1、大学英语四级 132 及答案解析(总分：746.55，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Global Shortage of Fresh Water. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese)
2、below: 1人们以为淡水是取之不尽的(提示：雨水、河水、井水) 2实际上淡水是非常紧缺的(提示：人口增加，工业用水增加，污染) 3我们应该怎么办 （分数：30.00）_二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)How to be a great test taker Sometimes it seems that life is just one big test. Pop quizzes. Chapter tests. Final exams. The daunting national examinations for those planning t
3、o go to college. You cant even get your drivers license without passing a test. “Tests are a part of life, says Judy S. Richardson, professor of reading at Virginia Common wealth University in Richmond, Virginia. “We take tests all of the time. I recently had to take one, even at my age, just to app
4、ly for a research grant. We may have to take them to apply for a job; or to joint the armed forces.“ Importance of Tests Tests are not just commonplace; theyre also important. “Our society places an emphasis on test scores,“ says Maureen D. Gillette, associate dean of the College of Education at Wil
5、liam Paterson University in New Jersey. “Most colleges and universities look at SAT or ACT tests as a measure of a students potential for success in college. Students should realize that some people and institutions will make certain judgments about them, whether accurate or not, based on test score
6、s.“ Talk about pressure! With so much depending on the results, exams can be over whelming. But they dont have to be. The right frame of mind and the use of smart test taking strategies can help any student succeed. Benefits of Tests Too often, people take a negative view of tests. Yet they actually
7、 have some positive features, according to Richardson. “Tests help us practice sharp, alert thinking,“ she says. “Answering test questions involves more than knowing a specific, literal answer. It also means knowing how to read between the lines, and then apply it to a situation. That is what we are
8、 expected to do every day, and so tests may help us be ready for that daily experience. Goals of Test-taking In addition to these benefits, though, the primary goal in test taking is to do well. For some students, the objective might be a passing score. For others, the desired outcome might be an A
9、grade. But what is the best guarantee of doing well in the testing process? Proper Preparation The most basic factor, experts agree, is preparation. “Always be prepared for the test, Richardson advises. “Take notes, ask questions, read the material, guess what the teacher will be asking. Then when y
10、ou see the test, you will have a confident reaction. You will be able to think clearly and do better on the test.“ On the other hand, failing to prepare is the biggest mistake you can make. This may seem obvious. But in addition to lacking the necessary knowledge, lack of preparation can weaken your
11、 mental state. “If you do not prepare all along, when you see the test, you may panic,“ Richardson notes. When fear creeps in, even the best student is unlikely to succeed. Making Use of Your Materials Preparing for exams can include a variety of strategies. At a minimum, any important material shou
12、ld be read at least once, and preferably more, until you have absorbed the main points. Simply scanning over textbooks or notes is not enough. “Reading it once is not studying,“ says Dr. Michael Epstein, professor of psychology at Rider University in New Jersey. He advocates taking a structured appr
13、oach in which students review information both before a test and afterward. Before taking an exam, you should commit important concepts to memory through focused study. Try using whatever memory techniques work best for you. This might mean writing notes, asking yourself questions and then answering
14、 them aloud, or employing clever memory devices. Managing Time Key to the process is time management. Dont assume you can wait until the last minute and then make up for lost study time. Rather, be sure to prepare in advance. After all, you know tests will be coming up in virtually every course you
15、take. Similarly, test dates for standardized test are published months ahead of the actual dates. “The most effective way to study for a test is to review briefly all along and then re view some more before the test,“ Richardson says. “Cramming is not too effective.“ Advance preparation need not be
16、a solitary process. In fact, most teachers will work with you because they want students to succeed. So in the days or weeks preceding an ex am, make sure to consult with your teacher and determine just what to expect. According to Dr. Douglas B. Reeves, author of The 20-Minute Learning Connection,
17、A Practical Guide for Parents Who Want to Help Their Children Succeed in School, asking questions far in advance of a test is always a good idea. Techniques of Advance Preparation “First, learn the rules of the game,“ “he says. “Its OK to ask the teacher what the test covers. Teachers appreciate it
18、when students express an interest and want to do well. You are not cheating if you ask about the material on the test and the types of questions that will be used. Another strategy is to create practice test questions. Put yourself in the teachers shoes, “Reeves says. “How would you test someone abo
19、ut this material.? Of course, you cant create test questions unless you take time to read and learn the material.“ Dont just mimic the efforts of other students. Analyze your own learning style, and employ methods that work best for you. “Learn the ways you learn best,“ says Richardson. “I learn by
20、taking notes and making charts. Some learn by making diagrams. Be active in listening to your teacher and reading the material. And try to summarize in your own mind what you learned each day. You can do this in the car on the way home, on the bus, and so forth-it takes just minutes to do.“ Another
21、tip is to hone your writing skills. “Of all the skills you can practice, the mastery of nonfiction writing is the one that will help you most in almost any test situation,“ says Reeves. “Even with a multiple-choice test, practice writing the reasons that a given answer: is right or wrong. Tackling S
22、tandardized Tests What about standardized tests such as the SAT? Many of the same strategies apply as for other types of examinations. In addition, its wise to avoid getting caught up too much in the hype often associated with these exams. “Prepare, but dont stress out,“ says Gillette. “If you study
23、 hard during the year, take appropriate courses in school, and do some test preparation, it is likely that you will do fine.“ She adds that it can be worthwhile to take step such as purchasing commercially made practice test material, studying in small groups as well as alone, doing practice problem
24、s, and using the answer key to discuss right and wrong answers. “With measures like these, good students should have all the preparation they need,“ Gillette notes. “Many parents spend a lot of money on test preparation courses. Some people may value this route, but I really do not think it is neces
25、sary.“ On-line Preparation If youd like to learn more about test-taking strategies, check out books on the subject along with Web sites such as the one provided by the National Council of Teachers of English at www. ncte. org. But dont depend too heavily on the World Wide Web. “Remember, you can dro
26、wn in Internet information,“ Reeves says. “When you are preparing for a test, you need focus, not 300 pages downloaded from the Web. Learn the rules of the game, get the information, you need, and then write practice questions and practice responses. Thats your best plan.“ （分数：71.00）(1).The passage
27、gives a general description of the ways to prepare for tests. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).Most colleges and universities look at SAT or ACT tests as a measure of a students potential for success in college. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).For some students, the objective might be a D. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).Simpl
28、y scanning over textbooks or notes is not enough. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).Before taking an exam, you shouldnt commit important concepts to memory through focused study. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(6).Cramming is not too effective although it may be your only option. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(7).You are not cheatin
29、g if you ask about the material on the test and the types of questions that will be used. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(8).Some learn by taking notes and making charts and others learn by 1. （分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(9).Dont depend too heavily on the 1. （分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(10).When you are preparing for a test, you need
30、focus, not 300 pages 1. （分数：7.10）填空项 1:_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.Hes indifferent toward it.B.He enjoys it.C.He hates it.D.He minds working overtime.A.She would rather watch television than go to the theater.B.She doesnt like to go out in the evening.C.Shes never been to the theater be
31、fore.D.She wants to watch some television before she goes out.A.$29.B.$50.C.$25.D.$30.A.She has totaled up the figure correctly already.B.She hopes the man will do the calculation as soon as possible.C.Tomorrow will be too late to submit the figures.D.They could finish the calculation tomorrow.A.The
32、 man will probably go to Canada for his vacation.B.The man probably waits until summer to go to Mexico.C.The man will probably not go to Canada for his vacation.D.The man will probably stay home during his vacation.A.At the bank.B.At the hospital.C.At the hotel.D.At the department store.A.Doctor and
33、 patient.B.Passenger and bus driver.C.Daughter and father.D.Customer and merchant.A.They are skating.B.They are swimming.C.They are playing chess.D.They are running.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.Through what ways the woman would tackle problems.B.How she became an assistant manager so young.C.What sh
34、e would do if she refused to carry out an order.D.What would happen if she refused to carry out an order.A.She has had problems of authority.B.She became an assistant manager recently.C.She became a manager recently.D.She became an assistant manager a few years ago.A.She came to discuss a problem wi
35、th the man.B.She came to introduce herself to the man.C.She wanted to be an assistant manager.D.She came to apply for a management position.A.Because she has a great deal of experience in senior management.B.Because she has a lack of experience in senior management.C.Because she would bring a new ap
36、proach to the job.D.Because she is a member of the institute of personnel managers.A.She is waiting for the man.B.She is waiting for her mother.C.She is waiting for a bus.D.She is waiting for it to stop raining.A.Cold.B.Very hot.C.Cooler than the weather on the day of this conversation.D.Drier than
37、the weather on the day of this conversation.A.Florida.B.New York.C.California.D.Indiana.A.Every ten minutes.B.At twenty to one.C.Every thirty minutes.D.Once a day.A.The museums are a financial success.B.The public should support cultural institutions.C.Crocker Bank wants new depositors.D.People are
38、leaving New York too rapidly.A.They have hotels and stores.B.Hotels are beside the museums.C.Tourists are brought to the city by them to spend money.D.They need money to build the museums.A.Too many hotels in the cities.B.Not enough tourists.C.Reduction in government support.D.People are hot interes
39、ted in art any more.A.Because there are no signs to direct them.B.Because no tour guides are available.C.Because all the buildings in the city look alike.D.Because the university is everywhere in the city.A.They set their own exams.B.They select their own students.C.They award their own degrees.D.Th
40、ey organize their own laboratory work.A.Most of them have a long history.B.Many of them are specialized libraries.C.They house more books than any other university library.D.They each have a copy of every book published in Britain.A.Very few of them are engaged in research.B.They were not awarded de
41、grees until 1948.C.They have outnumbered male students.D.They were not treated equally until 1881 .A.Property owned by a group of people.B.Privately-owned property.C.Government-owned property.D.Peoples joint effort to share and protect natural resources.A.Because it is financed by the government.B.B
42、ecause the rules are in accordance with the traditional values.C.Because people are forced by the government to obey the rules.D.Because people are told the importance to protect the environment.A.Limiting the amount of fish to be caught.B.Forbidding the killing of wild animals.C.Controlling land ar
43、ea.D.Protecting irrigation water.A.People in some developing countries have realized that the worlds resources are limited.B.People in developed countries do not care much about common property.C.Laws have to be passed to protect natural resources.D.Developing countries are short of resources.六、Sect
44、ion C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Music which is (36) 1is individual and personal. That is to say, it can be (37) 2as belonging to a particular composer. It has particular (38) 3, or a style, which are not copied from one another. If you can (39) 4the style of a composer, you will probably be able to tell that a
45、 certain composition belongs to him or her even though you have never heard it before. A basket-maker has the skill of weaving and interweaving his materials to create colorful patterns, and an (40) 5carpenter has the skill of joining together different shapes and sizes of wood to make a beautiful p
46、iece of (41) 6. These skills may be referred to as “workmanship“. (42) 7, in music a composer organizes his (43) 8 and rhythms and combines sounds to create harmony. (44) 9. Good music expresses feelings in a way that is suitable to those feelings. These may be joy, sorrow, fear, love, anger, or wha
47、tever. (45) 10. Good music will stand the test of time. It will not go out of fashion but will continue to be enjoyed and respected long after it is first introduced. (46) 11. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：355.0
48、0)One of the surviving traditions in historic Stone Town is the coffee baraza. Baraza means “gathering of people“ , and here refers specifically to small crowds of people who gather over a cup of kahawa for the latest gossip. Historically the elders, or “wazee“ , would congregate in the centre while the young would line the fringes. Age denoted respect. Today, the baraza atmosphere is less formal, and reflects the local flavour or atmosphere. Some barazas are located in places with colourful names, such as “
