1、专业英语八级33及答案解析 (总分：77.01，做题时间：130分钟)一、PART I LISTENING (总题数：1，分数：1.00)1. Skill to ask questions 1) be aware of the human nature:readiness to answer others questions regardless of (1) 1 2) start a conversation with some personal but unharmful questions e.g. questions about ones (2) 2 job questions abo
2、ut ones activities in the (3) 3 3) be able to spot signals for further talk 2. Skill to (4) 4 for answers 1) dont shift from subject to subject sticking to the same subject: signs of (5) 5 in conversation 2) to (6) 6of voice If people sound unenthusiastic, then change subject. 3) use eyes and ears s
3、teady your gaze while ing 3. Skill to laugh Effects of laughter: ease peoples (7) 7 help start (8) 8 4. Skill to part 1) importance: open up possibilities for future friendship or contact 2) ways: : a smile, a (9) 9 wo: same as (10) 10 now how to express pleasure in meeting someone （分数：1.00）填空项1:_填空
4、项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_二、SECTION B INTERVI(总题数：1，分数：1.00)(1). What is the purpose of Professor McKays report?（分数：0.20）A.To look into the mental health of old people.B.To explain why people have negative views on old age.C.To help correct some false beliefs about old age.
5、D.To identify the various problems of old age.(2). Which of the following is NOT Professor McKays view?（分数：0.20）A.People change in old age a lot more than at the age of 21.B.There are as many sick people in old age as in middle age.C.We should not expect more physical illness among old people.D.We s
6、hould not expect to find old people unattractive as a group.(3). According to Professor McKays report, _.（分数：0.20）A.family love is gradually disappearing.B.it is hard to comment on family feeling.C.more children are indifferent to their parents.D.family love remains as strong as ever.(4). Professor
7、McKay is _towards the tendency of more parents living apart from their children.（分数：0.20）A.negativeB.positiveC.ambiguousD.neutral(5). The only popular belief that Professor McKay is unable to provide evidence against is _.（分数：0.20）A.old-age sickness.B.loose family ties.C.poor mental abilities.D.diff
8、iculties in maths.三、SECTION C NEWS BR(总题数：2，分数：1.00)(1).According to the news, the Italian Parliament was asked to act by （分数：0.25）A.the U.N.B.the Red Cross.C.the Defense Minister.D.the Swedish Government.(2).On the issue of limited use of land mines, the Italian Parliament is（分数：0.25）A.noncommittal
9、.B.resolute.C.unsupportive.D.wavering.(1).According to the news item,_.（分数：0.17）A.both the dollar and the euro were strongB.both the dollar and the euro were weakC.the dollar was strong while the euro was weakD.the dollar was weak while the euro was strong(2).There were worries about the political a
10、nd economic outlook of the European Union,_.（分数：0.17）A.for both France and the Netherlands rejected the EU constitution in referendumsB.for EU jobs growth of last month was the worst in 21 monthsC.for EU manufacturing activity was the slowest in almost two yearsD.for the euro was down a quarter of a
11、 percent against the yen(3).What was British attitudes towards a referendum on the EU constitution?（分数：0.17）A.Call off the plan of referendum.B.Cancel the plan of referendum.C.Go on with the plan of referendum.D.Put aside the plan of referendum.四、PART II GENERAL K(总题数：10，分数：10.00)2. The speech act t
12、heory was first put forward by_.（分数：1.00）A.John Searle.B.John Austin.C.Noam Chomsky.D.M. A. K. Halliday.3. _is defined as an expression of human emotion which is condensed into fourteen lines. _.（分数：1.00）A.Free verseB.SonnetC.OdeD.Epigram4.The majority of the current population in the UK are deceden
13、ts of all the following tribes respectively EXCEPT_.（分数：1.00）A.the Anglos.B.the Celts.C.the Jutes.D.the Saxons.5.The distinctive features of a speech variety may be all the following EXCEPT_.（分数：1.00）A.lexical.B.syntactic.C.phonological.D.psycholinguistic.6.The original inhabitants of Australia were
14、_.（分数：1.00）A.the Red Indians.B.the Eskimos.C.the Aborigines.D.the Maoris.7. Syntax is the study of_.（分数：1.00）A.language functions.B.sentence structures.C.textual organization.D.word formation.8. Which of the following is NOT a romantic poet?（分数：1.00）A.William Wordsworth.B.George Elliot.C.George G. B
15、yron.D.Percy B. Shelley.9._ refers to the study of the internal structure of words and the rules of word formation.（分数：1.00）A.PhonologyB.MorphologyC.SemanticsD.Sociolinguistics10. The President during the American Civil War was_.（分数：1.00）A.Andrew Jackson.B.Abraham Lincoln.C.Thomas Jefferson.D.George
16、 Washington.11.Which of the following novels was written by Emily Bront?（分数：1.00）A.Oliver Twist.B.Middlemarch.C.Jane Eyre.D.Wuthering Heights.五、PART III READING (总题数：4，分数：4.00)I was just a boy when my father brought me to Harlem for the first time, almost 50 years ago. We stayed at the Hotel Theresa
17、, a grand brick structure at 125th Street and Seventh Avenue. Once, in the hotel restaurant, my father pointed out Joe Louis. He even got Mr. Brown, the hotel manager, to introduce me to him, a bit paunchy but still the champ as far as I was concerned. Much has changed since then. Business and real
18、estate are booming. Some say a new renaissance is under way. Others decry what they see as outside forces running roughshod over the old Harlem. New York meant Harlem to me, and as a young man I visited it whenever I could. But many of my old haunts are gone. The Theresa shut down in 1996. National
19、chains that once ignored Harlem now anticipate yuppie money and want pieces of this prime Manhattan real estate. So here I am on a hot August afternoon, sitting in a Starbucks that two years ago opened a block away from the Theresa, snatching at memories between sips of high-priced coffee. I am abou
20、t to open up a piece of the old Harlem the New York Amsterdam News when a tourist asking directions to Sylvias, a prominent Harlem restaurant, penetrates my daydreaming. Hes carrying a book: Touring Historic Harlem. History. I miss Mr. Michauxs bookstore, his House of Common Sense, which was across
21、from the Theresa. He had a big billboard out front with brown and black faces painted on it that said in large letters: World History Book Outlet on 2,000,000,000 Africans and Nonwhite Peoples. An ugly state office building has swallowed that space. I miss speaker like Carlos Cooks, who was always o
22、n the southwest corner of 125th and Seventh, urging listeners to support Africa. Harlems powerful political electricity seems unplugged although the streets are still energized, especially by West African immigrants. Hardworking southern newcomers formed the bulk of the community back in the 1920s a
23、nd 30s, when Harlem renaissance artists, writers, and intellectuals gave it a glitter and renown that made it the capital of black America. From Harlem, W.E.B. DuBois. Langston Hughes, Paul Robeson, Zora Neal Hurston, and others helped power Americas cultural influence around the world. By the 1970s
24、 and 80s drugs and crime had ravaged parts of the community. And the life expectancy for men in Harlem was less than that of men in Bangladesh. Harlem had become a symbol of the dangers of inner-city life. Now, you want to shout Lookin good! at this place that has been neglected for so long. Crowds
25、push into Harlem USA, a new shopping centre on 125th, where a Disney store shares space with HMY Records, the New York Sports Club, and a nine-screen Magic Johnson theatre complex. Nearby, a Rite Aid drugstore also opened. Maybe part of the reason Harlem seems to be undergoing a rebirth is that it i
26、s finally getting what most people take for granted. Harlem is also part of an empowerment zonea federal designation aimed at fostering economic growth that will bring over half a billion in federal, state, and local dollars. Just the shells of once elegant old brownstones now can cost several hundr
27、ed thousand dollars. Rents are skyrocketing. An improved economy, tougher law enforcement, and community efforts against drugs have contributed to a 60 percent drop in crime since 1993. （分数：1.00）(1).At the beginning the author seems to indicate that Harlem（分数：0.25）A.has remained unchanged all these
28、years.B.has undergone drastic changes.C.has become the capital of Black AmericaD.has remained a symbol of dangers of inner-city life.(2).When the author recalls Harlem in the old days, he has a feeling of（分数：0.25）A.indifference.B.discomfort.C.delight.D.nostalgia(3).Harlem was called the capital of B
29、lack America in the 1920s and 30s mainly because of its （分数：0.25）A.art and culture.B.immigrant population.C.political enthusiasm.D.distinctive architecture.(4).From the passage we can infer that, generally speaking, the author（分数：0.25）A.has strong reservations about the changes.B.has slight reservat
30、ions about the changes.C.welcomes the changes in Harlem.D.is completely opposed to the changes.Uncle Geoff My mothers relations were very different form the Mitfords. Her brother, Uncle Geoff, who often came to stay at Swinbrook, was a small, spare man with thoughtful blue eyes and a rather silent m
31、anner. Compared to Uncle Tommy, he was an intellectual of the highest order, and indeed his satirical pen belied his mild demeanor. He spent most of his waking hours composing letters to The Times and other publications in which he outlined his own particular theory of the development of English his
32、tory. In Uncle Geoffs view, the greatness of England had risen and waned over the centuries in direct proportion to the use of natural manure in fertilizing the soil. The Black Death of 1348 was caused by gradual loss of the humus fertility found under forest trees. The rise of the Elizabethans two
33、centuries later was attributable to the widespread use of sheep manure. Many of Uncle Geoffs letters-to-the-editor have fortunately been preserved in a privately printed volume called Writings of A Rebel. Of the collection, one letter best sums up his views on the relationship between manure and fre
34、edom. He wrote: Collating old records shows that our greatness rises and falls with the living fertility of our soil. And now, many years of exhausted and chemically murdered soil, and of devitalized food from it, has softened our bodies and still worse, softened our national character. It is an act
35、ual fact that character is largely a product of the soil. Many years of murdered food from deadened soil has made us too tame. Chemicals have had their poisonous day. It is now the worms turn to reform the manhood of England. The only way to regain our punch, our character, our lost virtues, and wit
36、h them the freedom natural to islanders, is to compost our land so as to allow moulds, bacteria and earthworms to remake living soil to nourish Englishmens bodies and spirits. The law requiring pasteurization of milk in England was a particular target of Uncle Geoffs. Fond of alliteration, he dubbed
37、 it Murdered Milk Measure, and established the Liberty Restoration League, with headquarters at his house in London, for the specific purpose of organizing a counteroffensive. Freedom not Doctordom was the Leagues proud slogan. A subsidiary, but nevertheless important, activity of the League was adv
38、ocacy of a return to the unsplit, slowly smoked fish and bread made with English stone-ground flour, yeast, milk, sea salt and raw cane-sugar. （分数：1.00）(1).According to Uncle Geoff, national strength could only be regained by（分数：0.50）A.reforming the manhood of EnglandB.using natural manure as fertil
39、izer.C.eating more bacteria-free foodD.granting more freedom to Englishmen.(2).The tone of the passage can most probably be described as（分数：0.50）A.facetious.B.serious.C.nostalgicD.factual.The miserable fate of Enron s employees will be a landmark in business history, one of those awful events that e
40、veryone agrees must never be allowed to happen again. This urge is understandable and noble: thousands have lost virtually all their retirement savings with the demise of Enron stock. But making sure it never happens again may not be possible, because the sudden impoverishment of those Enron workers
41、 represents something even larger than it seems. Its the latest turn in the unwinding of one of the most audacious promises of the 20 century. The promise was assured economic securityeven comfortfor essentially everyone in the developed world. With the explosion of wealth that began in the 19th cen
42、tury it became possible to think about a possibility no one had dared to dream before. The fear at the center of daily living since caveman dayslack of food, warmth, shelterwould at last lose its power to terrify. That remarkable promise became reality in many ways. Governments created welfare syste
43、ms for anyone in need and separate programmes for the elderly (Social Security in the U.S.). Labour unions promised not only better pay for workers but also pensions for retirees. Giant corporations came into being and offered the possibilityin some cases the promiseof lifetime employment plus guara
44、nteed pensions. The cumulative effect was a fundamental change in how millions of people approached life itself, a reversal of attitude that must rank as one of the largest in human history. For millennia the average persons stance toward providing for himself had been. Ultimately Im on my own. Now
45、it became. Ultimately Ill be taken care of. The early hints that this promise might be broken on a large scale came in the 1980s. U.S. business had become uncompetitive globally and began restructuring massively, with huge layoffs. The trend accelerated in the 1990s as the bastions of corporate welf
46、are faced reality. IBM ended its no-layoff policy. AT&T fired thousands, many of whom found such a thing simply incomprehensible, and a few of whom killed themselves. The other supposed guarantors of our economic security were also in decline. Labour-union membership and power fell to their lowest l
47、evels in decades. President Clinton signed a historic bill scaling back welfare. Americans realized that Social Security wont provide social security for any of us. A less visible but equally significant trend affected pensions. To make costs easier to control, companies moved away from defined-benefit pension plans, which obligate them to pay out specified amounts years in
