1、专业英语八级-试卷863及答案解析 (总分：142.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、LISTENING COMPREHENS(总题数：6，分数：50.00)1.PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION_2.SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on A
2、NSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task._How Interpreters Work?I. UnderstandingA. Ab
3、out words and expressions【T1】 1 words may be left out: 【T1】 2If not knowing a key word or expression, If not knowing a key word or expression,a) admit or【T2】 3if necessary, with the delegates. 【T2】 4b) deduce from【T3】 5. 【T3】 6B. About ideas/concepts【T4】 7of different kinds of texts that 【T4】 8a) pr
4、esent logical argumentsb) present a sequence of【T5】 9【T5】 10c) are descriptive, focusing on an event, a scene or a situationidentification of【T6】 11【T6】 12analysis of ideas linked by【T7】 13【T7】 14II. Memorization of a speechA. Objectiveto create【T8】 15of the discourse 【T8】 16to link its different pa
5、rts through its semantic-logical connectionsB. Means of memorizationconcentrating on the ideasconnecting main ideas to a series of【T9】 17【T9】 18focusing on the links among the main ideasIII. 【T10】 19of the content in another language【T10】 20A. Goal: make sure the audience understand the speech.B. Su
6、ggestions:enriching ones general【T11】 21【T11】 22following the press in ones native languagewatching TV, see movies, etc. in the【T12】 23language【T12】 24IV. ConclusionA. Interpreting is a profession that is all about communication:make their own speech【T13】 25 the speeches they interpret【T13】 26be fai
7、thful to【T14】 27【T14】 28as accurate as possibleB. Interpreters should take advantage ofall the possible【T15】 29available in their working languages. 【T15】 30（分数：30.00）(1).【T1】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(2).【T2】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(3).【T3】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(4).【T4】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(5).【T5】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(6).【T6】（分数：2.00）填
8、空项1:_(7).【T7】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(8).【T8】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(9).【T9】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(10).【T10】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(11).【T11】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(12).【T12】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(13).【T13】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(14).【T14】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(15).【T15】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_3.SECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear ONE interview. The interv
9、iew will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A , B , C and D ,
10、and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions._A.Business Administrator.B.French Interpreter.C.Marketing Officer Trainee.D.Language trainer.A.French.B.Marketing.C.Both French and Marketing.D.Neither French nor Marketing.A.She cannot af
11、ford to four years tuition.B.She is persuaded by university authorities to do so.C.She regrets entering that university.D.She is older than most undergraduate students.A.French course.B.Artistic activities.C.An internship.D.A job offer.A.She is eager to overcome challenges.B.She is unfriendly to her
12、 colleagues.C.She is capable enough to pass the test.D.She is threatened by tough issues.A.She develops virtually native level of Mandarin.B.Her French is obviously better than English.C.She speaks French on many occasions.D.Her languages are useless at critical moments.A.Supervise apprentice.B.Writ
13、e reference letters.C.Keep records and carry out plans.D.Identify potential talents.A.She once quitted a job suddenly without an explanation.B.She was not on good terms with her co-workers.C.She once quitted after giving a specific reason.D.She had a fierce quarrel with one of her employers.A.Three
14、months.B.Six months.C.Nine months.D.It is not fixed.A.This Thursday.B.Right After the interview of two more applicants.C.Within a week.D.It is not mentioned.二、READING COMPREHENSIO(总题数：9，分数：44.00)4.PART II READING COMPREHENSION_5.SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are several pa
15、ssages followed by fourteen multiple-choice questions. For each multiple-choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A , B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer._(1) After taking a brief hiatus to weather the recession, an invasion of Britain by some of Americas bes
16、t-known retail brandsincluding Best Buy, Banana Republic and Forever 21is back on the march. And early reports from the front line in the land of shopkeepers indicate that, unlike with earlier attempts by U. S. retailers to break Britain, British consumers are welcoming the invaders with open armsan
17、d wallets. (2) Thats not always been the case. While the British public has long had an appetite for American fast-food vendors, the record of U.S. retailers who have tried to make it big in Britain is mixed. But the latest arrivals enter the market as already established brands with built-in consum
18、er awareness, thanks to the dominance of U.S. culture in media and online. And they satisfy British shoppers desire for something new, says analyst Natalie Berg, of London-based consultants Planet Retail. They all bring a cult aspect to the U.K. high street. (3) Best BuyAmericas largest consumer-ele
19、ctronics chairkicked off the latest rush into the British market in May, when it opened its first-ever U.K. store. The 4,650-sq-m big-box outlet in the London suburb of Thurrock is the first of eight to 10 stores Best Buy expects to open in the country this year. And it has proved an impressive beac
20、hhead: in terms of sales volume, that first weekend was the chains biggest opening weekend in its 27-year history. We had strong expectations, says Paul Antoniadis, CEO of Best Buy UK (who wont reveal how much they took in over those first three days). But the actual delivery was brilliant. (4) For
21、some U.S. stores, this will be their first foray into the U.K. Following in Best Buys footsteps is California-based Forever 21, which specializes in cheap, trendy clothes for young women and will open its first U.K. branch in Birmingham, northern England, in November. But for others, now is the time
22、 to expand on past success. Hollister, which is owned by Abercrombie & Fitch (A&F), has proved extremely popular in Britain since it launched its first surf-shack-chic store in London in 2008. Hollister rode the recession like it was the perfect wave. Despite the economic downturn, it opened 11 more
23、 stores across the U.K. over the past two years, most recently in April. As a result, A&F reports that average sales volume for Hollisters British stores is six times the level of its U.S. stores. (5) Meanwhile, Gap-owned Banana Republic, which debuted in London two years ago, opened its second and
24、third stores in the city last December and April this year. Even in what was a tough year for retailers of all nationalities, Banana Republics total U.K. net sales in last year hit $24 million, up from $23 million a year earlier. (6) Whats the attraction? Britain boasts an overall retail market wort
25、h around $415 billiona tempting target. The U.K is also a good launchpad for further expansions into continental Europe. Moreover, thanks to growing online sales, U.S. retailers no longer have to blanket Blighty with shops to achieve full market penetration. They can open a few flagship stores in ke
26、y cities, and back them up with a strong Web presence, which in turn reduces overheads and risk. (7) The Internet also provides a strong prelaunch marketing tool: Best Buy set up a U.K. website back in January that featured blogs, forums and advice, and used social-networking sites such as Facebook
27、and Twitter to build anticipation for the Thurrock launch. And theres a new, postdownturn draw too: cheaper rents. U.K. retail rents have historically been sky high, particularly in London. Now many landlords-hit by a raft of vacancies-are willing to bargain. (8) While the invasion is off to strong
28、start, U.S. retailers shouldnt consider Britain a sure thing. U.K. retailing is a highly mature market thats brutally competitive, particularly now as retailers battle to entice credit-crunched shoppers back into shops. Its probably not a great time to enter the British market, says Sarah Peters, an
29、 analyst at British retailing consultants Verdict Research, But Im not sure if there is ever a good time. Indeed, Britains retailing landscape is littered with the bones of successful U.S. retailers who stumbled badly when they crossed the Atlantic. (9) Limited Brands, in conjunction with British fa
30、shion chain Next, failed in an attempt in the 1990s to transplant Bath & Body Works to Britain. And Whole Foods Market, which opened a massive food emporium in London in 2007, lost around $52 million in the British capital last year, thanks in part to formidable competition from mainstream British s
31、upermarket chains that are already well stocked with organic groceries. (10) If this latest flock of U.S. retailers does well in the U.K., it will likely be because they offer British shoppers something completely different. Forever 21, for example, will face resistance from established, strong dome
32、stic clothing brands, including Topshop, New Look and Primark. But Best Buy, on the other hand, has an edge. Not only are its big-box stores a novelty in Britain, but so is the brands emphasis on customer service. Its Geek Squad unit gives customers round-the-clock technical support, and shoppers ca
33、n use its in-store setup service to configure gadgets before taking them home. Consumer-electronics stores in the U.K. traditionally have not had good reputations for customer service, says Matthew Piner, another Verdict Research analyst. And no one has really challenged them before. (11) To pay for
34、 its U.K. invasion, Best Buy, which was pummeled by the recession, has already shelled out around $30.5 million and expects to spend around another $50 million to $58 million this fiscal year. Thats a big bet. But for Best Buy, and many other U.S. retailers, the potential payoff for succeeding in Br
35、itain means its one worth making.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the reports, the U.S. retailers won the popularity among British consumers because_.（分数：2.00）A.the Englishmen are fond of eating American snacksB.their products can attract the consumers with noveltyC.the American culture has penetrated in
36、the media of BritainD.the Englishmen have their own brand awareness(2).The phrase kicked off the latest rush into the British market is closest in meaning to_.（分数：2.00）A.commenced their business in Britain quicklyB.tried very hard to enter into the British marketC.dominated the British market at a r
37、apid speedD.attacked the British market immediately(3).To show the success of American retailers, the passage cites the following examples EXCEPT _.（分数：2.00）A.Best Buy has gained most of the market share in BritainB.Forever 21 extended its branches in many cities of BritainC.the sales volume of Holl
38、ister in Britain is five times more than in AmericaD.Banana Republic is well-known in Britain from its website, blogs and forums(4).Which of the following statements about the passage is NOT true?（分数：2.00）A.The British retailing market is so competitive that it is not easy to be penetrated.B.There m
39、ay be no perfect time for American retailers to enter into the British market.C.The American retailers are definitely achieving big success in the Britain market.D.The after-sale service provided by American retailers satisfied British consumers.(5).Which category of writing does the review belong t
40、o?（分数：2.00）A.Narration.B.Description.C.Exposition.D.Argumentation.(1) It was said by Sir George Bernard Shaw that England and America are two countries separated by the same language. My first personal experience of this was when I worked as a camp counselor for two months in 1993 in Summer Camp run
41、 by the Boy Scouts of An erica, as part of an international leader exchange scheme. Before I went, all the participants in the scheme were given a short list of words that are in common use in the UK which Americans would either be confused by or would even offend them. I memorized the words and tho
42、ught Ill cope. (2) When I finally arrived in the States three months later, I realized that perhaps a lifetime of watching American television was not adequate preparation for appreciating and coping with the differences between American and British speech. In the first hour of arriving at the camp
43、I was exposed to High School American English, Black American English and American English spoken by Joe Public, all very different to each other. Needless to say, I did cope in the end. The Americans I met were very welcoming and helpful, and I found they were patient with me when I made a social f
44、aux pas when I used an inappropriate word or phrase. (3) Upon my return I began to wonder whether anyone had documented the differences between American and British English. I found several books on the subject but often these were written in a dry and academic way. I felt that I could do better and
45、 use my sense of humor and personal experiences to help people from both sides of Atlantic to communicate more effectively when they meet. (4) My research into the subject led me to several conclusions. (5) Firstly, American English and British English are converging thanks to increased transatlanti
46、c travel and the media. The movement of slang words is mostly eastwards, though a few words from the UK have been adopted by the Ivy League fraternities. This convergent trend is a recent one dating from the emergence of Hollywood as the predominant film making center in the world and also from the Second World War when large numbers of American GIs were stationed in the UK. This trend was consolidated by the adven
