1、专业英语八级-试卷867及答案解析 (总分：142.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、LISTENING COMPREHENS(总题数：6，分数：50.00)1.PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION_2.SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on A
2、NSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task._On Public SpeakingI. Peoples frequent respo
3、nse to giving their first speech: feel【T1】 1【T1】 2II. The speakers secret of giving speeches think public speaking is【T2】 3 as other forms of talk【T2】 4 take public speaking as a way to【T3】 5 his thoughts【T3】 6 know public speaking is easier than【T4】 7【T4】 8- reason: the speaker is free to decide on
4、 the【T5】 9 of his speech【T5】 10III. Two key points to be a successful public speaker【T6】 11 with the subject matter【T6】 12 good preparation of the speechIV. Ways to【T7】 13 the audience s understanding【T7】 14 at the beginning:【T8】 15 the content beforehand【T8】 16 at the end: end the speech with【T9】 1
5、7【T9】 18V. Other key points to bear in mind make【T10】 19 with the audience【T10】 20 vary the【T11】 21 of delivery【T11】 22 stand up straight use the【T12】 23 in a right way【T12】 24 be【T13】 25 in speech and get your message to the point【T13】 26- inaugural speech of Kennedy: one of the【T14】 27, best【T14】
6、28remembered and most quoted-【T15】 29: the core to the success of many successful people【T15】 30（分数：30.00）(1).【T1】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(2).【T2】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(3).【T3】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(4).【T4】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(5).【T5】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(6).【T6】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(7).【T7】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(8).【T8】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(9).【T9】（分
7、数：2.00）填空项1:_(10).【T10】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(11).【T11】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(12).【T12】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(13).【T13】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(14).【T14】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(15).【T15】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_3.SECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part,
8、five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A , B , C and D , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO
9、.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions._A.She is a linguist.B.She works as a teacher.C.Shes an expert on language educationD.Shes an expert on spreading languages.A.The critical period for second-language learning doesnt exist.B.The critical period affects ones ability to learn a second l
10、anguage.C.The critical period affects second language learners learning way.D.The critical period puts a constraint on language learning capacity.A.Their learning strategies.B.How much they already know.C.Their feeling about making errors.D.Many variables that vary with age.A.Because they master mor
11、e than one language.B.Because they utilize languages with literacy skills.C.Because they do well in algebra and history.D.Because they practice languages on a regular basis.A.Because they are learning in the context of more contextual interactions.B.Because they are more likely to experiment with un
12、familiar sounds.C.Because they are more willing to learn socially useful language.D.Because they are acquiring social language skills more naturally.A.Their learning styles are similar.B.They utilize similar cognitive processes.C.They share similar ability declines.D.Their study strategies are simil
13、ar.A.They possess a high motivation.B.They are better language learners.C.They already know more than one language.D.They apply more effective cognitive processes.A.Less recourse to the target language.B.Less immersion in the first language.C.Higher second-language proficiency.D.Motivation to forget
14、 the first language.A.Learners literacy skills.B.First language capacities.C.First language maintenance.D.Second language study strategies.A.Because they are less likely to suffer memory loss.B.Because they tend to be more diligent language learners.C.Because they are more likely to achieve native-l
15、ike proficiency.D.Because they almost never become monolingual in the learning process.二、READING COMPREHENSIO(总题数：11，分数：44.00)4.PART II READING COMPREHENSION_5.SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are several passages followed by fourteen multiple-choice questions. For each multi
16、ple-choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A , B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer._(1)Ask an American schoolchild what he or she is learning in school these days and you might even get a reply, provided you ask it in Spanish. But dont bother, heres the ans
17、wer: Americans nowadays are not learning any of the things that we learned in our day, like reading and writing. Apparently these are considered antique old subjects, invented by white males to oppress women and minorities. (2)What are they learning? In a Vermont college town I found the answer sitt
18、ing in a toy store book rack, next to typical kids books like Heather Has Two Mommies and Daddy Is Dysfunctional. Its a teachers guide called Happy To Be Me, subtitled Building Self Esteem. (3)Self-esteem, as it turns out, is a big subject in American classrooms. Many American schools see building i
19、t as important as teaching reading and writing. They call it whole language teaching, borrowing terminology from the granola people to compete in the education marketplace. (4)No one ever spent a moment building my self-esteem when I was in school. In fact, from the day I first stepped inside a clas
20、sroom my self-esteem was one big demolition site. All that mattered was the subject, be it geography, history, or mathematics. I was praised when I remembered that near, fit, friendly, pleasing, like and their opposites took the dative case in Latin I was scolded when I forgot what a cosine was good
21、 for. Generally I lived my school years beneath a torrent of criticism so consistent I eventually ceased to hear it, as people who live near the sea eventually stop hearing the waves. (5)Schools have changed. Scolding is out, for one thing. More important, subjects have changed. Whereas I learned En
22、glish, modern kids learn something called language skills. Whereas I learned writing, modern kids learn something called communication. Communication, the book tells us, is seven per cent words, 23 per cent facial expression, 20 per cent tone of voice, and 50 per cent body language. So this column,
23、with its carefully chosen words, would earn me at most a grade of seven per cent. That is, if the school even gave out something as oppressive and demanding as grades. (6)The result is that, in place of English classes, American children are getting a course in How to Win Friends and Influence Peopl
24、e. Consider the new attitude toward journal writing: I remember one high school English class when we were required to keep a journal. The idea was to emulate those great writers who confided in diaries, searching their souls and perfecting their critical thinking on paper. (7)Happy To Be Me states
25、that journals are a great way for students to get in touch with their feelings. Tell students they can write one sentence or a whole page. Reassure them that no one, not even you, will read what they write. After the unit, hopefully all students will be feeling good about themselves and will want to
26、 share some of their entries with the class. (8)There was a time when no self-respecting book for English teachers would use great or hopefully that way. Moreover, back then the purpose of English courses(an antique term for Unit)was not to help students feel good about themselves. Which is good, be
27、cause all that scolding didnt make me feel particularly good about anything.（分数：6.00）(1).In Paragraph Three whole language teaching is in quotation marks because（分数：2.00）A.the author is using direct speech.B.the author is questioning the concept.C.the words quoted are a translation.D.the author is q
28、uoting from another source.(2).Which of the following is the author implying in Paragraph Five?（分数：2.00）A.Self-criticism has gone too far.B.Evaluating criteria are inappropriate nowadays.C.Communication is a more comprehensive* category than language skills.D.This column does not meet the demanding
29、evaluating criteria of today.(3).The authors intention is to get us（分数：2.00）A.confirm current trends.B.rethink educational strategies.C.think about what constitutes communication.D.reassure parents.(1)The American screen has long been a smoky place, at least since 1942s Now, Voyager, in which Bette
30、Davis and Paul Henreid showed how to make and seal a romantic deal over a pair of cigarettes that were smoldering as much as the stars. Today cigarettes are more common onscreen than at any other time since midcentury: 75% of all Hollywood films including 36% of those rated G or PG show tobacco use,
31、 according to a recent survey by the University of California, San Francisco. (2)Audiences, especially kids, are taking notice. Two recent studies, published in Lancet and Pediatrics, have found that among children as young as 10, those exposed to the most screen smoking are up to 2.7 times as likel
32、y as others to pick up the habit Worse, its the ones from nonsmoking homes who are hit the hardest, perhaps because they are spared the duty ashtrays and moldy drapes that make real-world smoking a lot less appealing than the clean cinematic version. (3)Now the Harvard School of Public Health(HSPH)
33、the folks behind the designated-driver campaign are pushing to get the smokes off the screen. Some movies show kids up to 14 incidents of smoking per hour, says Barry Bloom, HSPHs dean. Were in the business of preventing disease, and cigarettes are the No. 1 preventable cause. (4)If theres one thing
34、 health experts know, its that you dont influence behavior by telling people what to do. You do it by exposing them to enough cases of people behaving well that it creates a new norm. What made the designated-driver concept catch on in the 1980s was partly that Harvard and the ad agencies it worked
35、with persuaded TV networks to slip the idea into their shows. Theres a reason a designated-driver poster appeared in the bar on Cheers, and its not because it made the jokes funnier. (5)The idea appeared in 160 prime-time episodes over four years, says Jay Winsten, HSPHs associate dean. Drunk-drivin
36、g fatalities fell 25% over the next three years. (6)Harvard long believed that getting cigarettes out of movies could have as powerful an effect, but it wouldnt be easy. Cigarette makers had a history of striking product-placement deals with Hollywood, and while the 1998 tobacco settlement prevents
37、that, nothing stops directors from incorporating smoking into scenes on their own. (7)In 1999 Harvard began holding one-on-one meetings with studio executives trying to change that, and last year the Motion Picture Association of America flung the door open, inviting Bloom to make a presentation in
38、February to all the studios. Harvards advice was direct: Get the butts entirely out, or at least make smoking unappealing. (8)A few films provide a glimpse of what a no-smoking or low-smoking Hollywood would be like. Producer Lindsay Doran, who once helped persuade director John Hughes to keep Ferri
39、s Bueller smoke-free in the 1980s hit, wanted to do the same for the leads of her 2006 movie Stranger Than Fiction. When a writer convinced her that the character played by Emma Thompson had to smoke, Doran relented, but from the way Thompson hacks her way through the film and snuffs out her cigaret
40、tes in a palmful of spit, its clear the glamours gone. And remember all the smoking in The Devil Wears Prada? No? Thats because the producers of that film kept it out entirely. No one smoked in that movie, says Doran, and no one noticed. (9)Such movies are hardly the rule, but the pressure is growin
41、g. Like smokers, studios may conclude that quitting the habit is not just a lot healthier but also a lot smarter.（分数：6.00）(1).The movie Now, Voyager is mentioned to illustrate that（分数：2.00）A.smoking can make romance on screen.B.American screen was full of cigarette smoke.C.why cigarettes are easier
42、to get than past.D.Hollywood movie is a typical example of smoky screen.(2).What is the purpose of the second paragraph?（分数：2.00）A.To show audiences are easily influenced by smoky movies.B.To show kids of 10 are the most likely to pick up smoking habit.C.To explain why smoky movies have influence on
43、 kids.D.To explain why we should prevent cigarettes on screen.(3).What is the authors attitude toward getting cigarettes out of screen?（分数：2.00）A.Critical.B.Optimistic.C.Indifferent.D.Skeptical.(1)Socrates, son of. Sophroniscus, a sculptor, was philosopher of Athens, Greece. It is said that in early
44、 life he practiced his fathers art. In middle life he married Xanthippe, who is legendary as a shrew, although the stories have little basis in ascertainable fact. It is not certain who were Socratess teachers in philosophy, but he seems to have been acquainted with the doctrines of Parmenides, Hera
45、clitus, Anaxagoras, and the atomists. He was widely known for his intellectual powers even before he was 40, when, according to Platos report of Socratess speech in the Apology, the oracle at Delphi pronounced him the wisest man in Greece. In that speech Socrates maintained that he was puzzled by th
46、is acclaim until he discovered that, while others professed knowledge without realizing their ignorance, he at least was aware of his own ignorance. (2)Socrates became convinced that his calling was to search for wisdom about right conduct by which he might guide the intellectual and moral improvement of the Athenians. Neglecting his own affairs, he spent his time discussing
