1、医学博士外语-试卷 13及答案解析(总分：206.00，做题时间：90 分钟)1.Section A（分数：10.00）_A.nameB.addressC.receiptD.phone numberA.purposefullyB.accidentallyC.occasionallyD.all of a suddenA.Italy.B.Africa.C.The Mediterranean region.D.Places unknown.A.France.B.USA.C.Spain.D.Italy.A.adviserB.computer programmerC.product designerD.
2、computer designerA.At the platform 7.B.At the platform 8.C.At the platform 9.D.At the platform 13.A.She will continue with her diet.B.She might diet any day.C.She can“t afford expensive food.D.She is overweight.A.It“s easy to run the business.B.Henry will not succeed.C.Henry is too busy to run the c
3、ompany.D.Henry has already run the company well.A.She doesn“t like to spend unnecessary money.B.The man should first count the number of people going.C.She doesn“t have enough money at present.D.The man shouldn“t expect her to go.A.The sales have been increasing.B.The sales have been satisfactory.C.
4、The sales have been the same.D.The sales haven“t been steady.A.No one likes the food there.B.Some people like the food there.C.All the people having the food there.D.The food seems too heavy there.A.Some like meat while others like poison.B.Different people are interested in different things.C.Meat
5、and poison can be transferred.D.Meat can be served as poison to some extent.A.Restaurant.B.Laundries.C.Gold.D.Both A and BA.Mr. Smith is good at theory but drives poorly.B.Mr. Smith always get lost on the road.C.Mr. Smith knows little about rules and drives fast.D.Mr. Smith doesn“t know how to stop
6、the car.A.A delicate art.B.A religion.C.An exact science.D.A way of life.2.Section B（分数：10.00）_A.Cut down the figure of unemployment.B.Provide a better education for the unemployed.C.Eliminate the number of unemployment.D.Provide a worthwhile unemployment benefit.A.It“s essential that we should halt
7、 the increase of high-technology.B.It“s essential that we should reduce the rate of vehicle production.C.It“s essential that we should be aware of the importance of protecting environment from being polluted.D.It“s essential that we should have better time.A.They have made their contribution to the
8、country.B.They are donators.C.They are down but not out.D.They are the people what they used to be.A.They are in the majority.B.There is a handful of loafersC.There are thousands of well-meaning, responsible teenagers.D.Those who play truant will become hooligans.A.We have planned to clear the crimi
9、nalsB.We have no intention of letting them getting away with it.C.They should be sued.D.Layabouts have been educated to do anything better.A.Vitamin BB.Vitamin CC.Vitamin DD.Vitamin AA.Moderate amounts of all kinds of foods.B.Moderate amounts of high calorie food.C.Moderate amounts of low calorie fo
10、od.D.Moderate amounts of high iron food.A.One fifth.B.Two fifths.C.Three fifths.D.Four fifths.A.Women who are not breast-feeding their children.B.Vegetarian.C.People who have much daily product.D.All the old men.A.Vitamins can help keep people healthy when used correctly.B.Millions of people take vi
11、tamin pills to improve their health.C.People on diet need vitamins.D.Large amounts of vitamin pills can prevent some things as cancer and heart disease.A.British People like to take a short nap after lunch.B.British People don“t take a short nap after lunch.C.British People don“t feel sleepy after l
12、unch.D.British People like to sleep twice a day.A.All animals in the bush.B.The remnant of the same primeval programming.C.The same primeval programming.D.All animals in the world.A.Alcohol will be less potent after lunch.B.A pint of beer at lunchtime is equivalent to a quart in the evening, it can
13、cause afternoon sleepiness.C.People are more alert at lunchtime.D.It is not legal to drink at lunchtime.A.You will be refreshed.B.You will be waken up.C.You will feel far sleepier.D.You will take a cat nap.A.People are not allowed to drive after they drink one quarter in the evening.B.People are sti
14、ll allowed to drive after they drink one quarter in the evening.C.People are still allowed to drive after they drink out pint at lunch-time.D.None.3.Section A（分数：2.00）_4.He always makes_of some humorous remarks into his rather serious lectures, so we say he is a good speaker.（分数：2.00）A.injectionsB.i
15、nterruptionsC.insertsD.insides5.As our eyes ranged over the broad shoulders of the mountain, the conception of its _grew upon us.（分数：2.00）A.magnitudeB.gratitudeC.multitudeD.latitude6.I“m afraid that this border raid is the_to more serious attacks.（分数：2.00）A.descriptionB.preludeC.persuasionD.possessi
16、on7.Relief workers_emergency rations to the survivors.（分数：2.00）A.handed onB.handed outC.handed overD.handed in8.Ambulances_doctors and medical supplies to the scene of the accident.（分数：2.00）A.rushedB.hurriedC.hastenedD.urged9.Too much_to X-rays can cause skin burns, cancer or other damage to the hum
17、an body.（分数：2.00）A.disclosureB.exhibitionC.contactD.exposure10.Under the influence of market economy some research activities have been_ from basic research towards practical goals.（分数：2.00）A.relayedB.revolvedC.divertedD.rectified11.Even some Chinese and Japanese words have found_the English languag
18、e.（分数：2.00）A.their useB.their ways intoC.their way intoD.their way from12.You should never fall_your parents“ expectation.（分数：2.00）A.short ofB.shortC.short offD.apart13.My wife“s health will not_this cold damp climate.（分数：2.00）A.stand up forB.stand up toC.face up toD.stand by14.Section B（分数：2.00）_15
19、China has set its sight on putting 3 people into space for a week. The Shenzhou VI is expected to launch within the next year.（分数：2.00）A.blast offB.blast outC.blast awayD.blast onto16.She made elaborate preparations for the party, and then no one came.（分数：2.00）A.deliberateB.fancyC.carefulD.delicate
20、17.His flushed look was only one manifestation of his fever.（分数：2.00）A.evidenceB.resultC.defenseD.sample18.This statement was a classic illustration of British politeness.（分数：2.00）A.typicalB.rareC.traditionalD.particular19.Both ancient and modern sources leave wide latitude not only for understandin
21、g the complex origins of pain but for seeking clues to help deal with them.（分数：2.00）A.distanceB.attitudeC.roomD.aptitude20.Only a few years ago globalization seemed irrepressible . We were all advancing on flood tides of international trade and investment.（分数：2.00）A.impossibleB.possibleC.uncontrolla
22、bleD.improbable21.A former and seasoned observer of the world warns that the turn for the dollar to melt may be at hand.（分数：2.00）A.experiencedB.oldC.skillfulD.careful22.Government makes the laws and the police enforce them.（分数：2.00）A.implementB.violateC.carry onD.obey23.They have a reciprocal hatred
23、 for each other.（分数：2.00）A.equivalentB.oppositeC.mutualD.equality24.Wars produce surprises, for good and ill . No one expected that World War I would doom the existing global economic system.（分数：2.00）A.whether they are good or notB.foreverC.finallyD.no matter how good or ill五、Part Cloze(总题数：1，分数：20.
24、00)There are only three available strategies for controlling cancer: prevention, screening and treatment. Lung cancer causes more deaths than any other types of cancer. A major cause of the disease is not【C1】_known; there is no good evidence that screening is much help; and treatment fails in about
25、90 percent of all cases. At present, therefore, the main strategy must be【C2】_. This may not always be true, of course, as for some other types of cancer, research over the past few decades has produced(or suggested)some importance in prevention, screening or treatment. 【C3】_however, we consider not
26、 what researcher may one day offer but what today“s knowledge could already deliver that is not being delivered, then the most practical and cost-efficient opportunities for avoiding premature death from cancer, especially lung cancer, probably involve neither screening nor improved【C4】_. but preven
27、tion. This conclusion does not depend on the unrealistic assumption that we can eliminate tobacco. It merely assumes that we can reduce cigarette sales appreciably by raising prices or by【C5】_on the type of education that already appears to have a positive effect on cigarette assumption by white-col
28、lar workers and that we can substantially reduce the amount of tar【C6】_per cigarette. The practicability of preventing cancer by such measures applies not only in those countries, such as, the United States of America, because cigarette smoking has been common for decades, 25 to 30 percent of all ca
29、ncer deaths now involves lung cancer, but also in those where it has become【C7】_only recently. In China, lung cancer as yet accounts for only 5 to 10 percent of all cancer deaths. This is because it may take as much as half a century for the rise in smoking to increase in the incidence to lung cance
30、r. Countries where cigarette smoking is only now becoming widespread can expect enormous increase in lung cancer during the 1990“s or early in the next century,【C8】_prompt effective action is taken against the habit-indeed, such increase are already plainly evident in parts of the world. There are r
31、easons why the preventions of lung cancer is of such overwhelming importance: first, the disease is extremely common, causing more deaths than any other types of cancer now【C9】_: secondly, it is generally incurable; thirdly, effective, practicable measures to reduce its incidence are already reliabl
32、y known; and finally, reducing tobacco consumption will also have a substantial【C10】_on many other diseases.（分数：20.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.hardlyB.neverC.lessD.reliably(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.treatmentB.cureC.preventionD.diagnosis(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.AlthoughB.IfC.SinceD.Unless(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.healthB.cont
33、rolC.environmentD.treatment(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.dealingB.expendingC.hardeningD.inspecting(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.containedB.deliveringC.adoptedD.regulated(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.sensitiveB.tightC.widespreadD.rough(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.ifB.unlessC.providedD.while(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.hasB.emergesC.causesD.does(10).【C1
34、0】（分数：2.00）A.troubleB.marginsC.impactD.threat六、Part Reading Compre(总题数：6，分数：60.00)Can the internet help patients jump the line at the doctor“s office? The Silicon Valley Employers Forum, a sophisticated group of technology companies, is launching a pilot program to test online “virtual visits“ betwe
35、en doctors at three big local medical groups and about 8,000 employees and their families. The six employers taking part in the Silicon Valley initiative, including heavy hitters such as Oracle and Cisco Systems, hope that online visits will means employees won“t have to skip work to tend to minor a
36、ilment or to follow up on chronic conditions. “With our long commutes and traffic, driving 40 miles to your doctor in your hometown can be a big chunk of time,“ says Cindy Conway, benefits director at Cadence Design Systems, one of the participating companies. Doctors aren“t clamoring to chart with
37、patients online for free; they spend enough unpaid time on the phone. Only 1 in 5 has ever E-mailed a patient, and just 9 percent are interested in doing so, according to the research firm Cyber Dialogue. “We are not stupid,“ says Stirling Somers, executive director of the Silicon Valley Employers g
38、roup. “Doctors getting paid is a critical piece in getting this to work.“ In the pilot program, physicians will get $ 20 per online consultation; abut what they get for a simple office visit. Doctors also fear they“ll be swamped by rambling E-mails that tell everything but what“s needed to make a di
39、agnosis. So the new program will use technology supplied by Healinx, an Alameda, Calif, -based start-up. Healinx“s “Smart Symptom Wizard“ questions patients and turns answers into a succinct message. The company has online dialogues for 60 common conditions. The doctor can then diagnose the problem
40、and outline a treatment plan, which could include E-mailing a prescription or a face to face visit. Can E-mail replace the doctor“s office? Many conditions, such as persistent cough, require a stethoscope to discover what“s wrongand to avoid a malpractice suit. Even Larry Bonham, head of one of the
41、doctor“s groups in the pilot, believes the virtual doctor“s visits offer a “very narrow“ sliver of service between phone calls to an advice nurse and a visit to the clinic. The pilot program, set to end in nine months, also hopes to determine whether online visits will boost worker productivity enou
42、gh to offset the cost of the service. So far, the internet“s record in the health field has been underwhelming. The experiment is “a huge roll of the dice for Healinx,“ notes Michael Barrett, and analyst at internet consulting from Forester Research. If the “Web visits“ succeed, expect some HMOs(Hea
43、lth Maintenance Organizations)to pay for online visits. If doctors, employers, and patients aren“t satisfied, figure on one more E-health start-up to stand down.（分数：10.00）(1).The Silicon Valley employers promote the E-health program for the purpose of_.（分数：2.00）A.rewarding their employeesB.gratifyin
44、g the local hospitalsC.boosting worker productivityD.testing a sophisticated technology(2).What can be learned about the on-line doctor“s visits?（分数：2.00）A.They are a quite promising business.B.They are funded by the local government.C.They are welcomed by all the patients.D.They are very much under
45、 experimentation.(3).Of the following people, who are not involved in the program?（分数：2.00）A.Cisco System employees.B.Advice nurses in the clinic.C.Doctors at three local hospitals.D.Oracle executives.(4).According to Para. 2, doctors are_.（分数：2.00）A.reluctant to serve online for nothingB.not intere
46、sted in web consultationC.too tired to talk to the patients onlineD.content with $20 paid per Web visit(5).“Smart Symptom Wizard“ is capable of_.（分数：2.00）A.making diagnosesB.producing prescriptionsC.profiling patients“illnessD.offering a treatment planIt is common to think that other animals are rul
47、ed by instinct whereas humans lost their instincts and ruled by reason, and that this is why we are so much more flexibly intelligent than other animals. William James, in his book Principles of Psychology, took the opposite view. He argued that human behavior is more flexibly intelligent than that
48、of other animals because we have more instincts than they do, not fewer. We tend to be blind to the existence of these instincts, however, precisely because they work so wellbecause they process information so effortlessly and automatically. They structure our thought so powerfully, he argued, that it can be difficult to imagine how things could be otherwise. As a result, we take normal behavior for granted. We do not rea
