1、专业英语四级分类模拟309及答案解析 (总分：114.95，做题时间：90分钟)一、PART DICTATION(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings,
2、 the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given ONE minute to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passag
3、e on ANSWER SHEET ONE. （分数：20.00）_二、PART CLOZE(总题数：1，分数：25.00)Aincreasingly Bdisorders Cshelter Ddramatically Ediscovers Fpredicts Ghomeless HFurthermore Idwelling Jcomprehensive KIndeed Laddicted Mcoordination Nindulged Owandering The homeless make up a growing percentage of Americas population. 1
4、, homelessness has reached such proportions that local government cant possibly cope. To help homeless people toward independence, the federal governments must support job training programs, raise the minimum wage, and fund more low-cost housing. Not everyone agrees on the number of Americans who ar
5、e 2 . Estimates range anywhere from 600,000 to 3 million. Although the figure may vary, analysts do agree on another matter: that the number of the homeless is increasing. One of the federal governments studies 3 that the number of the homeless will reach nearly 19 million by the end of this decade.
6、 Finding ways to assist this growing homeless population has become 4 difficult. Even when homeless individuals manage to find a 5 that will give them three meals a day and a place to sleep at night, a good number still spend the bulk of each day 6 the street. Part of the problem is that many homele
7、ss adults are 7 to alcohol or drugs. And a significant number of the homeless have serious mental 8 . Many others, while not addicted or mentally ill, simply lack the everyday survival skills needed to turn their lives around. Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes that the situation will improve o
8、nly when there are 9 programs that address the many needs of the homeless. As Edward Zlotkowski, director of community service at Bentley College in Massachusetts, puts it, There has to be 10 of programs. What we need is a package deal.（分数：25.00）三、PART READING COMPR(总题数：1，分数：50.00)Section A Multiple
9、-Choice Questions Text A Many great inventions are greeted with ridicule and disbelief. The invention of the airplane was no exception. Although many people who heard about the first powered flight on December 17, 1903, were excited and impressed, others reacted with peals of laughter. The idea of f
10、lying an aircraft was repulsive to some people. Such people called Wilbur and Orville Wright, the inventors of the first flying machine, impulsive fools. Negative reactions, however, did not stop the Wrights. Impelled by their desire to succeed, they continued their experiments in aviation. Orville
11、and Wilbur Wright had always had a compelling interest in aeronautics and mechanics. As young boys they earned money by making and selling kites and mechanical toys. Later, they designed a newspaper-folding machine, built a printing press, and operated a bicycle-repair shop. In 1896, when they read
12、about the death of Otto Lilienthal, the brothers interest in flight grew into a compulsion. Lilienthal, a pioneer in hang-gliding, had controlled his gliders by shifting his body in the desired direction. This idea was repellent to the Wright brothers, however, and they searched for more efficient m
13、ethods to control the balance of airborne vehicles. In 1900 and 1901, the Wrights tested numerous gliders and developed control techniques. The brothers inability to obtain enough lift power for the gliders almost led them to abandon their efforts. After further study, the Wright brothers concluded
14、that the published tables of air pressure on curved surfaces must be wrong. They set up a wind tunnel and began a series of experiments with model wings. Because of their efforts, the old tables were repealed in time and replaced by the first reliable figures for air pressure on curved surfaces. Thi
15、s work, in turn, made it possible for them to design a machine that would fly. In 1903 the Wrights built their first airplane, which cost less than one thousand dollars. They even designed and built their own source of propulsiona lightweight gasoline engine. When they started the engine on December
16、 17, the airplane pulsated wildly before taking off. The plane managed to stay aloft for twelve seconds, however, and it flew one hundred twenty feet. By 1905 the Wrights had perfected the first airplane that could turn, circle, and remain airborne for half an hour at a time. Others had flown in bal
17、loons or in hang gliders, but the Wright brothers were the first to build a full-size machine that could fly under its own power. As the contributors of one of the most outstanding engineering achievements in history, the Wright brothers are accurately called the fathers of aviation. Text B The Akas
18、hi Kaikyo Bridge in southern Japan is the worlds longest bridge. The Akashi Kaikyo Bridge spans the Akashi Strait, connecting Awaji Island to Kobe, an important industrial center. The bridge has a span of 5973 feet (1991 meters), making it over 25% longer than its nearest competition: the Humber Bri
19、dge in England. Strangely, there may be longer bridges in the world, but the Guinness Book of World Records measures the longest bridges according to their record-breaking spans. The Akashi Kaikyo Bridge is a suspension bridge. This means that the roadway is suspended from pillars by cables. The con
20、crete pillars have to be tall enough to support the whole weight of the bridge. The pillars on the Akashi Kaikyo Bridge are 900 feet tall. These pillars had to be built to withstand not only huge waves but also high-speed winds, and possibly even violent earthquakes, which are not uncommon in the ar
21、ea. The bridge has survived one earthquake already: its span was extended by more than 3 feet by the Kobe earthquake of 1995. The cables weigh 50,000 tons and have a diameter of almost four feet each. Each cable contains 290 hexagonal strands; each strand is composed of 127 steel wires. The total le
22、ngth of the wire used is more than 200,000 miles, enough to circle the Earth 7.5 times! The first plans to connect Kobe to Naruto via Awaji Island were voiced in 1955, but it took the government thirty years to decide to really build the bridge. The next three years were spent surveying the site and
23、 construction commenced in 1988. In designing the bridge, special consideration was given to its effect on the surroundings, great emphasis was placed on a pleasing balance between light and shade and also on the choice of the perfect color. The construction of the bridge was a very complicated and
24、technologically draining process, which took ten years to complete. Casting concrete in 300 feet of water, installing special pilot ropes over the strait by helicopter, and finally stretching the gigantic steel cables surely wasnt an easy job. Ten years after construction commenced in 1988, the brid
25、ge was finished and the six-lane highway finally opened to traffic. The bridge has made the transportation from island to island much easier, so in addition to breaking a record, the Akashi Kaikyo Bridge achieves the main goal of a bridge: to connect two places. Text C The life of J. D. Salinger, wh
26、ich has just ended, is one of the strangest and saddest stories in recent literary history. Nevertheless, it would be a mistake to let the disappointment of the second half of Mr. Salingers careerconsisting of a long short story called Hapworth 16, 1924 that reads as though he allowed the pain of ho
27、stile criticism to blunt the edge of self-criticism that every good writer must possess, followed by 45 years of living like a hermit in the New Hampshire woodsovershadow the achievements of the first half. The corpus of his good work is very small, but it is classic. His was arguably the first trul
28、y original voice in American prose fiction after the generation of Hemingway, Fitzgerald and Faulkner. Of course nothing is absolutely original in literature, and Mr. Salinger had his precursors, of whom Hemingway was one, and Mark Twain another. From them he learned what you could do with simple, c
29、olloquial language and a naive youthful narrator. But in The Catcher in the Rye Mr. Salinger applied their lessons in a new way to create a new kind of hero, Holden Caulfield, whose narrative voice struck a chord with millions of readers. Nearly everybody loves The Catcher in the Rye , and most read
30、ers enjoy Mr. Salingers first collection of short stories, Nine Stories. But the work that followed, such as Franny and Zooey and Raise High the Roof Beam, Carpenters and Seymour: An Introduction , were less reader-friendly and provoked more critical comment, leading eventually to the retreat of the
31、 wounded author into solitude. These books challenged conventional notions of fiction and conventional ways of reading as radically as the kind of novels that would later be called post-modernist, and a lot of critics didnt get it. The saga of the Glass family is stylistically the antithesis of Catc
32、herhighly literary, full of rhetorical tropes, narrative devices and asides to the readerbut there is also continuity between them. The literariness of the Glass stories is always domesticated by a colloquial informality. The nearest equivalent to this saga in earlier literature is perhaps the 18th-
33、century antinovel The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman , by Laurence Sterne. There is the same close observation of the social dynamics of family life, the same apparent disregard for conventional narrative structure, the same teasing hints that the fictional narrator is a persona for
34、 the real author, the same delicate balance of sentiment and irony, and the same humorous running commentary on the activities of writing and reading. This cultural and spiritual elitism got up the noses of many critics, but I think they overlooked the fact that Mr. Salinger was playing a game with
35、his readers. The more truth-telling and pseudo-historical the stories became in form, the less credible became the content.（分数：49.95）(1).The idea of flying an aircraft was _ to some people. (Text A)（分数：3.33）A.boringB.distastefulC.excitingD.needless(2).Lilienthals idea about controlling airborne vehi
36、cles was _ the Wrights. (Text A)（分数：3.33）A.proven wrong byB.opposite to the ideas ofC.disliked byD.accepted by(3).The old tables were _ and replaced by the first reliable figures for air pressure on curved surfaces. (Text A)（分数：3.33）A.destroyedB.canceledC.multipliedD.discarded(4).The Wrights designe
37、d and built their own source of_. (Text A)（分数：3.33）A.force for moving forwardB.force for turning aroundC.turningD.force to going backward(5).The article states that _. (Text B)（分数：3.33）A.each cable is composed of 127 steel wiresB.cables are made of steelC.the Earth is roundD.the strands are round(6)
38、.During construction _. (Text B)（分数：3.33）A.the Earth was circled 7.5 times with 200,000 miles of wireB.the steel cables were installed by helicopterC.an earthquake took placeD.concrete was usually cast in 30 feet of water(7).Which of the following sentences is FALSE? (Text B)（分数：3.33）A.The governmen
39、t decided to build the bridge in 1985.B.Surveying the construction site took three years.C.The bridge was opened to traffic in 1988.D.The highway has six lanes.(8).Hemingway, Fitzgerald and Faulkner are mentioned because _. (Text C)（分数：3.33）A.they are not as good as Mr. SalingerB.they are not Americ
40、anC.they are widely known as great writers prior to Mr. SalingerD.they like to write prose fiction(9).According to the passage, which of the following is CORRECT? (Text C)（分数：3.33）A.Critics adore Mr. Salingers works.B.Mr. Salingers most successful novel is The Catcher in the Rye.C.Mr. Salinger remai
41、ns intact in face of harsh criticism.D.Most of the readers understand the originality that Mr. Salinger demonstrated in his works.(10).Which of the following is NOT the characteristic of Mr. Salingers works? (Text C)（分数：3.33）A.They show great details of family life interactions.B.They follow traditi
42、onal style of novels.C.The persona is a representation of the author himself.D.They are sarcastic and humorous.(11).Section B Short Answer Questions How did people think about the Wright brothers? (Text A)（分数：3.33）_(12).Where is the longest bridge in the world? (Text B)（分数：3.33）_(13).What are the po
43、ssible dangers to the bridge mentioned in the article? (Text B)（分数：3.33）_(14).What does solitude mean in Paragraph 3? (Text C)（分数：3.33）_(15).Whats the authors opinion about Mr. Salinger? (Text C)（分数：3.33）_四、PART WRITING(总题数：1，分数：20.00)2.Nowadays young people tend to phone more often than write to ea
44、ch other. Will phones kill letter writing? The following are the supporters and opponents opinions. Read carefully the opinions from both sides and write your response in about 200 words, in which you should first summarize briefly the opinions from both sides and give your view on the issue. Marks
45、will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. YES NO Phones are not subjected to time and geographical constraints. With phones, people can get in touch with others wherever and w
46、henever they want. Phone is more convenient for people having connec- tions with each other. If one has something urgent to tell others, phone is necessary, which has the feature of immediacy. It takes a few days to write and deliver a letter to the right person. We can communicate with others in the casual way of chatting on the phone, which seems to be friend- lier. Whats more important, we can hear others voice on the phone, which is good for communica- tion. Letter writing as our traditional way of communi- cation can not be replaced. It is a kind of Chi- nese c
