1、医学博士外语模拟试卷 46 及答案解析(总分：182.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Listening Comp(总题数：8，分数：60.00)1.Section A_A.Iron tablets.B.Sleeping pills.C.Blood pressure.D.Broken arms.A.Mother and daughter.B.Nurse and patient.C.Doctor and nurse.D.Teacher and student.A.Its a dragging type.B.Its a sharp pain.C.Its a colicky type.D.
2、Its a burning type.A.Two hoursB.Four hoursC.Six hoursD.Eight hoursA.She enjoys making up stories about other people.B.She can never keep anything to herself for long.C.She is eager to share news with the woman.D.She is the best informed woman in town.A.A stabbing pain.B.A sharp pain.C.A pricking pai
3、n.D.A blunt pain.A.Julies dress is not outdated.B.Julies dress does not suit her.C.Julie looks fine in that dress.D.Julie should follow the fashion.A.He fell.B.He had a fight.C.He was killed.D.He was punishedA.An examination to test ulcer.B.A way to exam ulcer in stomach.C.A way to cure gastric ulce
4、r.D.A chemical examination.A.Away from home.B.In the armyC.At a distant college.D.At camp.A.Dr. Smiths waiting room isnt tidy.B.Dr. Smith enjoys reading magazines.C.Dr. Smith has left a good impression on her.D.Dr. Smith may not be a good choice.A.Admitted to the hospital immediately.B.Have an opera
5、tion right now.C.Go home and prepare for admission.D.Go home and relax.A.Packing up to go abroad.B.Drawing up a plan for her English course.C.Brushing up on her English.D.Applying for a visa to the United Sates.A.He is anxious to find a cure for his high blood pressure.B.He doesnt think high blood p
6、ressure is a problem for him.C.He was not aware of his illness until diagnosed with it.D.He did not take the symptoms of his illness seriously.A.Chest pain.B.Tight in the chest.C.Dizziness.D.Coronary heart disease.2.Section B_A.Causes of illness.B.The discovery of antibiotics.C.The history of prescr
7、iption drugs.D.Characteristics of antibiotics.A.Blood poisoning.B.A penicillin.C.A heart attack.D.An car accident.A.To give an example of a bad reaction to penicillin.B.To show how penicillin has changed over the years.C.To emphasize the importance of antibiotics.D.To explain why penicillin requires
8、 a prescription.A.In a pharmacology course.B.From her mother.C.At the student health center.D.From her doctor.A.Look up some information about his medicine.B.Take an extra dose of his medicine.C.Ask his doctor to change his prescription.D.Begin to do research for his lab project.A.The impact of enzy
9、mes on chemical reactions.B.The way the body produces enzymes.C.The structure of enzymes.D.Types of chemical products created with enzymes.A.It divides into two different parts.B.It keeps the same chemical structure.C.It becomes part of a new chemical compound.D.It produces more of the enzyme.A.Prov
10、ide extra energy to start the reaction.B.Raise the temperature of the chemicals.C.Release a chemical needed to start the reaction.D.Lower the amount of energy needed to start the reaction.A.To show that enzymes are very effective.B.To point out that enzymes can sometimes fail to work.C.To explain wh
11、at enzymes are made of.D.To describe different types of enzymes.A.Enzymes are what make many of the bodys biochemical reactions possible.B.Enzymes are what make many of the body s chemical reactions possible.C.Enzymes are what make many of the body s reactions possible.D.Enzymes are what make many o
12、f the bodys biochemical reactions impossible.A.Learning autonomy.B.American education.C.Respect for professors.D.Guidelines for using the library in the USA.A.To know all the answers.B.To know a library works.C.To be completely dependent on their professors.D.To take the initiative and be independen
13、t.A.Professors in the United States are very busy.B.Professors in the U. S. have some other duties besides teaching.C.Professors in the U. S. enjoy publishing articles and books.D.Professors in the U. S. do not have much time to spend with their students outside class.A.He should go to the library.B
14、.He should turn to his professor for help during office hours.C.He should set office hours for his professor.D.He should always seek help from his professor in class.A.One who is interested in getting good grades in exams.B.One who can finish the assignment on time.C.One who is motivated to learn fo
15、r the sake of learning.D.One who can spend much time with his professor.二、Part Vocabulary(总题数：22，分数：40.00)3.Section A_4.Already the class is_about who our new teacher will be.（分数：2.00）A.foreseeingB.speculatingC.fabricatingD.contemplating5.For many patients, institutional care is the most_and benefic
16、ial form of care.（分数：2.00）A.pertinentB.appropriateC.acuteD.persistent6.The automatic doors in supermarkets_the entry and exit of customers with shopping carts.（分数：2.00）A.furnishB.induceC.facilitateD.allocate7.If you want this painkiller, youll have to ask the doctor for a_.（分数：2.00）A.inscriptionB.tr
17、anscriptionC.descriptionD.prescription8.The basic causes are unknown, although certain conditions that may lead to cancer have been_.（分数：2.00）A.identifiedB.guaranteedC.notifiedD.conveyed9.We should_all advanced science and technology to develop our economy.（分数：2.00）A.draw onB.draw inC.draw upD.draw
18、out10.There had been another prison breakout. Five men got away and are still_.（分数：2.00）A.in detailB.at lengthC.at largeD.at a loss11.Helicopters rushed to where Shenzhou 5_for the rescue of Chinas first astronaut.（分数：2.00）A.settled downB.shot downC.touched downD.turned down12.I cant possibly mark y
19、our homework: your handwriting is_. You must spend time in improving it.（分数：2.00）A.illogicalB.illicitC.illegibleD.illusive13.The president gave a_for the visiting heads of the countries.（分数：2.00）A.recessionB.reflectionC.recognitionD.reception14.Section B_15.The very sight of the imposing buildings a
20、ssured these tourists of the significant changes in this city.（分数：2.00）A.instinctiveB.impressiveC.institutionalD.imaginary16.The accepted criteria of adequate diet have been challenged by new discoveries in nutrition.（分数：2.00）A.formationsB.componentsC.standardsD.ingredients17.Senior citizens are adv
21、ised to go in for some creative activities to keep themselves mentally young.（分数：2.00）A.search forB.invest inC.engage inD.work out18.Presumably , excessive consumption of fried foods has serious consequences as has been proved.（分数：2.00）A.TheoreticallyB.PracticallyC.IncrediblyD.Probably19.The sitting
22、-room feels comfortable with the fireplace shedding warm and faint light.（分数：2.00）A.giving offB.calling offC.shaking offD.putting off20.The nasty language of local officials makes them seem very ignorant and rude.（分数：2.00）A.artificialB.indecentC.humorousD.lively21.We shouldnt treat children as peers
23、 or friends, but guide them in making their choices, even if it means with some discipline .（分数：2.00）A.persuasionB.punishmentC.rewardsD.criticism22.Silk, although it is considered a delicate fabric, is in fact very strong, but it is adversely affected by sunlight.（分数：2.00）A.softB.sheerC.fragileD.ref
24、ined23.It is anticipated that this contract will substantially increase sales over the next three years.（分数：2.00）A.apparentlyB.slightlyC.considerablyD.steadily24.The new government embarked upon a program of radical economic reform.（分数：2.00）A.initiatedB.producedC.adoptedD.implemented三、Part Cloze(总题数
25、：1，分数：20.00)Chronic insomnia is a major public health problem. And too many people are using【C1】_therapies, even while there are a few treatments that do work. Millions of Americans lie awake at night counting sheep or have a stiff drink or【C2】_a pill, hoping it will make them sleepy. But experts ag
26、ree all that self-medicating is a bad idea, and the causes of chronic insomnia remain【C3】_. Almost a third of adults have trouble sleeping, and about 10 percent have symptoms of daytime【C4】_that signal true insomnia. But【C5】_the complaints, scientists know surprisingly little about what causes chron
27、ic insomnia, its health consequences and how best to treat it, a panel of specialists brought together by the National Institutes of Health concluded Wednesday. The panel called for a broad range of research into insomnia,【C6】_that if scientists understood its【C7】_causes, they could develop better t
28、reatments. Most, but not all, insomnia is thought to accompany other health problems, from arthritis and depression to cardiovascular disease. The question often is whether the insomnia came first or was a result of the other diseases and how trouble sleeping【C8】_complicates those other problems. Ot
29、her diseases aside, the risk of insomnia seems to increase with age and to be more common among women, especially after their 50s. Smoking, caffeine and numerous【C9】_drugs also affect sleep. The NIH is spending about $200 million this year on sleep-related research, some【C10】_to specific disorders a
30、nd others examining the underlying scientific laws that control the nervous system of sleep. The agency was awaiting the panels review before deciding what additional work should be directed at insomnia.（分数：20.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.unknownB.improperC.unprovenD.uncertain(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.prescribeB.
31、popC.abuseD.experiment(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.anonymousB.mysteriousC.unexpectedD.peculiar(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.deficiencyB.inefficiencyC.malignancyD.impairment(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.for allB.due toC.in addition toD.in that(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.notingB.notifyingC.nominatingD.denoting(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.undertakingB.
32、underliningC.underminingD.underlying(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.in shortB.in essenceC.in turnD.incase(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.subscriptionB.ascriptionC.conscriptionD.prescription(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.targetedB.designatedC.aimedD.designed四、Part Reading Compre(总题数：6，分数：60.00)Can the Internet help patients jump the li
33、ne at the doctors office? The Silicon Valley Employers Forum, a sophisticated group of technology companies, is launching a pilot program to test online “virtual visits“ between doctors at three big local medical groups and about 8, 000 employees and their families. The six employers taking part in
34、the Silicon Valley initiative, including heavy hitters such as Oracle and Cisco Systems, hope that online visits will mean employees wont have to skip work to tend to minor ailment or to follow up on chronic conditions. “With our long commutes and traffic, driving 40 miles to your doctor in your hom
35、etown can be a big chunk of time, “ says Cindy Conway, benefits director at Cadence Design Systems, one of the participating companies. Doctors arent clamoring to chat with patients online for free; they spend enough unpaid time on the phone. Only 1 in 5 has ever E-mailed a patient, and just 9 perce
36、nt are interested in doing so, according to the research firm Cyber Dialogue. “We are not stupid, “ says Stirling Somers, executive director of the Silicon Valley Employers group. “Doctors getting paid is a critical piece in getting this to work. “ In the pilot program, physicians will get $ 20 per
37、online consultation, about what they get for a simple office visit. Doctors also fear theyll be swamped by rambling E-mails that tell everything but whats needed to make a diagnosis. So the new program will use technology supplied by Healinx, an Alameda, Calif. -based start-up. Healinxs “Smart Sympt
38、om Wizard“ questions patients and turns answers into a succinct message. The company has online dialogues for 60 common conditions. The doctor can then diagnose the problem and outline a treatment plan, which could include E-mailing a prescription or a face to face visit. Can E-mail replace the doct
39、ors office? Many conditions, such as persistent cough, require a stethoscope to discover whats wrongand to avoid a malpractice suit. Even Larry Bonham, head of one of the doctors groups in the pilot, believes the virtual doctors visits offer a “very narrow“ sliver of service between phone calls to a
40、n advice nurse and a visit to the clinic. The pilot program, set to end in nine months, also hopes to determine whether online visits will boost worker productivity enough to offset the cost of the service. So far, the Internets record in the health field has been underwhelming. The experiment is “a
41、 huge roll of the dice for Healinx, “ notes Michael Barrett, and analyst at Internet consulting from Forester Research. If the “Web visits“ succeed, expect some HMOs (Health Maintenance Organizations) to pay for online visits. If doctors, employers, and patients arent satisfied, figure on one more E
42、-health start-up to stand down.（分数：10.00）(1).The Silicon Valley employers promote the E-health program for the purpose of_.（分数：2.00）A.rewarding their employeesB.gratifying the local hospitalsC.boosting worker productivityD.testing a sophisticated technology(2).What can be learned about the on-line d
43、octors visits?（分数：2.00）A.They are a quite promising business.B.They are funded by the local government.C.They are welcomed by all the patients.D.They are very much under experimentation.(3).Of the following people, who are not involved in the program?（分数：2.00）A.Cisco System employees.B.Advice nurses
44、 in the clinic.C.Doctors at three local hospitals.D.Oracle executives.(4).According to Para. 2, doctors are_.（分数：2.00）A.reluctant to serve online for nothingB.not interested in web consultationC.too tired to talk to the patients onlineD.content with $20 paid per Web visit(5).“Smart Symptom Wizard“ i
45、s capable of_.（分数：2.00）A.making diagnosesB.producing prescriptionsC.profiling patients illnessD.offering a treatment planIt is common to think that other animals are ruled by instinct whereas humans lost their instincts and ruled by reason, and that this is why we are so much more flexibly intellige
46、nt than other animals. William James, in his book Principles of Psychology, took the opposite view. He argued that human behavior is more flexibly intelligent than that of other animals because we have more instincts than they do, not fewer. We tend to be blind to the existence of these instincts, h
47、owever, precisely because they work so well because they process information so effortlessly and automatically. They structure our thought so powerfully, he argued, that it can be difficult to imagine how things could be otherwise. As a result, we take normal behavior for granted. We do not realize
48、that normal behavior needs to be explained at all. This instinct blindness makes the study of psychology difficult. To get past this problem, James suggested that we try to make the natural seem strange. It takes a mind debauched by learning to carry the process of making the natural seem strange, so far as to ask for the why of an instinctive human act. In our view, William James was righ
