1、医学博士外语模拟试卷 48 及答案解析(总分：182.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Listening Comp(总题数：8，分数：60.00)1.Section A_A.Exercise and warming.B.Warming and chilling.C.Heat and cold.D.Absorption and distribution.A.Smelly.B.Scattered.C.Blocking doors and store shutters.D.Put in bags and boxes.A.Most benign tumors neednt be called
2、 to the attention of a physician.B.People suffering from cancers were born with them.C.The distinction between benign and malignant tumors is consequently always impossible.D.Some tumors change their nature in the course of years, after a period of benign growth.A.She likes to drive when she travels
3、.B.She doesnt want to go to Chicago.C.She doesnt know the cost of the train trip.D.Its cheaper to go to Chicago by car.A.The woman feels rather terrible.B.The woman had an operation.C.The woman has a serious illness.D.The woman wants to go to the hospital.A.To keep the secret.B.To talk to him about
4、the problem.C.To reduce the workload.D.To have a great rest.A.The patients blood pressureB.the patients present conditionC.The cause of the diseaseD.How to deal with the present problemA.Help the woman repair her car.B.Help the woman find a job.C.Cancel the womans appointment for her.D.Take the woma
5、n to her doctors office.A.Bad food.B.Spicy food.C.Cold food.D.Fat food.A.A bridge to Manhattan.B.Skyscrapers at dusk.C.A lot of things in Manhattan.D.A classical night view in Manhattan.A.He moved into his new apartment a couple of months ago.B.Hed like the woman to help him pay the rent.C.He and Pe
6、ter have downloaded a new apartment.D.The apartment might be too expensive for him.A.Saturdays morning.B.Sunday morning.C.This afternoon.D.Tomorrow afternoon.A.To order some medicine for the man.B.To get something for Aunts birthday.C.To buy some items.D.To see some car models.A.Cough.B.Feeling cold
7、.C.Lung infection.D.Wounded by fighting.A.She read it selectively.B.She went over it chapter by chapter.C.She read it slowly.D.She finished it quickly.2.Section B_A.Nausea.B.Fever.C.A cold.D.Diarrhea.A.The stale food he ate.B.The fruit juice he drank.C.Too much food he ate.D.The cold he got.A.Porrid
8、ge.B.Purified water.C.Pizza.D.Apple juice.A.When his stool becomes loose and watery.B.When his diarrhea becomes inconveniently frequent and watery.C.When his lips and mouth are dry.D.When he loses a lot of body fluids.A.It is a mild case of diarrhea.B.It is an urgent case of diarrhea.C.It is improvi
9、ng.D.It is deteriorating.A.There are many controversial issues like the right amount of sleep.B.Among many issues the right amount of sleep is the least controversial.C.People are now moving towards solving many controversial issues.D.The right amount of sleep is a topic of much controversy among do
10、ctors.A.Because few people can wake up feeling fresh and alert.B.Because some people still feel tired with enough sleep.C.Because some people still feel sleepy with enough sleep.D.Because some people go to bed very late at night.A.Sleeping less is good for human development.B.People ought to be pers
11、uaded to sleep less than before.C.It is incorrect to say that people sleep too little.D.Those who can sleep less should be encouraged.A.The author comments on three different opinions.B.The author favors one of the three opinions.C.The author explains an opinion of his won.D.The author revises someo
12、ne elses opinions.A.Because their bodies are fatiguedB.Because some people have a greater inertia than others.C.Because they fall asleep quickly and they are reluctant to get up.D.Because must make up for the lost sleep.A.Psychosocial effects of breast surgery.B.Life crises of cancer patients.C.Fema
13、le self-image in society.D.A womans perception of her identity.A.It may affect a womans physical activity.B.It may affect a womans self-image as a female.C.It may affect a womans perception of idealism.D.It may affect a womans breast reconstruction.A.Because they can put the woman on medication to a
14、id recovery.B.Because they can help the woman find a job if she is unemployed.C.Because they can help the woman find a new partner and remarry.D.Because they can help the woman get over the physical and psychological blow.A.Because they dread that they will have to see a psychiatrist.B.Because they
15、think that anxiety and depression are natural responses.C.Because they cant recover from the psychological blow of the disease.D.Because they fear that the medications they receive are not effective.A.Encouraging her to discuss sexual problems with her partner openly.B.Advising her to see a psychiat
16、rist for further treatment.C.Advising her to reveal the diagnosis of breast cancer to others.D.Advising her to use prosthetic device or undergo breast reconstruction.二、Part Vocabulary(总题数：22，分数：40.00)3.Section A_4.His ideas are invariably condemned as_by his colleagues.（分数：2.00）A.imaginativeB.ingeni
17、ousC.unpracticalD.theoretical5.The majority of nurses are women, but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are in a_.（分数：2.00）A.minorityB.scarcityC.rarityD.minimum6.Professor Johnsons retirement_from next January.（分数：2.00）A.carries into effectB.takes effectC.has effectD.puts into effec
18、t7.Mr. Browns condition looks very serious and it is doubtful if he will_.（分数：2.00）A.pull backB.pull upC.pull throughD.pull out8.Since the early nineties, the trend in most businesses has been toward on-demand, always-available products and services that suit the customers_rather than the companys.（
19、分数：2.00）A.benefitB.availabilityC.suitabilityD.convenience9.This spacious room is_furnished with just a few articles in it.（分数：2.00）A.lightlyB.sparselyC.hardlyD.rarely10.Since she suffered brain damage in the accident, shes just been a_.（分数：2.00）A.vegetableB.vegetarianC.encephalopathyD.autistic11.Urg
20、ent measures should be taken to control the_of the disease.（分数：2.00）A.distributionB.disseminationC.dispersionD.dissipation12.Overdose of sleeping pills can be_so the prescription of them is limited.（分数：2.00）A.deadlyB.fatalC.lethalD.hazard13.Major health systems act as specialized hospitals_patients
21、are referred for sophisticated therapy.（分数：2.00）A.to whichB.in whichC.at whichD.in that14.Section B_15.It would be wildly optimistic to believe that these advances offset such a large reduction in farmland.（分数：2.00）A.take inB.makeupC.cut downD.bring about16.To begin with, it is impossible to come up
22、 with a satisfactory definition of what constitutes happy and unhappy marriage.（分数：2.00）A.explainB.opposeC.representD.propose17.Politicians often use emotional rather than rational arguments to win the support for their actions and ideas.（分数：2.00）A.applicableB.favorableC.sensitiveD.reasonable18.Test
23、s are one way for a teacher to assess how much a student has learned.（分数：2.00）A.observeB.appraiseC.appreciateD.induce19.Through live television, the world is now able to witness historical events as they happen.（分数：2.00）A.reserveB.confirmC.perceiveD.transmit20.Most experts say that the new tax plan
24、will have a negligible effect on the countrys economic problems.（分数：2.00）A.indefiniteB.indispensableC.infiniteD.insignificant21.I dont know how you could have left out the most important fact of all.（分数：2.00）A.omittedB.fabricatedC.pinpointedD.embraced22.Family and cultural beliefs and norms are impo
25、rtant predictors of health-seeking behavior.（分数：2.00）A.formulationsB.standardsC.principlesD.notions23.There must be a systematic approach to retrieving notes and analyzing them.（分数：2.00）A.regainingB.relievingC.reversingD.rectifying24.To study the distribution of disease within an area, it is useful
26、to plot the cases on a map.（分数：2.00）A.markB.allocateC.eraseD.pose三、Part Cloze(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Exercise is good for people, but most people really know very little about how to exercise properly. So when you try, you may run into trouble. Many people【C1】_that when specific muscles are exercised, the f
27、at in the neighbouring area is “burned up“. Yet the【C2】_is that exercise burns fat from all over the body. Studies show muscles which are not【C3】_lose their strength very quickly. To regain it needs 48 to 72 hours and exercise every other day will keep a normal level of physical strength. To【C4】_wei
28、ght you should always “work up a good sweat“ when exercising. No sweating only【C5】_body temperature to prevent over heating. This is nothing but water loss. 【C6】_you replace the liquid, you replace the weight. Walking is the best and easy-to-do exercise. It helps the circulation of blood throughout
29、the body, and has a direct【C7】_on your overall feeling of health. Experience says that 20 minutes exercise a day is minimum amount. 【C8】_your breathing doesnt return to normal state within minutes after you finish【C9】_. youve done【C10】_.（分数：20.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.understandB.believeC.hopeD.know(2)
30、.【C2】（分数：2.00）A.replyB.possibilityC.truthD.reason(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.exercisedB.examinedC.protectedD.cured(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.loseB.gainC.keepD.burn(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.raisesB.reducesC.destroysD.keeps up(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.WhileB.OnceC.AsD.Whenever(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.effectB.useC.usageD.affect(8).【C8】（分数
31、：2.00）A.But ifB.ButC.IfD.And if(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.workingB.walkingC.exercisingD.breathing(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.enoughB.muchC.too muchD.much too四、Part Reading Compre(总题数：6，分数：60.00)In the 1962 movie Lawrence of Arabia, one scene shows an American newspaper reporter eagerly snapping photos of men looti
32、ng a sabotaged train. One of the looters, Chief Auda abu Tayi of the Howeitat clan, suddenly notices the camera and snatches it. “Am I in this?“ he asks, before smashing it open. To the dismayed reporter, Lawrence explains, “He thinks these things will steal his virtue. He thinks youre a kind of thi
33、ef. “ As soon as colonizers and explorers began taking cameras into distant lands, stories began circulating about how indigenous peoples saw them as tools for black magic. The “ignorant natives“ may have had a point. When photography first became available, scientists welcomed it as a more objectiv
34、e way of recording faraway societies than early travelers exaggerated accounts. But in some ways, anthropological photographs reveal more about the culture that holds the camera than the one that stares back. Up into the 1950s and 1960s, many ethnographers sought “pure“ pictures of “primitive“ cultu
35、res, routinely deleting modern accoutrements such as clocks and Western dress. They paid men and women to re-enact rituals or to pose as members of war or hunting parties, often with little regard for veracity. Edward Curtis, the legendary photographer of North American Indians, for example, got one
36、 Makah man to pose as a whaler with a spear in 1915even though the Makah had not hunted whales in a generation. These photographs reinforced widely accepted stereotypes that indigenous cultures were isolated, primitive, and unchanging. For instance, National Geographic magazines photographs have tau
37、ght millions of Americans about other cultures. As Catherine Lutz and Jane Collins point out in their 1993 book Reading National Geographic, the magazine since its founding in 1888 has kept a tradition of presenting beautiful photos that dont challenge white, middle-class American conventions. While
38、 dark-skinned women can be shown without tops, for example, white womens breasts are taboo. Photos that could unsettle or disturb, such as areas of the world torn asunder by war or famine, are discarded in favor of those that reassure to conform with the societys stated pledge to present only “kindl
39、y“ visions of foreign societies. The result, Lutz and Collins say, is the depiction of “an idealized and exotic world relatively free of pain or class conflict. “ Lutz actually likes National Geographic a lot She read the magazine as a child, and its lush imagery influenced her eventual choice off a
40、nthropology as a career. She just thinks that as people look at the photographs of other cultures, they should be alert to the choice of composition and images.（分数：10.00）(1).Whats the main idea of the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Photographs taken by Western explorers reflect more Westerners perception of the
41、 indigenous cultures and the Western values.B.There is a complicated relationship between the Western explorers and the primitive peoples.C.Popular magazines such as National Geographic should show pictures of the exotic and idealized worlds to maintain high sales.D.Anthropologists ask the natives t
42、o pose for their pictures, compromising the truthfulness of their pictures.(2).We can infer from the passage that early travelers to the native lands often_.（分数：2.00）A.took pictures with the nativesB.gave exaggerated accounts of the native landsC.asked for pictures from the nativesD.gave the natives
43、 clocks and Western dresses(3).The author mentions the movie Lawrence of Arabia to_.（分数：2.00）A.show how people in the indigenous societies are portrayed by Westerners.B.illustrate how people from primitive societies see cameras as tools of black magic that steal their virtues.C.show how anthropologi
44、sts portray untruthful pictures of native people.D.show the cruel and barbarian side of the native people.(4).“But in some ways, anthropological photographs reveal more about the culture that holds the camera than the one that stares back. “ In this sentence, the “one culture that stares back“ refer
45、s to_.（分数：2.00）A.the indigenous cultureB.the Western cultureC.the academic cultureD.the news business culture(5).With which of the following statements would Catherine Lutz most probably agree?（分数：2.00）A.Reporters from the Western societies should routinely delete modern elements in pictures taken o
46、f the indigenous societies.B.The primitive cultures are inferior to the more advanced Western culture.C.The western media are not presenting a realistic picture of the faraway societies.D.People in the Western news business should try not to challenge the well-established white middle-class values.H
47、aving a few too many drinks can mean more than just a blackout or a bad hangover. People who engage in binge drinking are courting danger, experts warn. Binge drinking is most common at colleges and universities, where many adults treat drinking to excess as a rite of passage. A 1997 study from the
48、Harvard School of Public Health reports that 42. 7% of all college students engage in binge drinking. The well-publicized deaths of several college students from binge drinking in 1997 highlights the risks. An 18-year-old freshman at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology drank himself into a coma and died. A 20-year-old fraternity pledge at Louisiana State University died from alco
