1、Designation: D3851 17Standard Specification forMicrocellular Polyurethane Shoe Soling Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3851; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A
2、 number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers microcellular polyurethanematerials for shoe soling applications. It provides physicalproperty requirements
3、 and identifies test methods for determin-ing those specific properties.1.2 SI units are to be regarded as the preferred units ofmeasurements for values. The inch-pound values in parenthe-ses can be used if there is an agreement between the contractualparties.NOTE 1There is no known ISO equivalent t
4、o this standard.1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Tech
5、nicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplas-tic ElastomersTensionD624 Test Method for Tear Strength of Conventional Vul-canized Rubber and Thermoplastic ElastomersD792 Test Methods for Density and Specific G
6、ravity (Rela-tive Density) of Plastics by DisplacementD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1052 Test Method for Measuring Rubber DeteriorationCut Growth Using Ross Flexing ApparatusD1622 Test Method for Apparent Density of Rigid CellularPlasticsD1938 Test Method for Tear-Propagation Resistance (Tro
7、u-ser Tear) of Plastic Film and Thin Sheeting by a Single-Tear MethodD2240 Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometer Hard-nessD3489 Test Methods for Microcellular Urethane Materials3. Terminology3.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method andassociated with plastics issues refer to the term
8、inology con-tained in standard D883.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 microcellular polyurethane, nan elastomeric mate-rial made by the interaction of a polyol and an organicisocyanate, having very small cell diameters. Microcellularpolyurethane shoe sole materials typically h
9、ave cell diametersin the range of 0.1 to 200 m.4. Classification4.1 This specification covers three grades of microcellularpolyurethane materials for selection according to abrasionresistance, cut-growth resistance, and other physical properties.The grades are classified as Grade 1, Grade 2, and Gra
10、de 3.5. Ordering Information5.1 Any product represented as complying with this speci-fication shall meet all the requirements listed herein for itsparticular classification.6. Physical Requirements6.1 The material shall conform to requirements for physicalproperties prescribed in Table 1.7. Test Met
11、hods7.1 The physical tests shall be in accordance with TestMethod D3489.8. Inspection8.1 Inspection of the material shall be agreed upon inwriting between the purchaser and the supplier as part of thepurchase contract.8.2 Testing for conformance to requirements shall be donein accordance with this s
12、pecification and Test Methods D3489.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 onPlastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.22 on CellularMaterials - Plastics and Elastomers.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2017. Published January 2018. Originallyapproved
13、in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D3851 07(2012).DOI: 10.1520/D3851-17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summa
14、ry page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized princip
15、les on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.19. Retest and Rejection9.1 If any failure occurs, the materials may be retest
16、ed toestablish conformity in accordance with agreement betweenthe purchaser and the seller.10. Packaging, Marking, and Labeling10.1 PackagingThe material shall be packed in standardcommercial containers, so constructed as to ensure acceptanceby common or other carriers for safe transportation at the
17、lowest rate to the point of delivery, unless otherwise specifiedin the contract or order.10.2 MarkingThe shipping container shall be marked withthe name, type, and quality of material in accordance with thecontract or order under which the shipment is made. Theshipping container shall also be marked
18、 with the name of themanufacturer and the contract or order number.10.3 LabelingIn order that purchasers may identify prod-ucts complying with all requirements of this specification,producers choosing to produce such products in conformancewith this voluntary specification may include a statement in
19、conjunction with their name and address on labels, invoices,sales literature, and the like. The following statement issuggested.10.3.1 “This product conforms to all the requirements forGrade _ established in ASTM Standard SpecificationD3851. Full responsibility for conformance of this productwith th
20、e standard is assumed by (name and address ofconverter or distributor).11. Keywords11.1 footwear; microcellular; polyurethane; shoe; shoe sol-ing; sole; urethaneAPPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. METHODS FOR DETERMINING MATERIAL SHRINKAGEX1.1 RationaleX1.1.1 Any material shrinkage has the potenti
21、al to affectprocessing (such as ease of removal of parts from molds) andthe finished parts dimensions. Minimum and maximum re-quirements for shrinkage shall be agreed on between thepurchaser and the supplier. Two examples of procedures formeasuring that material shrinkage are given below.X1.2 Proced
22、ure AX1.2.1 Measure the length of the cavity of the mold to thenearest 0.5 mm or 0.02 in. Make the measurement with themold at room temperature.X1.2.2 Mold at least three sound test parts from the materialto be tested under such conditions of pressure, temperature,flow rates, time, etc., as the manu
23、facturer and the purchasermay agree are suitable for the material.X1.2.3 After removal from the mold, allow the parts to coolto room temperature before being measured. The period ofstorage for initial molding shrinkage shall be 2 6 0.25 h.Measure the length of each part to the nearest 0.5 mm or 0.02
24、in. Measure the parts again not less than 20 nor more than 24h to obtain the “24-h shrinkage,” and again not less than 40 normore than 48 h after molding, in order to determine the “48-h”or “normal” mold shrinkage.TABLE 1 Physical Property Requirements on Polyurethane Shoe SystemsPropertyGradeASTMMe
25、thod123DensityAAAD792, D3489,or D1622Tensile strength, min, MPa (psi) 4.9 (700) 3.5 (500) 2.8 (400) D412Ultimate elongation, min, % 300 275 250 D412Tear, Die C, min, kN/m (lbf/in.) 22.0 (125) 22.0 (125) 17.5 (100) D624Tear, min, kN/m (lbf/in.) 11.5 (65) 7.0 (40) 4.4 (25) D1938Hardness, Shore A Durom
26、eterAAAD2240Cut-growth resistance, minimum cycles at: D105220F0F75F30 00075 000150 00010 00030 00075 00010 00020 00050 000Taber abrasion (wear index), H-18 wheel, 1000 g, 1000 cycles 100 200 300 D3489AAs agreed upon between the purchaser and the seller.D3851 172X1.2.4 Calculate the percent shrinkage
27、 by subtracting thedimension of the specimen from the corresponding dimensionof the mold cavity in which it was molded, multiply by 100,and divide the difference by the length of the mold cavity.X1.2.5 Repeat the initial, 24-h, and 48-h shrinkage ex-pressed in percent and each representing the mean
28、of valuesobtained on three or more specimens.X1.3 Procedure BX1.3.1 After removal form the mold, allow the part andmold to cool to room temperature. The period of cooling shallbe 2 6 0.25 h.X1.3.2 Measure the length of the cavity of the mold to thenearest 0.02 mm or 0.001 in.X1.3.3 Measure the lengt
29、h of the part to the nearest 0.02mm or 0.001 in.X1.3.4 Material ShrinkageCalculate the percent changeas follows:% change in length 5Lm2 LpLm3100 (X1.1)where:Lm= length of mold at room temperature, andLp= length of molded part at room temperature.SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee D20 has identified the loc
30、ation of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(D385107(2012) that may impact the use of this standard. (December 1, 2017)(1) Title changed.(2) Replaced urethane with polyurethane in 1.1.(3) Added new Terminology Section 3 and definition formicrocellular polyurethane.(4) Renumbered s
31、equential sections.(5) Replaced urethane with polyurethane in renumbered 4.1.(6) Removed permissive language in renumbered 4.1.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are
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