1、公共英语(五级)4 及答案解析(总分：7.00，做题时间：120 分钟)一、Section II Use of E(总题数：1，分数：1.00)Perhaps there are far 【B1】 wives than I imagine who take it for 【B2】 that housework is neither satisfying nor even important once the basic demands of hygiene and feeding have been 【B3】 But home and family is the one realm in 【B
2、4】 it is really difficult to shake free of ones upbringing and 【B5】 new values. My parents house was impeccably kept; cleanliness was a moral and social virtue, and personal untidiness, visibly old clothes, or long male hair provoked biting jocularity. If that 【B6】 been all, maybe I could have adapt
3、ed myself 【B7】 housework on an easy-going, utilitarian basis, refusing the moral overtones 【B8】 still believing in it as something constructive 【B9】 it is part of creating a home. But at the same time my mother 【B10】 to resent doing it, called it drudgery, and convinced me that it wasnt a fit activi
4、ty for an intelligent being. I was the only child, and once I was at school there was no 【B11】 why she should have continued 【B12】 her will to remain housebound, unless, as I suspect, my father would not hear of her having a job of her own. I can now begin to 【B13】 why a woman in a small suburban ho
5、use, with no infants to look after, who does not 【B14】 reading because she has not had much of an education, and who is intelligent 【B15】 to find neighborly chit-chat boring, should carry the pursuit of microscopic specks of dust to the 【B16】 of fanaticism in an 【B17】 to fill hours and salvage her s
6、elf-respect. My parents had not even the status-seeking impetus to send me to university that Joes had; my mother 【B18】 me to be “a nice quiet person who wouldnt be 【B19】 in a crowd“ , and it was feared that university education 【B20】 in ingratitude (independence). （分数：1.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项
7、1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、Section III Reading(总题数：3，分数：3.00)The estimates of the numbers of home-schooled children vary widely. The U.S. Department of Education estimates there are 250,000 to 350,000 home-scho
8、oled children in the country. Home-school advocates put the number much higher at about a million. Many public school advocates take a harsh attitude toward home-schoolers, perceiving their actions as. the ultimate slap in the face for public education and a damaging move for the children. Home-scho
9、olers harbor few kind words for public schools, charging shortcomings that range from lack of religious perspective in the curriculum to a herdlike approach to teaching children. Yet, as public school officials realize they stand little to gain by remaining hostile to the home-school population, and
10、 as home-schoolers realize they can reap benefits from public schools, these hard lines seem to be softening a bit. Public schools and home-schoolers have moved closer to tolerance and, in some cases, even cooperation. Says John Marshall, an education official, “ We are becoming relatively tolerant
11、of home-schoolers. The idea is, Lets give the kids access to public school so theyll see its not as terrible as theyve been told, and theyll want to come back. Perhaps, but dont count on it, say home-school advocates. Home-schoolers oppose the system because they have strong convictions that their a
12、pproach to education whether fueled by religious enthusiasm or the individual childs interests and natural pace is best. “The bulk of home-schoolers just want to be left alone,“ says Enge Cannon, associate director of the National Center For Home Education. She says home-schoolers choose that path f
13、or a variety of reasons, but religion plays a role 85% of the time. Professor Van Galen breaks home-schoolers into two groups. Some home-schoolers want their children to learn not only traditional subject matters but also “ strict religious doctrine and a conservative political and social perspectiv
14、e. Not incidentally, they also want their children to learn both intellectually and emotionally that family is the most important institution in society. “ Other home-schoolers contend “not so much that the schools teach heresy, but that, schools teach whatever they teach inappropriately,“ Van Galen
15、 writes. “ These parents are highly independent and strive to take responsibility for their own lives within a society that they define as bureaucratic and inefficient. “ （分数：1.00）(1).According to the passage, home-schoolers are those who_.（分数：0.20）A.engage private teachers to provide additional edu
16、cation for their childrenB.educate their children at home instead of sending them to schoolC.advocate combining public education with home schoolingD.dont go to school but are educated at home by their parents(2).Public schools are softening their position on home-schooling because_.（分数：0.20）A.there
17、 isnt much they can go to change the present situationB.they want to show their tolerance of different teaching systemsC.home-schooling provides a new variety of education for childrenD.public schools have so many problems that they cannot offer proper education for all children(3).Home-school advoc
18、ates are of the opinion that_.（分数：0.20）A.things in public schools are not so bad as has often been saidB.their tolerance of public education will attract more kids to public schoolsC.home-schooling is superior and, they will not easily give inD.their increased cooperation with public school will bri
19、ng about the improvement of public education(4).Most home-schoolers opposition to public education stems from their_.（分数：0.20）A.respect for the interests of individualsB.worry about the inefficiency of public schoolsC.concern with the cost involvedD.devotion to religion(5).According to Van Galen som
20、e home-schoolers believe that_.（分数：0.20）A.public schools take up a herdlike approach to teaching childrenB.teachers in public schools are not as responsible as they should beC.public schools cannot provide an education that is good enough for their childrenD.public schools are the source of bureaucr
21、acy and inefficiency in modern societyPaul Straussmann, retired vice president of Xerox, indicates in his book Information Pay-off that “almost half of the U. S. information workers are in executive, managerial, administrative and professional positions“. He further states that “managers and profess
22、ionals spend more than half of their time in communicating with each other“. In other words, people are a corporations most expensive resource. For a typical office, over 90% of the operating budget is for salaries, benefits and over head. With this investment, is it any wonder that managers are foc
23、using more and more attention on employee productivity? They realize that the paper jungle cannot be tamed simply by hiring more people. To receive a return on their investment, wise corporate executive officers are realizing what industrialists and agriculturists learned long ago efficient tools ar
24、e essential for increased productivity. A direct relationship exists between efficient flow of information and the quality and speed of the output of the end product. For those companies using technology, the per document cost of information processing is only a fraction of what it was a few years a
25、go. The decreasing cost of computers and peripherals (equipment tied to the computer) will continue to make technology a cost-effective tool in the future. An example of this type of savings is illustrated in the case of the Western Division of General Telephone and Electronics Company ( GTE ). By m
26、aking a one-time investment of $10 million to automate its facilities, management estimates an annual saving of $8.5 million for the company. This savings is gained mainly through the elimination of support people once needed for proposal projects. Through a telecommunications network that supports
27、150 computer terminals with good graphics capabilities, the engineers who conceptualize the projects are now direct participants. They use the graphics capacities of the computer rather than rely on drafters to prepare drawings, they enter their own text rather than employ typists, and they use the
28、network to track project progress rather than conducting meetings. （分数：1.00）(1).In the first paragraph, the author quotes Straussmanns words in order to make clear_.（分数：0.20）A.the importance of communicative capability in businessB.the need for people of higher positions in a companyC.the importance
29、 of assigning people to proper positionsD.the necessity for people in higher positions to know information science(2).Todays corporate executive officers resemble the industrialists and agriculturists in the past in their realization of_.（分数：0.20）A.the essential roles of the workers in turning out m
30、ore productsB.the importance of information to a companys developmentC.the importance of technology leading to high employee productivityD.the necessity of providing employees with a comfortable environment(3).Which of the following might be the result from the use of efficient technology in corpora
31、tions?（分数：0.20）A.The quantity of products will be considerably increased.B.The cost of computers will be decreased.C.The per document cost of information processing will be reduced.D.The newest information will be easier to obtain.(4).The GTEs example shows that_.（分数：0.20）A.efficient technology is c
32、ost-effectiveB.many meetings in a company are unnecessaryC.many positions like that of a typist can be done away withD.it doesnt cost much to automate the facilities of a company(5).According to this passage, what is the most expensive resource in a corporation?（分数：0.20）A.Product.B.Human resource.C.
33、Raw materials.D.Clients of the corporation.Bill Gates, the billionaire Microsoft chairman without a single earned university degree, is by his success raising new doubts about the worth of the business worlds favorite academic title: the MBA ( Master of Business Administration). The MBA, a 20th-cent
34、ury product, always has borne the mark of lowly commerce and greed on the tree-lined campuses ruled by purer disciplines such as philosophy and literature. But even with the recession apparently cutting into the hiring of business school graduates, about 79,000 people are expected to receive MBAs in
35、 1993. This is nearly 16 times the number of business graduates in 1960, a testimony to the widespread assumption that the MBA is vital for young men and women who want to run companies some day. “If you are going into the corporate world it is still a disadvantage not to have one,“ said Donald Morr
36、ison, Professor of marketing and management science. “ But in the last five years or so, when someone says, Should I attempt to get an MBA, the answer a lot more is: It depends. “ The success of Bill Gates and other non-MBAs, such as the late Sam Walton of Wal-Mart Stores Inc. , has helped inspire s
37、elf-conscious debates on business school campuses over the worth of a business degree and whether management skills can be taught. The Harvard Business Review printed a lively, fictional exchange of letters to dramatize complaints about business degree holders. The article called MBA hires “ extreme
38、ly disappointing“ and said “ MBAs want to move up too fast, they dont understand politics and people, and they arent able to function as part of a team until their third year. But by then, theyre out looking for other jobs. “ The problem, most participants in the debate acknowledge, is that the MBA
39、has acquired an aura of future riches and power far beyond its actual importance and usefulness. Enrollment in business schools exploded in the 1970s and 1980s and created the assumption that no one who pursued a business career could do without one. The growth was fueled by a backlash against the a
40、ntibusiness values of the 1960s and by the womens movement. Business people who have hired or worked with MBAs say those with the degrees often know how to analyze systems but are not so skillful at motivating people. “ They dont get a lot of grounding in the people side of the business,“ said James
41、 Shaffer, vice-president and principal of the Towers Perrin management consulting firm. （分数：1.00）(1).According to Paragraph 2, what is the general attitude towards business on campuses dominated by purer disciplines?（分数：0.20）A.Scornful.B.Appreciative.C.Envious.D.Realistic.(2).It seems that the contr
42、oversy over the value of MBA degrees has been fueled mainly by_.（分数：0.20）A.the complaints from various employersB.the success of many non-MBAsC.the criticism from the scientists of purer disciplinesD.the poor performance of MBAs at work(3).What is the major weakness of MBA holders according to The H
43、arvard Business Review?（分数：0.20）A.They are usually self-centered.B.They are aggressive and greedy.C.They keep complaining about their jobs.D.They are not good at dealing with people.(4).From the passage we know that most MB As_.（分数：0.20）A.can climb the corporate ladder fairly quicklyB.quit their job
44、s once they are familiar with their workmatesC.receive salaries that do not match their professional trainingD.cherish unrealistic expectations about their future(5).What is the passage mainly about?（分数：0.20）A.Why there is an increased enrollment in MBA programs.B.The necessity of reforming MBA prog
45、rams in business schools.C.Doubts about the worth of holding an MBA degree.D.A debate held recently on university campuses.三、Part B Directions: I(总题数：1，分数：1.00)From her advantage point she watched the main doors swing open and the first arrivals pour in. Those who had been at the head of the line pa
46、used momentarily on entry, looked around curiously, then quickly moved forward as others behind pressed in. Within moments the central public area of the big branch bank was filled with a chattering, noisy crowd. The building, relatively quiet less than a minute earlier, had become a Babel. Edwina s
47、aw a tall heavyset black man wave some dollar bills and declare loudly, “I want to put my money in the bank. “ 66. ( ) It seemed as if the report about everyone having come to open an account had been accurate after all. Edwina could see the big man leaning back expansively, still holding his dollar
48、 bills. His voice cut across the noise of other conversations and she heard him proclaim, “Im in no hurry. Theres something Id like you to explain. “ Two other desks were quickly manned by other clerks. With equal speed, long wide lines of people formed in front of them. Normally, three members of staff were ample to handle new account business, but obviously were inadequate now. Edwina could see Tott
