1、专业英语四级分类模拟323及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、CLOZE(总题数：4，分数：100.00)Afrequently Badolescence Cseparate Dcomplexion Eunformed Fset Ggenealogy Happearance Icommonly Jsingle Kalike Lpopulated Mproduced Nstartling Ogenetics Perhaps the most 1 theory to come out of kinetics, the study of body movement, was s
2、uggested by Professor Ray Birdwhistell. He believes that physical 2 is often culturally programmed. In other words, we learn our lookswe are not born with them. A baby has generally 3 facial features. A baby, according to Birdwhistell, learns where to set the eyebrows by looking at those aroundfamil
3、y and friends. This helps explain why the people of some regions of the United States look so much 4 . New Englanders or Southerners have certain similar facial characteristics that cannot be explained by 5 . The exact shape of the mouth is not 6 at birth, it is learned after. In fact, the final mou
4、th shape is not formed until well after permanent teeth are set. For many, this can be well into 7 . A husband and wife together for a long time often come to look somewhat alike. We learn our looks from those around us. This is perhaps why in a(an) 8 country there are areas where people smile more
5、than those in other areas. In the United States, for example, the South is the part of the country where people smile most 9 . In New England they smile less, and in the western part of New York state still less. Many southerners find cities such as New York cold and unfriendly, partly because peopl
6、e on Madison Avenue smile less than people on Peachtree Street in Atlanta, Georgia. People in densely 10 urban areas also tend to smile and greet each other in public less than people in rural areas and small towns do.（分数：25.00）Ahealing Brestless Creckless Drepetition Emoaned Freward Gdissipate Hinf
7、luential Ihandicap Jconstant Khasty Lappealing Mcourse Ngroaning Oinfinite The intimacy between man and nature begins with the birth of man on the earth, and becomes each century more intelligent and far-reaching. To nature, therefore, we turn as to the oldest and most 11 teacher of our race: from o
8、ne point of view, once our taskmaster, now our servant; from another point of view, our 12 friend, instructor and inspirer. The very intimacy of this relation robs it of a certain mystery and richness which it would have for all minds if it were the 13 of the few instead of being the privilege of th
9、e many. To the few it is, in every age, full of wonder and beauty; to the many it is a matter of 14 . The heavens shine for all, but they have a changing splendor to those only who see in every midnight sky a majesty of creative energy and resource which no 15 of the spectacle can dim. If the stars
10、shone but once in a thousand years, men would gaze, awe-struck and worshipful, on a vision which is not less but more wonderful because it shines nightly above the whole earth. In like manner, and for the same reason, we become indifferent to that delicately beautiful or sublimely impressive sky sce
11、nery which the clouds form and reform, compose and 16 , a thousand times on a summer day. The mystery, the terror, and the music of the sea; the secret and subduing charm of the woods, so full of 17 for the spent mind or the 18 spirit; the majesty of the hills, holding in their recesses the secrets
12、of light and atmosphere; the 19 variety of landscape, never imitative or repetitious, but always 20 to the imagination with some fresh and unsuspected lovelinesswho feels the full power of these marvelous resources for the enrichment of life, or takes from them all the health, delight, and enrichmen
13、t they have to bestow?（分数：25.00）A. social B. complicated C. legitimate D. legislative E. overstepped F. committed G. will be H. would be I. obey J. exerted K. complex L. follow M. primitive N. explicit O. implicit In any society, no matter how 21 , some individuals have authority over others, at lea
14、st within a limited sphere. Obedience is particularly relevant as societies get more 22 where the spheres within which authority can be 23 , become much more differentiate& Teachers assign homework, doctors order intravenous feedings, and policemen stop automobiles while pupils, nurses, and motorist
15、s generally 24 . Their obedience is based on a(n) 25 recognition that the persons who issue the orders are operating within their 26 domain of authority. If this domain is 27 , obedience is unlikely. Policemen cant order motorists to recite fists of irregular French verbs or to take two aspirins and
16、 go to bed. Some tendency to obey authority is a vital cement that holds society together; without it, there 28 chaos. But the atrocities of this centurythe slaughter of the Armenians, the Nazi death campsgive terrible proof that this disposition to obedience can also become a corrosive poison that
17、destroys our sense of humanity. Some of these atrocities could not have been 29 without the obedience of tens or hundreds of thousands and the acquiescence of many more. How could such obedience have come about? Attempt to answer this question has focused on either of the two factors. One concerns t
18、he personality structure of the blindly obedient individual; the other emphasizes the 30 situation in which the obedient person finds himself.（分数：25.00）Aavailable Bmeans Cthat Dintersections Ecomprise Finterrelationships Gexchanged Hfreely Iinvolved Jreplaced Kvalid Lpayment Mthose Nrandomly Oconsis
19、t Prices determine how resources are to be used. They are also the 31 by which products and services that are in limited supply are rationed among buyers. The price system of the United States is a complex network composed of the prices of all the products bought and sold in the economy as well as 3
20、2 of a myriad of services, including labor, professional, transportation, and public-utility services. The 33 of all these prices make up the system of prices. If one were to ask a group of 34 selected individuals to define price, many would reply that price is an amount of money paid by the buyer t
21、o the seller of a product or service or, in other words 35 price is the money values of a product or service as agreed upon in a market transaction. This definition is, of course, 36 as far as it goes. For a complete understanding of a price in any particular transaction, much more than the amount o
22、f money 37 must be known. Both the buyer and the seller should be familiar with not only the money amount, but with the amount and quality of the product or service to be 38 , the time and place at which the exchange will take place and 39 will be made, the form of money to be used, the credit terms
23、 and discounts that apply to the transaction, guarantees on the product or service, delivery terms, return privileges, and other factors. In another word, both buyer and seller should be fully aware of all the factors that 40 the total package being exchanged for the asked-for amount of money in ord
24、er that they may evaluate a given price.（分数：25.00）专业英语四级分类模拟323答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、CLOZE(总题数：4，分数：100.00)Afrequently Badolescence Cseparate Dcomplexion Eunformed Fset Ggenealogy Happearance Icommonly Jsingle Kalike Lpopulated Mproduced Nstartling Ogenetics Perhaps the most 1 theory to come o
25、ut of kinetics, the study of body movement, was suggested by Professor Ray Birdwhistell. He believes that physical 2 is often culturally programmed. In other words, we learn our lookswe are not born with them. A baby has generally 3 facial features. A baby, according to Birdwhistell, learns where to
26、 set the eyebrows by looking at those aroundfamily and friends. This helps explain why the people of some regions of the United States look so much 4 . New Englanders or Southerners have certain similar facial characteristics that cannot be explained by 5 . The exact shape of the mouth is not 6 at b
27、irth, it is learned after. In fact, the final mouth shape is not formed until well after permanent teeth are set. For many, this can be well into 7 . A husband and wife together for a long time often come to look somewhat alike. We learn our looks from those around us. This is perhaps why in a(an) 8
28、 country there are areas where people smile more than those in other areas. In the United States, for example, the South is the part of the country where people smile most 9 . In New England they smile less, and in the western part of New York state still less. Many southerners find cities such as N
29、ew York cold and unfriendly, partly because people on Madison Avenue smile less than people on Peachtree Street in Atlanta, Georgia. People in densely 10 urban areas also tend to smile and greet each other in public less than people in rural areas and small towns do.（分数：25.00）解析：N 考点 考查形容词。 文章介绍了关于人
30、类外貌的一种新观点：人类外貌并非完全由基因决定，相反，它在很大程度上是由文化决定的。这与大家所熟知的观点大不相同，因此可推知雷伯德惠斯特尔的研究理论是令人吃惊的，故本题选N项，startling意为“令人吃惊的”。解析：H 考点 考查名词。 文章介绍了关于人类外貌的一种新观点，因此可推测该句意为“他认为人的外貌通常是由文化决定的”。H项appearance意为“外貌”，physical appearance为固定搭配，意为“外表，外貌”，而D项complexion意为“面色，气色”，不符合题意，故选H。解析：E 考点 考查形容词。 根据上文提到的外貌不是生来决定的而是学习到的，可知此处意为“一
31、般说来，婴儿的面部特征是未成形的”，选项中E项unformed意为“未成形的”，故选E。下文也多次提到not formed，与此处构成同义复现。解析：K 考点 考查形容词。 根据下文中“新英格兰人或南方人具有某些类似的面部特征”推知，此处意思为“这解释了为什么美国一些地区的人们会长得如此相似”，故选K项，alike意为“相似的”，且alike与下一句的similar facial characteristics构成同义复现。解析：O 考点 考查名词。 人们传统的观点认为：人类的外貌一般由遗传基因决定，因此该句意为“新英格兰人或南方人具有某些类似的面部特征，而这无法用 -|_|-来解释”，可锁定
32、答案为O项，genetics意为“遗传学”；G项genealogy意为“家谱，族谱”，不符合题意，可排除。解析：F 考点 考查动词。 根据下文“实际上，嘴巴的最终形状要在恒牙固定后才会确定”，可知该句意为“嘴巴的实际形状并不是生下来就 -|_|-的”。故选F项，set意为“确定，固定”，set与后文的formed构成同义复现。M项produced意为“生产”，不符合句意，故可排除。解析：B 考点 考查名词。 前两句说到嘴巴的最终形状并不是在出生时就形成的，而是要在恒牙固定后才会确定，可推知该句意为“对很多人来说，这可能会持续到青春期”，因此空格处所填名词应为“青春期”的意思，表示时间段，故选B
33、项，adolescence意为“青春期”。解析：J 考点 考查形容词。 该句意为“这可能就是为什么在 -|_|-国家有些地区的人比其他地区的人更爱笑”，由此可知，此处指的是同一个国家不同地区的人们的差异，故选J项，single意为“单一的，同一的”；而C项separate意为“单独的，分开的”，不符合题意，故可排除。解析：A 考点 考查副词。 根据上下文语境可推测，该句意为“例如，在美国，南部地区的人笑得最 -|_|-”，空格处应填副词且该副词应用来表示频率，选项中只有A项frequently可表示频率，意为“频繁地”；I项commonly意为“普通地，一般地”，不符合题意，故可排除。解析：L
34、 考点 考查动词。 该句意为“在 -|_|-众多的大城市里，人们微笑和相互打招呼的频率往往比乡村和小城镇上的人低很多”，其中densely意为“浓密地；密集地”，作副词修饰空格处所填单词。根据常识可知，这里应指人口稠密的大城市，故空格处所填词应有“人口”之意，因此答案选L项populated，populate意为“聚居，栖息”。Ahealing Brestless Creckless Drepetition Emoaned Freward Gdissipate Hinfluential Ihandicap Jconstant Khasty Lappealing Mcourse Ngroanin
35、g Oinfinite The intimacy between man and nature begins with the birth of man on the earth, and becomes each century more intelligent and far-reaching. To nature, therefore, we turn as to the oldest and most 11 teacher of our race: from one point of view, once our taskmaster, now our servant; from an
36、other point of view, our 12 friend, instructor and inspirer. The very intimacy of this relation robs it of a certain mystery and richness which it would have for all minds if it were the 13 of the few instead of being the privilege of the many. To the few it is, in every age, full of wonder and beau
37、ty; to the many it is a matter of 14 . The heavens shine for all, but they have a changing splendor to those only who see in every midnight sky a majesty of creative energy and resource which no 15 of the spectacle can dim. If the stars shone but once in a thousand years, men would gaze, awe-struck
38、and worshipful, on a vision which is not less but more wonderful because it shines nightly above the whole earth. In like manner, and for the same reason, we become indifferent to that delicately beautiful or sublimely impressive sky scenery which the clouds form and reform, compose and 16 , a thous
39、and times on a summer day. The mystery, the terror, and the music of the sea; the secret and subduing charm of the woods, so full of 17 for the spent mind or the 18 spirit; the majesty of the hills, holding in their recesses the secrets of light and atmosphere; the 19 variety of landscape, never imi
40、tative or repetitious, but always 20 to the imagination with some fresh and unsuspected lovelinesswho feels the full power of these marvelous resources for the enrichment of life, or takes from them all the health, delight, and enrichment they have to bestow?（分数：25.00）解析：H 考点 考查形容词。 根据空格前最高级的标志词most
41、和之前的并列连词and，可知空格处应填和oldest并列的形容词。结合上下文和选项，可知H项influential“有影响力的”最适合。解析：J 考点 考查形容词。 空格前为形容词性物主代词our，空格后为三个并列名词，因此空格处应填形容词、动词的过去分词或名词作定语。结合句意：大自然是我们 -|_|-的朋友、老师和启发者，所给选项中J项constant“不变的，一直的”最符合句意。解析：F 考点 考查名词。 空格前为定冠词the，再由后文的instead of.可知，空格处应填和privilege并列的名词。结合句意和选项，可知F项reward“收获”最适合。解析：M 考点 考查名词。 该句
42、意为“对于少数人来说，这种关系在每个时代都充满了奇妙和美丽；对多数人来说，它只是一种 -|_|-的事物。”空格前为a matter of，意为“的问题”，因此空格处应填名词。结合选项可知M项course最适合，且a matter of course为固定搭配，意为“理所当然的事”，所以答案选M。解析：D 考点 考查名词。 根据空格前的否定词no和之后的介词of，判断空格处应填名词。该句句意为“天空只有在少数人的心目中具有一种变化多端的壮丽，他们在每个午夜的天空都能看出一种蕴含着创造力的庄严肃穆之美，不论哪种景象 -|_|-，都不会使那种美失去光彩。”结合选项可知D项repetition“再现，
43、重复出现”最适合。解析：G 考点 考查动词。 根据空格前的并列连词and和前文的form and reform(形成和重组)可知，空格处应填和compose(组成)含义相对的动词原形，结合选项可知G项dissipate“消散”最适合。解析：A 考点 考查名词。 该空格前为短语full of，因此空格处应填名词。结合空格所在句句意“对疲惫的心灵或，森林所具有的奥妙和无尽的魅力充满了 -|_|-”，因此选项中A项healing“复原作用，恢复常态”最适合。解析：B 考点 考查形容词。 空格前为定冠词the，后面紧跟名词spirit，再由之前的并列连词or可知，空格处应填和spent(筋疲力尽的)并
44、列的形容词。结合选项，B项restless“不安宁的”最为贴切。C项reckless意为“鲁莽的，不计后果的”，不符合句意，故排除。解析：O 考点 考查形容词。 空格前为定冠词the，之后为名词variety，因此空格处应填形容词、动词的过去分词或名词作定语。下文提到的never imitative or repetitious(从不模仿或重复)是对空格处单词的进一步解释说明，由此可知，landscape(风景)有着“无穷无尽的”多样性，因此O项infinite“无穷的”为正确答案。解析：L 考点 考查形容词。 空格前的并列连词but连接前面的形容词imitative和repetitious，
45、因此空格处也应填形容词。结合句意“变幻无穷的风景从不模仿或重复，但却总是 -|_|-拥有出人意料的新鲜美丽的想象力”和选项，可知L项appealing“吸引人的”最适合，且appeal常与介词to搭配构成固定短语appeal to，意为“对有吸引力”，因此本题选L。A. social B. complicated C. legitimate D. legislative E. overstepped F. committed G. will be H. would be I. obey J. exerted K. complex L. follow M. primitive N. explic
46、it O. implicit In any society, no matter how 21 , some individuals have authority over others, at least within a limited sphere. Obedience is particularly relevant as societies get more 22 where the spheres within which authority can be 23 , become much more differentiate& Teachers assign homework,
47、doctors order intravenous feedings, and policemen stop automobiles while pupils, nurses, and motorists generally 24 . Their obedience is based on a(n) 25 recognition that the persons who issue the orders are operating within their 26 domain of authority. If this domain is 27 , obedience is unlikely.
48、 Policemen cant order motorists to recite fists of irregular French verbs or to take two aspirins and go to bed. Some tendency to obey authority is a vital cement that holds society together; without it, there 28 chaos. But the atrocities of this centurythe slaughter of the Armenians, the Nazi death campsgive terrible proof that this disposition to obedience can also become a corrosive poison that destroys our sense of humanity. Some of these
