1、英语专业基础英语（翻译）历年真题试卷汇编 22及答案解析(总分：40.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、1 翻译(总题数：20，分数：40.00)1.UNEP（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_2.At every turn, we see cutting edge ideas and technology, born perhaps in a college laboratory or a library, through the spark of a professor, the curiosity of a student, the dynamism of a classroom. The U
2、nited Nations understands the enormous impact of scholarship, innovation and ideas. We are trying to harness that great power to build a better world. A world where human ingenuity will make our homes, communities and consumption patterns socially and environmentally sustainable. A world where resea
3、rch receives the funding and support it needs to defeat disease, deprivation and despair. A world where the“ unlearning“ of intolerance will bridge barriers that still divide nations and peoples.Promoting and advancing these goals is the essence of the United Nations Academic Impact. We have been la
4、ying the groundwork for this initiative for some time now, with great support from the academic community. It will help serve as a clearing house to better match academic innovation with particular areas of work of the United Nations neglected areas of research, countries in need of specific help, r
5、esearch that will help deliver concrete change on the ground, and the best ideas to achieve the Millennium Development Goals by 2015. We can do together in the future. The UN and the academic community already enjoy a strong partnership. Academic Impact will deepen it further for the twenty-first ce
6、ntury. We know about corporate social responsibility in the business world. The Academic Impact aims to generate a global movement of minds to promote a new culture of “intellectual social responsibility. “It is animated by a commitment to certain bedrock principles. Among them: freedom of inquiry,
7、opinion and speech, educational opportunity for all, global citizenship, sustainability and dialogue. The United Nations stands ready to be an active partner with you in ensuring that your knowledge, skills and scholarship advance our universal goals of peace, development and human rights. Thank you
8、 for coming together in support of these noble goals.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_3.European monetary integration（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_4.fuel economic growth（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_5.junk bond（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_6.caller ID telephone（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_7.parkinsonism（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_8.solar cell plate（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_9.open-ended fund（
9、分数：2.00）填空项 1:_10.Gallup Poll（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_11.conditions-based withdrawal（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_12.ATM（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_13.HDTV（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_14.IDD（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_15.CPI（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_16.ASAP（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_17.APEC（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_18.英汉互译：英译汉。(国际关系学院英语笔译、口译专业 2011研，考试科目：英语翻译基础)I established a new High Le
10、vel Panel on Global Sustainability, co-chaired by the Presidents of Finland and South Africa. I am sure you will be pleased to know that Administrator of the China Meteorological Administration, and a distinguished alumnus of this university, is a member of the Panel. I have asked this Panel to offe
11、r a vision for sustainable development and prosperity for a planet under increasing pressure. I have asked them to find integrated solutions to the global challenges of poverty, climate change, water, food, and energy security. These problems are interconnected. The Panel will report back by the end
12、 of 2011. Its work will venture into many issues, many sectors, many cross-cutting areas. I have asked the Panel members to think big, to be bold and ambitious not to shy away from controversy. And I have asked them to be strategic and practical. Their recommendations must be politically viable and
13、lead to tangible progress. Their findings will feed into intergovernmental processes, such as the climate change negotiations. They will play a key part in the Rio 2012 Earth Summit, twenty years after world leaders agreed on Agenda 21, our blueprint for sustainable development.We are seeing some pr
14、ogress on important issues, such as adaptation, technology cooperation and steps to reduce deforestation. I also believe there has been some progress on financing, both on mobilizing 30 billion dollars of fast-start funding over the next three years and also on the 100 billion dollars a year envisio
15、ned by 2020. I am, however, concerned about slow progress in other areas. Among them: setting mitigation targets, monitoring and verification , and the future of the Kyoto Protocol. We must not allow momentum to stall. We must not jeopardize the gains we have made.The UNFCCC process must go forward
16、in Cancun in December. I am therefore calling on all member states, all governments of the world to work together in a spirit of compromise and common sense. Progress on adaptation, technology cooperation, deforestation and finance can achieve powerful results, results that can offer hope and change
17、 the lives of hundreds of millions of people, particularly the world“s poorest and most vulnerable.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_19.Please translate the following English into Chinese(国际关系学院 2010研，考试科目：英语综合(英汉互译)Understanding Key Economic IndicatorsIn these times when market forces appear increasingly complicated
18、 and more volatile, it is all the more important to understand the professional jargon and terminology in the market place in order to be able to better make our investment and business decisions. Understanding key economic indicators will assist in the decision making process, providing a snapshot
19、of the current situation and an insight into the future.Each economic indicator tells us something about the economy or inflation. Gross Domestic Product(GDP)is probably the most important report as it is the whole framework where other economic indicators fall under. Using the textbook formula wher
20、e Gross National Product = Consumption + Investment + Government Spending + Exports -Imports, some of the indicators will fall into the above-mentioned category e. g. retail sales figures will fall under Consumption, construction spending under Investment, to name a few. There are also indicators th
21、at are broader that tell us about the economy itself rather than the component, e. g. employment figures, leading indicators, money supply figures(M3). Inflation figures, Produce Price Index(PPI)and the Consumer Price Index(CPI)will, in short, inform us of the changes in wholesale prices, cost of co
22、nsumer(retail)goods and services respectively.An indicator that is useful must be accurate, timely and reliable. It depends entirely on the integrity of the national statistical system responsible. It is vital to know the accurate components of an indicator. We have to be mindful of the limitation o
23、f these statistical figures too.Some indicators can be historic or extremely volatile, and therefore their value are reduced. It is better to compare the most recent data with earlier months, or take a moving average for the past 3 , 6 or 12 months to smooth the data. It will tell us if there has be
24、en a significant change in trend and whether a new direction is under way.Timeliness of an indicator is also significant. Although the reported figures are important, it is crucial to recognize that markets react to the variance to the consensus forecast than to the absolute change in the indicator.
25、 Markets do not like surprises and can be frustrated with volatility upon subsequent revisions to the numbers published, even though significance of the absolute number diminishes with each passing month.In the U. S. , together with the monthly employment report released on the first Friday of the m
26、onth, an important survey by U. S. National Association of Purchasing Management(NAPM)is released within the first three business day of the mouth, which tracks the economic movements fairly well. These two reports are considered by many as valuable adjunct to the Commerce Department“s index of lead
27、ing indicators.The Index of Leading Economic Indicators(LEI)in the U. S. acts as an early warning system, telling us whenthe economy is about to change direction. This composite index of 11 leading indicators has a good record of providing accurate forecasts. The total index performs better as a pre
28、diction tool than any of its parts. This monthly figure is available on the last business day of the month. As a general rule, turning points in the economy are signalled by three consecutive months of LEI changes in the same direction. This leading indicator is like a lighthouse, giving the rest of
29、 the world economies a glimpse of the direction of the world“s largest economy.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_20.English into Chinese Translation(外交学院 2007研，考试科目：翻译)The new environmental health problems are multiple-created by radiation in all its forms, born of the never-ending stream of chemicals of which pestic
30、ides are a part, chemicals now pervading the world in which we live, acting upon us directly and indirectly, separately and collectively. Their presence casts a shadow that is no less ominous because it is formless and obscure, no less frightening because it is simply impossible to predict the effec
31、ts of lifetime exposure to chemical and physical agents that are not part of the biological experience of man.“ We all live under the haunting fear that something may corrupt the environment to the point where man joins the dinosaurs as an obsolete form of life, “says Dr. David Price of the United S
32、tates Public Health Service. “And what makes these thoughts all the more disturbing is the knowledge that our fate could perhaps be sealed twenty or more years before the development of symptoms. “Where do pesticides fit into the picture of environmental disease? We have seen that they now contamina
33、te soil, water and food, that they have the power to make our streams Ashless and our gardens and woodlands silent and birdless. Man, however, much he may like to pretend the contrary, is part of nature. Can he escape a pollution that is now so thoroughly distributed throughout our world?We know tha
34、t even single exposures to these chemicals, if the amount is large enough, can precipitate acute poisoning. But this is not the major problem. The sudden illness or death of farmers, spraymen, pilots, and others exposed to appreciable quantities of pesticides are tragic and should not occur. For the
35、 population as a whole, we must be more concerned with the delayed effects of absorbing small amounts of the pesticides that invisibly contaminate our world.Responsible public health officials have pointed out that the biological effects of chemicals are cumulative over long periods of time, and tha
36、t are hazard to the individual may depend on the sum of the exposures received throughout his lifetime. For these very reasons the danger is easily ignored. It is human nature to shrug off what may seem to us a vague threat of future disaster. “ Men are naturally most impressed by diseases which hav
37、e obvious manifestations, “says a wise physician, Dr. Rene Dubos, yet some of their worst enemies creep on them unobtrusively.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_英语专业基础英语（翻译）历年真题试卷汇编 22答案解析(总分：40.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、1 翻译(总题数：20，分数：40.00)1.UNEP（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：联合国环境规划署）解析：2.At every turn, we see cutting edge idea
38、s and technology, born perhaps in a college laboratory or a library, through the spark of a professor, the curiosity of a student, the dynamism of a classroom. The United Nations understands the enormous impact of scholarship, innovation and ideas. We are trying to harness that great power to build
39、a better world. A world where human ingenuity will make our homes, communities and consumption patterns socially and environmentally sustainable. A world where research receives the funding and support it needs to defeat disease, deprivation and despair. A world where the“ unlearning“ of intolerance
40、 will bridge barriers that still divide nations and peoples.Promoting and advancing these goals is the essence of the United Nations Academic Impact. We have been laying the groundwork for this initiative for some time now, with great support from the academic community. It will help serve as a clea
41、ring house to better match academic innovation with particular areas of work of the United Nations neglected areas of research, countries in need of specific help, research that will help deliver concrete change on the ground, and the best ideas to achieve the Millennium Development Goals by 2015. W
42、e can do together in the future. The UN and the academic community already enjoy a strong partnership. Academic Impact will deepen it further for the twenty-first century. We know about corporate social responsibility in the business world. The Academic Impact aims to generate a global movement of m
43、inds to promote a new culture of “intellectual social responsibility. “It is animated by a commitment to certain bedrock principles. Among them: freedom of inquiry, opinion and speech, educational opportunity for all, global citizenship, sustainability and dialogue. The United Nations stands ready t
44、o be an active partner with you in ensuring that your knowledge, skills and scholarship advance our universal goals of peace, development and human rights. Thank you for coming together in support of these noble goals.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案： 我们的周围时刻发生着变化，产生着新发明。无论在校园实验室里，还是在大学图书馆中，教授们的思想火花，学生们的
45、好奇善问，课堂的活力互动常常孕育出最前沿的理念和技术。联合国十分清楚知识、创新和理念的巨大作用。我们正努力利用这些巨大的能量来建造一个更美好的世界。在这个世界里，人类的聪明才智将会发挥作用，我们将建造新型的家园和社区，使用社会可持续发展和环境可持续发展的消费模式。在这里，人们将投入更多的资金，加大对研究的支持，努力消除贫困、减少饥饿、增强信心。在这里人们将更加宽容，分割不同国家和民族之间的壁垒将减少。 本届学术影响力国际研讨会的核心便是推动这些目标的实现。为了促成这个项目的展开，在学术界的支持下，我们已经做了一些时日的准备工作，奠定了基础。将学术创新与联合国工作的特定领域(却被研究忽略的领域)
46、，与需要特殊援助的相关国家，与能产生具体变化的研究，与实现 2015年千年发展目标的最好方式相结合，起到了“结算中心”的作用。我们在未来可以携手合作，共同面对。联合国与学术界已经建立了强有力的伙伴关系。“学术影响力”将在 21世纪进一步加深这一关系。我们了解商界企业的社会责任是什么。“学术影响力”旨在通过创立全球论坛，集合最有智慧的思想，支持“知识社会责任”的新文化建设。对一些基本原则的坚持，则使其更具活力。这些原则包括：提出询问的自由，发表言论与观点的自由，所有人获得教育的权利，全球公民身份的获得，可持续发展和发展对话。联合国愿意积极与各位合作，确保你们的知识、技能、学识能够得到应用，推动实
47、现维护和平、促进发展和保障人权的共同目标。）解析：3.European monetary integration（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：欧洲货币一体化）解析：4.fuel economic growth（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：拉动经济增长）解析：5.junk bond（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：垃圾债券）解析：6.caller ID telephone（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：来电显示电话机）解析：7.parkinsonism（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正
48、确答案：帕金森症）解析：8.solar cell plate（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：太阳能电池板）解析：9.open-ended fund（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：开放式基金）解析：10.Gallup Poll（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：盖洛普民意测验）解析：11.conditions-based withdrawal（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：有条件撤军）解析：12.ATM（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：自动提款机）解析：13.HDTV（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：高清晰度电视）解析：14.ID
