1、大学英语六级卷二真题 2016 年 12 月及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：120 分钟)一、Part I Writing (3(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on creation. Your essay should include the importance of creation and measures to be taken to encourage creation. You are required to w
2、rite at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.（分数：106.50）_二、Part II Listening Co(总题数：2，分数：56.80)Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：28.40）A.They were all good at cooking.B.They were particular about food.C.They were proud of their cuisine.D.They were fond of b
3、acon and eggs.A.His parents.B.His friends.C.His schoolmates.D.His parents friends.A.No tea was served with the meal.B.It was the real English breakfast.C.No one of the group ate it.D.It was a little overcooked.A.It was full of excitement.B.It was really extraordinary.C.It was a risky experience.D.It
4、 was rather disappointing.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：28.40）A.The womans relationship with other shops.B.The business success of the womans shop.C.The key to running a shop at a low cost.D.The womans earnings over the years.A.Improve its customer service.B.
5、Expand its business scale.C.Keep down its expenses.D.Upgrade the goods it sells.A.They are sold at lower prices than in other shops.B.They are very-popular with the local residents.C.They are delivered free of charge.D.They are in great demand.A.To follow the custom of the local shopkeepers.B.To att
6、ract more customers in the neighborhood.C.To avoid being put out of business in competition.D.To maintain friendly relationships with other shops.三、Directions: In this (总题数：2，分数：49.70)Questions 9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：28.40）A.They can be used to deliver messages in t
7、imes of emergency.B.They deliver pollutants from the ocean to their nesting sites.C.They carry plant seeds and spread them to faraway places.D.They are on the verge of extinction because of pollution.A.They migrate to the Arctic Circle during the summer.B.They originate from Devon Island in the Arct
8、ic area.C.They travel as far as 400 kilometers in search of food.D.They have the ability to survive in extreme weathers.A.They were carried by the wind.B.They had become more poisonous.C.They were less than on the continent.D.They poisoned some of the fulmars.A.The threats humans pose to Arctic seab
9、irds,B.The diminishing colonies for Arctic seabirds.C.The harm Arctic seabirds may cause to humans.D.The effects of the changing climate on Arctic seabirds.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.30）A.It has decreased.B.It has been exaggerated.C.It has become better un
10、derstood.D.It has remained basically the same.A.It develops more easily in centenarians not actively engaged.B.It is now the second leading cause of death for centenarians.C.It has had no effective cure so far.D.It calls for more intensive research.A.They care more about their physical health.B.Thei
11、r quality of life deteriorates rapidly.C.Their minds fall before their bodies do.D.They cherish their life more than ever.四、Section C(总题数：3，分数：142.00)Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.（分数：42.60）A.They are focused more on attraction than love.B.They were done by his fo
12、rmer colleague at Yale.C.They were carried out over a period of some thirty years.D.They form the basis on which he builds his theory of love.A.The relationship cannot last long if no passion is involved.B.Intimacy is essential but not absolutely indispensable to love.C.It is not love if you dont wi
13、sh to maintain the relationship.D.Romance is just impossible without mutual understanding.A.Which of them is considered most importantB.Whether it is true love without commitment.C.When the absence of any one doesnt affect the relationship.D.How the relationship is to be defined if any one is missin
14、g.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.（分数：56.80）A.Social work as a profession.B.The history of social work.C.Academic degrees required of social work applicants.D.The aim of the National Association of Social Workers.A.They try to change peoples social behavior.B.They h
15、elp enhance the well-being of the underprivileged.C.They raise peoples awareness of the environment.D.They create a lot of opportunities for the unemployed.A.They have all received strict clinical training.B.They all have an academic degree in social work.C.They are all members of the National Assoc
16、iation.D.They have all made a difference through their work.A.The promotion of social workers social status.B.The importance of training for social workers.C.Ways for social workers to meet peoples needs.D.Social workers job options and responsibilities.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording
17、you have just heard.（分数：42.60）A.To fight childhood obesity.B.To help disadvantaged kids.C.To encourage kids to play more sports.D.To urge kids to follow their role models.A.They best boost product sales when put online.B.They are most effective when appearing on TV.C.They are becoming more and more
18、prevalent.D.They impress kids more than they do adults.A.Always place kids interest first.B.Do what they advocate in public.C.Message positive behaviors at all times.D.Pay attention to their image before children.五、Part III Reading Com(总题数：1，分数：35.50)Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following pas
19、sage. The tree people in the Lord of the Rings-the Ents-can get around by walking. But for real trees, its harder to uproot. Because theyre literally rooted into the ground, they are unable to leave and go（26）_. When a tree first starts growing in a certain area, its likely that the（27）_envelopethe
20、temperature, humidity, rainfall patterns and so on-suits it. Otherwise, it would be unable to grow from a seedling. But as it（28）_, these conditions may change and the area around it may no longer be suitable for its（29）_. When that happens, many trees like walnuts, oaks and pines, rely（30）_ on so-c
21、alled “scatter hoarders,“ such as birds, to move their seeds to new localities. Many birds like to store food for the winter, which they（31）_ retrieve.when the birds forget to retrieve their food-and they do sometimes-a seedling has a chance to grow. The bird Clarks nutcracker, for example, hides up
22、 to 100,000 seeds per year, up to 30 kilometers away from the seed source, and has a very close symbiotic (共生的) relationship with several pine species, most（32）_the whitebark pine. As trees outgrow their ideal（33）_in the face of climate change, these flying ecosystem engineers could be a big help in
23、（34）_ trees. Its a solution for us-getting birds to do the work is cheap and effective-and it could give（35）_oaks and pines the option to truly “make like a tree and leave. “ A. ages B. breathing C. climatic D. elsewhere E. exclusively F. forever G. fruitful H. habitats I. legacy J. notably K. offsp
24、ring L. replanting M. subsequently N. vulnerable O. Withdraws （分数：35.50）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.
25、J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.六、Section B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)The American Workplace Is Broken. Heres How We Can Start Fixing It. A Americans are working longer and harder hours than ever before.83% of workers say theyre stressed about their jobs, nearly 50% say
26、work-related stress is interfering with their sleep, and 60% use their smartphones to check in with work outside of normal working hours. No wonder only 13% of employees worldwide feel engaged in their occupation. B Glimmers (少许) of hope, however, are beginning to emerge in this bruising environment
27、: Americans are becoming aware of the toll their jobs take on them, and employers are exploring ways to alleviate the harmful effects of stress and overwork. Yet much more work remains to be done. To call stress an epidemic isnt exaggeration. The 83% of American employees who are stressed about thei
28、r jobs-up from 73% just a year before-say that poor compensation and an unreasonable workload are their number-one sources of stress. And if you suspected that the workplace had gotten more stressful than it was just a few decades ago, youre right. Stress levels increased 18% for women and 24% for m
29、en from 1983 to 2009. Stress is also starting earlier in life, with some data suggesting that todays teens are even more stressed than adults. C Stress is taking a significant toll on our health, and the collective public health cost may be enormous. Occupational stress increases the risk of heart a
30、ttack and diabetes, accelerates the aging process, decreases longevity, and contributes to depression and anxiety, among numerous other negative health outcomes. Overall, stress-related health problems account for up to 90% of hospital visits, many of them preventable. Your job is “literally killing
31、 you,“ as The Washington Post put it. Its also hurting our relationships. Working parents say they feel stressed, tired, rushed and short on quality time with their children, friends and partners. D Seven in 10 workers say they struggle to maintain work-life balance. As technology (and with it, work
32、 emails) seeps (渗入) into every aspect of our lives, work-life balance has become an almost meaningless term. Add a rapidly changing economy and an uncertain future to this 24/7 connectivity, and youve got a recipe for overwork, according to Phyllis Moen. “Theres rising work demand coupled with the i
33、nsecurity of mergers, takeovers, downsizing and other factors,“ Moen said. “Part of the work-life issue has to talk about uncertainty about the future.“ E These factors have converged to create an increasingly impossible situation with many employees overworking to the point of burnout. Its not only
34、 unsustainable for workers, but also for the companies that employ them. Science has shown a clear correlation between high stress levels in workers and absenteeism ( 旷工 ), reduced productivity, disengagement and high tttrnover. Too many workplace policies effectively prohibit employees from develop
35、ing a healthy work-life balance by barring them from taking time off, even when they need it most. F The U. S. trails far behind every wealthy nation and many developing ones that have family-friendly work policies including paid parental leave, paid sick days and breast-feeding support.according to
36、 a 2007 study. The U. S. is also the only advanced economy that does not guarantee workers paid vacation time, and its one of only two countries in the world that does not offer guaranteed paid maternity leave. But even when employees are given paid time off, workplace norms and expectations that pr
37、essure them to overwork often prevent them from taking it. Fulltime employees who do have paid vacation days only use half of them on average. G Our modern workplaces also operate based on outdated time constraints. The practice of clocking in for an eight-hour workday is a leftover from the days of
38、 the Industrial Revolution, as reflected in the then-popular saying, “Eight hours labor, eight hours recreation, eight hours rest.“ H Weve held on to this workday structure-but thanks to our digital devices, many employees never really clock out. Today, the average American spends 8.8 hours at work
39、daily, and the majority of working professionals spend additional hours checking in with work during evenings, weekends and even vacations. The problem isnt the technology itself, but that the technology is being used to create more flexibility for the employer rather than the employee. In a competi
40、tive work environment, employers are able to use technology to demand more from their employees rather than motivating workers with flexibility that benefits them. I In a study published last year, psychologists coined the term “workplace telepressure“ to describe an employees urge to immediately re
41、spond to emails and engage in obsessive thoughts about returning an email to ones boss, colleagues or clients. The researchers found that telepressure is a major cause of stress at work, which over time contributes to physical and mental burnout. Of the 300 employees participating in the study, thos
42、e who experienced high levels of telepressure were more likely to agree with statements assessing burnout, like “Ive no energy for going to work in the morning,“ and to report feeling fatigued and unfocused. Telepressure was also correlated with sleeping poorly and missing work. J Harvard Business S
43、chool professor Leslie Perlow explains that when people feel the pressure to be always “on,“ they fmd ways to accommodate that pressure, including altering their schedules, work habits and interactions with family and friends. Perlow calls this vicious cycle the “cycle of responsiveness“ : Once boss
44、es and colleagues experience an employees increased responsiveness, they increase their demands on the employees time. And because a failure to accept these increased demands indicates a lack of commitment to ones work, the employee complies. K To address skyrocketing employee stress levels, many co
45、mpanies have implemented workplace wellness programs, partnering with health care providers that have created programs to promote employee health and well-being. Some research does suggest that these programs hold promise. A study of employees at health insurance provider Aetna revealed that roughly
46、 one quarter of those taking in-office yoga and mindfulness classes reported a 28% reduction in their stress levels and a 20% improvement in sleep quality. These less-stressed workers gained an average of 62 minutes per week of productivity. While yoga and meditation (静思) are scientifically proven t
47、o reduce stress levels, these programs do little to target the root causes of burnout and disengagement. The conditions creating the stress are long hours, unrealistic demands and deadlines, and work-life conflict. L Moen and her colleagues may have found the solution. In a 2011 study, she investiga
48、ted the effects of implementing a Results Only Work Environment (ROWE. on the productivity and well-being of employees at Best Buys corporate headquarters. M For the study,325 employees spent six months taking part in ROWE, while a control group of 334 employees continued with their normal workflow.
49、 The ROWE participants were allowed to freely determine when, where and how they worked-the only thing that mattered was that they got the job done. The results were striking. After six months, the employees who participated in ROWE reported reduced work-family conflict and a better sense of control of their time, and they were getting a full hour of extra sleep ea
