings （ C） energies （ D） pains 19 His presidential address in New York_on the importance of communication between science and industry. （ A） bore （ B） spoke （ C） dwelt （ D） threw 20 It would seem that Miller ca
11、nnot have been on friendly terms with the gardeners there, or he would have made a_of visiting them. （ A） move （ B） use （ C） point （ D） remedy 二、 Cloze 20 The differences between men and women clarify why they have different expectations about communication in marriage. For women, talk【 C1】 _intimac
12、y. Marriage is an orgy (狂欢 ) of 【 C2】 _: you can tell your feelings and thoughts, and still be loved. Womens greatest fear is being pushed away. But men live in a hierarchical world,【 C3】 _talk maintains independence and status. They are on【 C4】 _to protect themselves from being put down and pushed
13、around. This【 C5】 _the paradox of the talkative man who said of his silent wife, “Shes the talker. “ In public settings, he feels challenged to【 C6】 _his intelligence and display his understanding. But at home, where he has【 C7】 _to prove and no one. to defend against, he is free to remain【 C8】 _For
14、 his wife, being home means she is free from the worry that something she says might【 C9】 _someone, or spark disagreement, or appear to be showing off; at home she is【 C10】 _to talk. The communication【 C11】 _that endanger marriage cant be fixed by mechanical engineering. They require a new conceptua
15、l framework about the【 C12】 _of talk in human relationships. Many of the psychological explanations may not be 【 C13】_, because they tend to blame either women (for not being assertive enough) 【 C14】 _men (for not being in touch with their feelings). A sociolinguistic approach in【 C15】 _male-female
16、conversation is seen as Cross-cultural communication allows us to understand the problem and forge solutions without blaming either party. 21 【 C1】 （ A） traces （ B） creates （ C） needs （ D） senses 22 【 C2】 （ A） closeness （ B） calmness （ C） toughness （ D） thoroughness 23 【 C3】 （ A） what （ B） which （ C
17、） where （ D） when 24 【 C4】 （ A） guard （ B） hand （ C） duty （ D） purpose 25 【 C5】 （ A） exposes （ B） exemplifies （ C） expresses （ D） explains 26 【 C6】 （ A） develop （ B） provide （ C） conceal （ D） show 27 【 C7】 （ A） something （ B） anything （ C） nothing （ D） everything 28 【 C8】 （ A） active （ B） silent （ C
18、） talkative （ D） cooperative 29 【 C9】 （ A） abuse （ B） offend （ C） activate （ D） interrupt 30 【 C10】 （ A） free （ B） reluctant （ C） likely （ D） allowed 31 【 C11】 （ A） puzzles （ B） problems （ C） freedom （ D） shortages 32 【 C12】 （ A） reason （ B） effect （ C） role （ D） origin 33 【 C13】 （ A） helpful （ B） p
19、roductive （ C） conclusive （ D） significant 34 【 C14】 （ A） not （ B） and （ C） nor （ D） or 35 【 C15】 （ A） what （ B） which （ C） who （ D） whom 三、 Reading Comprehension 35 It seems incredible to me that Latin is not taught in schools as a matter of course, especially in a country that is forever lamenting
20、 its own (undeniable) mediocrity when it comes to speaking foreign languages. As a 13-year-old, I hardly approached my own Latin lessons with anything resembling enthusiasmI might have been keener if Aeneas went to the shops occasionallybut I am terrifically grateful I had them, all the same. The be
21、nefits are many. Having a basic grounding in Latin makes learning Romance languages a doddle (轻而易举的事 ): the fact that I speak English plus three others has less to do with any genetic predispositionI was hopeless at learning Russianthan with an understanding of the root and provenance of Latin-deriv
22、ed words. It would be impossible to have a smattering of Latin and find oneself stuck in Italy, provided one managed to persuade the speaker to slow down a bit. And the reason I can (arguably) just about string a sentence together in Englishwhich isnt my first languagehas a great deal to do with und
23、erstanding, through Latin, the way sentences and grammar work. Latin also has its own pleasing internal logic; you follow the rules and you get the answer. And I really believe that if you know Latin, you half-speak French already. The British used not to be appalling at languages; my theory is that
24、 they only became so during the past century, when Latin stopped being widely taught. Detractors (恶意批评者 ) might point out that there is little use in learning a dead language. But Latin is not dead; its everywhere. It makes the kind of people who never use two short words when six big ones will do i
25、ntelligible. It demystifies jargon and legalese. It helps with crosswords. It even forces those of us who are pathologically illogical to think logically every once in a while; I remember the pleasure I felt at school, during Latin translation, when I realized I could create order and sense out of a
26、pparent chaos. Really, Latins useful applications are manifold. Watching Who Wants To Be A Millionaire ? a few weeks ago, I noticed that the question which felled the contestant would almost certainly not have stumped him had he had some Latin. Of all the possible answers, only one had a Latin root
27、that echoed the question. From Cicero to Chris Tarrant in a few easy steps, you cant say more modern or less dusty than that. 36 As a teenager, the author_. （ A） had a keen interest in Latin （ B） had never showed any interest in Latin （ C） quit soon after he took the Latin course （ D） was satisfied
28、with his or her Latin course 37 In paragraph 3, the author believes that knowing a little about Latin helps one （ A） to speak Italian better （ B） to figure out what an Italian says （ C） to understand Italian history （ D） to make friends with Italians 38 According to paragraph 4, the British_. （ A） h
29、ave always been terrible in learning Latin （ B） used to be good at languages when Latin was taught （ C） became good at languages when people stopped learning Latin （ D） used to be terrible in languages when Latin was taught 39 One of the benefits to learn Latin is that_. （ A） it makes it easier to l
30、earn some other languages （ B） it helps a lot in learning Russian （ C） it helps to improve mental health （ D） it helps the writer speak four tongues 40 That Latin is not dead is shown by all of the following EXCEPT_. （ A） some difficult technical words become easy to understand （ B） crossword puzzle
31、s become easy to be solved （ C） some people become more logical in their way of thinking （ D） some people become more self-confident 41 The contestant could have won if he/she_. （ A） had not been beaten by some legal words （ B） had known something about Latin （ C） had not been so eager to be a milli
32、onaire （ D） had asked the question about Cicero 41 For some people, the light of human attention has an unbearable brilliance. Like ivy along the dim edge of a garden, they prefer the social shadows, shunning parties, publicity and fame of any sort. Then there are the flowers of the human arboretum.
33、 For them, being in the view of others seems necessary for life itself. From Hollywood to fabricated prime-time reality, this spotlight-dependent species is thriving. But what about the individuals who crave attention for more desperate reasons? Those who resort to unusual ways to get it? Lately, it
34、 seems, a dark bloom of these characters has emerged. For motives known only to themselves, they have won notoriety by drawing on an almost sacred well of social status; victim hood. In early April, US national news outlets tracked the disappearance of Audrey Seiler, a sophomore at the University of
35、 Wisconsin in Madison. Police and hundreds of concerned citizens searched for four days before Seiler was discovered. Seiler said she was kidnapped. Within hours, however, her story fell apart. Police announced that her abduction had been a hoax. Why would a popular student make herself disappear? H
36、er motive remains a mystery, but perhaps it had something to do with the search parties and the news bulletins that surrounded her. Sympathy is a powerful sentiment that can connect complete strangers. But if its used to manipulate, the backlash can be much more intense. In February, a Waterbury, Co
37、nnecticut, man was arrested as a result of exploiting sympathy. Edward Valentin told reporters that he had received word that his wife, serving in Iraq, had been killed in an explosion. Police said Valentin admitted the fabrication, reasoning that if people felt sorry for him maybe the military woul
38、d send his wife home. Evidence, however, points elsewhere. In its extreme form, such a craving shows up in mental disorders, where sufferers may seek attention by causing themselves harm. But even when it comes with no diagnosis, a deep craving to be noticed can have a wide impact. For these individ
39、uals, victim hood represents a “pure state of guilt-free entitlement,“ said psychologist Richard Levak, of Del Mar, California. “They go from being utterly deprived to being utterly indulged. In todays world.people have become more depressed and disconnected from each other. So you get people who cr
40、ave affection and attention and approval. They dont know how to ask for it and they dont know how to get it. That leaves them vulnerable,“ Levak said. 42 According to the first paragraph, some people_. （ A） do not like to be in the spotlight （ B） like the dark side of society （ C） prefer the beauty
41、of plants to people （ D） avoid the media but enjoy parties 43 In the first two paragraphs, the rhetoric device used in the writing is_. （ A） paradox （ B） analogy （ C） metaphor （ D） pun 44 According to paragraph 3, we know that Audrey Seiler_. （ A） was kidnapped （ B） played a trick for publicity （ C）
42、 was neglected at school （ D） stayed away from the concerned citizens 45 Audrey Seiler did something crazy probably because she wanted to_. （ A） challenge the police （ B） attract the media （ C） experience an adventure （ D） beat the crowd 46 Edward Valentin made up the story in order to_. （ A） get hi
43、s wife back home from Iraq （ B） make people feel sorry for him （ C） express deep love for his wife （ D） draw attention to himself 47 The last paragraph suggests that_. （ A） society has nothing to do with the extreme behavior of people （ B） people who play the victim are doing what they feel is right
44、 （ C） peoples deep need of attention implies psychological problems （ D） people who fish for attention indulge themselves in fabricating reality 47 St. Patricks Day is celebrated on March 17, his religious feast day and the anniversary of his death in the fifth century. Legend has it that this patro
45、n saint had given a sermon from a hilltop that drove all the snakes from Ireland. He also used the three-leafed shamrock to represent the Trinityhow the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit could all exist as separate elements of the same entityand converted the pagans to Christianity. The Irish hav
46、e observed this day as a religious holiday for hundreds of years. People wear green in memory of the Emerald Isle and wear shamrocks. . The first St. Patricks Day parade, however, took place not in Ireland, but in the United States. Irish soldiers serving in the English military marched through New
47、York City on March 17, 1762. Along with their music, the parade helped the soldiers, as well as fellow Irishmen serving in the English army, to reconnect with their Irish roots. Over the next thirty-five years, Irish patriotism among American immigrants flourished, prompting the rise of so-called “I
48、rish Aid“ societies, like the Friendly Sons of Saint Patrick and the Hibernian Society. Each group would hold annual parades featuring bagpipes (which actually first became popular in the Scottish and English armies) and drums. Up until the mid-nineteenth century, most Irish immigrants in America we
49、re members of the Protestant middle class. When the Great Potato Famine hit Ireland in 1845, close to a million poor, uneducated, Catholic Irish began to pour into America to escape starvation. Despised for their religious beliefs and funny accents by the American Protestant majority, the immigrants had trouble finding even menial jobs.
