1、公共英语三级-189(无语音，只提供参考)及答案解析(总分：90.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Liste(总题数：1，分数：20.00)BText/BComparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened U26 /U . As was discussed before, it was not U(27
2、) /U the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic U(28) /U , following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the U(29) /U of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution U(30) /U up, beginning with transport, the railway, and lead
3、ing U(31) /U through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures U(32) /U the 20th-century world of the motor car and the air plane. Not everyone sees that process in U(33) /U . It is important to do so.It is generally recognized, U(34) /U , that the introduction of the computer in the
4、early 20th century, U(35) /U by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process, U(36) /U its impact on the media was not immediately U(37) /U As time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they became “personal“, too, as well as U(38) /U , w
5、ith display becoming sharper and storage U(39) /U increasing. They were thought of, like people, U(40) /U generations, with the distance .between generations much U(41) /U .It was within the computer age that the term “information society“ began to be widely used to describe the U(42) /U within whic
6、h we now live. The communications revolution has U(43) /U both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time, but there have been U(44) /U views about its economic, political, social and cultural implications. “Benefits“ have been weighed U(45) /U “harmful“ outcomes. And gener
7、alizations have proved difficult.（分数：20.00）A.betweenB.beforeC.sinceD.laterA.afterB.byC.duringD.untilA.meansB.methodC.mediumD.measureA.processB.companyC.lightD.formA.gatheredB.speededC.workedD.pickedA.onB.outC.overD.offA.ofB.forC.beyondD.intoA.conceptB.dimensionC.effectD.perspectiveA.indeedB.henceC.h
8、oweverD.thereforeA.broughtB.followedC.stimulatedD.characterizedA.unlessB.sinceC.lestD.althoughA.apparentB.desirableC.negativeD.plausibleA.institutionalB.universalC.fundamentalD.instrumentalA.abilityB.capabilityC.capacityD.facultyA.by means ofB.in terms ofC.with regard toD.in line withA.deeperB.fewer
9、C.nearerD.smallerA.contextB.rangeC.scopeD.territoryA.regardedB.impressedC.influencedD.effectedA.competitiveB.C6ntroversialC.distractingD.irrationalA.aboveB.uponC.againstD.with二、BSection Readi(总题数：3，分数：30.00)BText 1/BArt is fun; it caters to the basic creative instinct which is present in everyone. I
10、t can impart a great feeling of achievement especially to children who as yet have not been able to gain much of a sense of success from their other efforts in life. It also helps backward children to develop mentally and physically. Their confidence grows as they experience success in art, and a co
11、nfident child learns more easily than a tense one. Physically handicapped children benefit because their motor control improves as they attempt to make more delicate movements with their hands and as they gradually impose more control upon themselves.Art is particularly valuable to mentally handicap
12、ped children who find it difficult to communicate their ideas and emotions and who perhaps even find it difficult to comprehend themselves. Subnormal children with very limited vocabularies may find that painting is easier than talking, and through painting they are able to express ideas, emotions,
13、and reactions to situations and experiences.Children need to communicate in two ways. First, they have to convey information to other people, often about their immediate requirements concerning both tangible things “I want to drink.“ or “I want to mention.“ and less tangible things “I want you near
14、me.“ Secondly, they have to communicate with themselves. If children, do not have words to use, their minds are, inevitably, a disorderly mixture of responses to which they can react only emotionally, often with frustrations. Through their paintings such children are not consciously trying to tell o
15、ther people that they have certain feelings, but with the paint they are able to create a concrete, permanent statement of feeling and so the emotion becomes less intense and under more control. Thus, art helps in the same way that acting and fantasy-play help children to regulate their emotions and
16、 recreations, i. e. , by recreating them in a controlled situation. Music, dancing, acting, and storytelling can give similar feelings of satisfaction and offer opportunities which may be of assistance to children either individually or collectively.（分数：10.00）(1).In the authors opinion, art can make
17、 children_.（分数：2.00）A.more strongB.more cleverC.more confidentD.more sensitive(2).What does the word “impart“ (P.1) refers to?（分数：2.00）A.HelpB.GiveC.LoseD.Great(3).In a controlled situation, childrens _ are regulated and recreated by art.（分数：2.00）A.communicationB.immediate requirementsC.comprehensio
18、nD.emotions and reactions(4).It can be inferred from the passage that the function of art is_.（分数：2.00）A.trivialB.commonC.satisfactoryD.significant(5).The best title for this passage may be_.（分数：2.00）A.Art and LanguageB.Art and ChildrenC.Art and the Development of Subnormal ChildrenD.Function of Art
19、BText 2/BWithin 30 years, humans could be debating whether to take charge of their own evolution.The average life span in the developed world will be 90, diseases will be diagnosed before symptoms appear, many humans will already be genetically modified and patients with heart diseases, cancer or da
20、ngerous infections will be treated with prescriptions tailored to their own genetic makeup, according to Francis Collins, one of the leaders of the project to sequence the entire human genome.By 2010, Collins told in a major international biotechnology forum in France this week, there could be predi
21、ctive tests for at least 12 hereditary conditions, and scientists would understand the role that genes played in most common diseases. Embryoes developed by in vitro fertilization methods would be routinely scanned for genetic illnesses.Legislation to prevent genetic discriminationthe creation of an
22、 underclass denied health care, employment or insurance because of this genetic knowledgecould be in place within 10 years.By 2020, the designer drugs based on research on the human genome will be coming on to the market. The pharmaceutical industry would have produced powerful treatments for diabet
23、es, hypertension, heart disease and schizophrenia.By 2030, if all went well, there should be comprehensive health care based on genetic knowledge, with individual medicine based on individual risk. Doctors would understand better the links between genes and environmental factors. Illnesses would be
24、detected much earlier by molecular surveillance, even before symptoms appeared, and therapies would be more effective and more available.Collins also foresaw that by 2030, people would be arguing, as British physicist Stephen Hawking already is, that humans could start to take charge of their own ev
25、olution by altering their genes to improve the species.（分数：10.00）(1).The passage mainly deal with_.（分数：2.00）A.biotechnologyB.gene theoryC.pharmaceuticsD.physics(2).Which is NOT the cause that the average life span in the developed world will be 90?（分数：2.00）A.A lot of peoples genes will already be mo
26、dified.B.Patients with heart diseased, cancer or dangerous infection will be treated with prescriptions tailored to their own genetic makeup.C.Sorne people will have adapted well to environment.D.Diseases will be diagnosed before symptoms appear.(3).Which is NOT mentioned by Collins in the internati
27、onal biotechnology forum?（分数：2.00）A.Within 30 years, humans could be debating whether to take charge of their own evolution.B.By 2010, there could be predictive tests for at least 12 hereditary conditions.C.Scientists would understand the role that genes played in most common diseases.D.Embryoes dev
28、eloped by in vitro fertilization methods would be routinely scanned for genetic illnesses.(4).Francis Collins isnt _.（分数：2.00）A.a biologistB.researcher of the project to sequence the entire human genomeC.leading a team of researchersD.a physicist(5).Humans will take charge of their own evolution by_
29、.（分数：2.00）A.altering their genesB.improving the speciesC.detecting illnessD.developing biotechnologyBText 3/BThe potential of computers for increasing the control of organizations or society over their members and for invading the privacy of those members has caused considerable concern.The privacy
30、issue has been raised most insistently with respect to the creation and maintenance of data files that assemble information about persons from a multitude of sources. Files of this kind would be highly valuable for many kinds of economic and social research, but they are bought at too high a price i
31、f they endanger human freedom or seriously enhance the opportunities of blackmailers. While such dangers should not be ignored, it should be noted that the lack of comprehensive data files has never before been the limiting barrier to the suppression of human freedom.Making the computer the villain
32、in the invasion of privacy or encroachment on civil liberties simply diverts attention from the real dangers. Computer data bank files can and must be given the highest degree of protection from abuse. But we must be careful also, that we do not employ such crude methods of protection as to deprive
33、our society of important data it needs to understand its own social process and to analyze its problems.Perhaps the most important question of all about the computer is what it has come and will do to mans view of himself and his place in the universe. The most heated attacks on the computer are not
34、 focused on its possible economic effects, its presumed destruction of job satisfaction, or its threat to privacy and liberty, but upon the claim that it causes people to be viewed, and to view themselves, as machines.What the computer and the progress in artificial intelligence challenge is an ethi
35、c that rests on mans apartness from the rest of nature. An alternative ethic, of course, views man as a part of nature, governed by nature law, subject to the forces of gravity and the demands of mans body. The debate is about artificial intelligence and the demands of mans body. The debate is about
36、 artificial intelligence and the stimulation of mans thinking is, in considerable part, a confrontation of these two views of mans place in the universe.（分数：10.00）(1).It is very important to prevent the abuse of computer, _.（分数：2.00）A.because it can prevent from resource wastingB.because it can main
37、tain rules and disciplines in societyC.because it can promote economic and social developmentD.because it can protect the right of the individual(2).According to the passage, too much caution in the applying of computers would_.（分数：2.00）A.hinder our research of societyB.result in some economic probl
38、emsC.cause more pressure of human freedomD.bring about some negative effects(3).It can be inferred from the past in this debate that_.（分数：2.00）A.there are still some interference on freedomB.crime has been always been related with progressC.suppression often comes from the accumlation of dataD.priva
39、cy has been neglected for some time(4).The computer has great influence that_.（分数：2.00）A.man could not understand himself easilyB.man often thinks mechanicallyC.man looks at himself in another wayD.man dissatisfies with his work more and more(5).The passage mainly talks about_.（分数：2.00）A.the functio
40、n of the computer in daily lifeB.the influence of the computer to our daily lifeC.the problems of the computer in daily lifeD.the economic effects of the computer三、BPart B/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)BJoho Daly:/BWatching TV occupies our time to communicate with our families. TV provides a ready means of relax
41、ation for people who spend their days doing routine and busy jobs. As soon as TV enters into our home, most of our free time is controlled by it. What is more, the one-eyed monster requires absolute silence and attention. If any member dares to open his mouth, the others order him to shut up immedia
42、tely. Therefore we communicate less with our family members.BJohn Courtis:/BThanks to hardworking TV workers, we enjoy more TV channels and more colorful TV programs. But a question has arisen: it is difficult for families to choose a common channel because they have different interests. It is inevi
43、table to give rise to quarrel among them.BIan Wright:/BFor instance, a person who watches too many idealized programs may become unrealistic. In addition, unhealthy programs which contain obscene and violent contents may cause peoples curiosity.BJohn Wallace:/BChildren can learn a lot of thing by wa
44、tching TV rather than learning negative things. There are many great programs in TV show, such as science and international. When I was a kid, I had always watched science TV show, especially space. It was easiest to learn what I want by watching TV. Moreover, my friends kid always watches internati
45、onal program, which shows different countries kids to speak one word in their own languages. As a result he can say “good morning“ with seven different languages. Watching TV enables to learn a lot of things. In other hand, there are many TV shows which are negative effect on children to watch TV. H
46、owever, parents are able to manipulate TV show by modern technology. Consequently, kids are unable to watch the TV shows that have bad effect on them.BJohn Barnes:/BTV program provides us much topic to talk within family. For example, when I was kid, before we ate dinner, I always watched TV. Then,
47、we could talk about what I had watched before dinner. Everyone in my house talked one topic. Sometimes we talked about animal. Other day we talked not only nature, but also my parents wedding through watching TV. As a result, watching TV gave us many topics in our family.Now match each of the person
48、s (61 to 65) to the appropriate statement.Note: there are two extra statements.BStatements/BA Families often quarrel over what programs they should watch.B Poor-quality TV programs can have severe effects on peoples mood and behavior.C TV is playing a more and more positive role in modern life.D We should reduce the time spent in front of the little screen and spend more time with our families together.E We should choose proper programs at proper time for people in different ages.F There is a way to learn great education by watching TV.G W
