1、2013-2014学年江苏省扬州中学高三第一学期期末考试英语试卷与答案（带解析） 其他 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入 一个最恰当的单词。 注意：请将答案：写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只写一个单词。 Problem: On the scale of problems, “pictures of food on the Internet” is firmly first-world. And that is almost certainly a too-generous definition of “problem.” When it comes to p
2、hotographing and putting your dinner on line, I say live and let live, you know Maybe your salad was particularly inviting and pleasing that night, and I, too, have spent many an hour clicking “random” on Smitten Kitchen and salivating（流口水） . But I assume if youre making the effort to arrange your f
3、ood artfully and preserve its memory in a digital archive, you must. like food. And want it to taste good. A recent study published in the Journal of Consumer Psychology suggests that spending time focusing on images of food makes the food itself less satisfying. Methodology: The researchers assumed
4、 that imagining enjoying something might lead to satiation - the feeling that makes the second piece of cake taste not-quite-as-good as the first. To test this, they had some people participate in two experiments that they were told were separate - one in which they rated how appetizing different ph
5、otos of food looked, and one in which they ate some peanuts and rated how much they enjoyed them. A separate group of people did the same experiment again, but in the photo-rating portion, some were asked to rate how appetizing the food was or to choose a preference between two foods, and some were
6、asked to rate the brightness of the photo itself. Results: The more photos of food people looked at, the less they enjoyed the peanuts - if they were looking at photos of salty food. People who looked carefully at images of sweets enjoyed the peanuts more, suggesting that imagination causes satiatio
7、n only if youre imagining a similar food. In the second experiment, participants who focused on the brightness of the photos were able to enjoy the peanuts more than those who were thinking about the deliciousness of foods while they looked at the images. Implications: Youll probably enjoy your food
8、 more if you dont take a picture of it, or scroll through images of cookies at work and then eat one when you get home. This also has potential implications for advertisers, who may unknowingly be giving away satiation for free when they show images of chicken wings or whatever in front of us all da
9、y long. But luckily the study provides a hint: Try not to think about the foods taste while you take a photo - just focus on your composition. 答案： 【小题 1】 share 【小题】 reduces/ affects/ decreases/ lessens 【小题】 appetite 【小题】 rate 【小题】 conducted/ made/ done 【小题】 inviting/ attractive 【小题】 different 【小题】 e
10、nables/ allows/ causes 【小题】 Avoid 【小题 1 】 promote 试题分析：文章介绍现在很多人喜欢在网上和别人分享自己的食物，但是研究发现花时间在网上看食物的照片会减少对食物的满意，想象食物会让你对真正的食物失去胃口。 【小题 1】句意归纳题：从第一段的句子： When it comes to photographing and putting your dinner on line, I say live and let live, you know 可知现在很多人喜欢在网上和别人分享自己的食物，填 share 【小题】句意归纳题：从第二段的句子： A re
11、cent study published in the Journal of Consumer Psychology suggests that spending time focusing on images of food makes the food itself less satisfying.可知花时间在网上看食物的照片会减少对食物的满意，填 reduces/ affects/ decreases/ lessens。 【小题】句意归纳题：从第三段的句子： The researchers assumed that imagining enjoying something might l
12、ead to satiation - the feeling that makes the second piece of cake taste not-quite-as-good as the first. 可知想象食物会让你对真正的食物失去胃口。填 appetite 【小题】词形转化题：从第三段的句子： To test this, they had some people participate in two experiments that they were told were separate - one in which they rated how appetizing diff
13、erent photos of food looked, and one in which they ate some peanuts and rated how much they enjoyed them.可知实验中两组人被要求将真正的食物和照片进行排列，填 rate。 【小题】句意理解题：从第四段的句子： A separate group of people did the same experiment again, but in the photo-rating portion, some were asked to rate how appetizing the food was
14、or to choose a preference between two foods,可知同样的实验被做，填 conducted/ made/ done 【小题】句意理解题：从第五段的句子： The more photos of food people looked at, the less they enjoyed the peanuts - if they were looking at photos of salty food. 可知看了太多的咸的食物会让花生对人们失去吸引力，填 inviting/ attractive 【小题】句意理解题：从第五段的句子： suggesting th
15、at imagination causes satiation only if youre imagining a similar food. 可知看相似的食物的 图片会增加胃口，但是不同的食物不会。填 different 【小题】句意理解题：从第五段的句子： participants who focused on the brightness of the photos were able to enjoy the peanuts more than those who were thinking about the deliciousness of foods while they loo
16、ked at the images.可知看明亮的照片的人更能够享受花生。填 enables/ allows/ causes 【小题】句意归纳题：从最后一段的句子： Try not to think about the foods taste while you take a photo - just focus on your composition.可知拍照的时候，不要想着食物的味道。填 Avoid“避免 ” 【小题 1】句意归纳题：从最后一段的句子： This also has potential implications for advertisers, who may unknowin
17、gly be giving away satiation for free when they show images of chicken wings or whatever in front of us all day long.可知食品广告商应该完善他们的推销食品的广告。填 promote 考点：考查任务型阅读 单项选择 * -Mary knocked into a tree last night while driving, but she is all right. -She is lucky. She herself badly. A should injure B might i
18、njure C should have injured D could have injured 答案： D 试题分析： 句意： -玛丽昨晚开车的时候撞到了树上，但是她没事。 -她很幸运，她本来可能伤的很严重的。因为玛丽没事，所以伤的严重只是虚拟语气，因为是对过去的虚拟，所以排除 AB， should have done本应该做而没做，不符合句意， could have done过去本可能做而没做，所以选 D。 考点：考查情态动词的虚拟语气 It is a common for Chinese to have banquets or drinking parties when treating
19、 important guests, on major occasions and during festivals. A sense B practice C rule D reality 答案： B 试题分析： 句意：对中国人来说在重要场合和节日中招待重要的客人举行宴会和酒会是惯例。 Common practice“惯例 ”， common sense“常识 ”， rule“规定 ”，reality“现实 ”，选 B。 考点：考查名词和搭配 With several rounds of talks, the union leaders successfully an agreement f
20、or a shorter working week. A deserved B negotiated C persuaded D demanded 答案： B 试题分析： A. deserved值得， B. negotiated谈判达成，成功越过，议价出售 ， C. persuaded说服， D. demanded要求，句意：经过几轮的谈话，工会的领导人成功的对减少一周的工作时间达成协议。根据句意选 B。 考点：考查动词词义辨析 -Could you help me take care of my pet dog on the 19th - Im afraid Im not that day.
21、 A vacant B sufficient C available D convenient 答案： C 试题分析： A. Vacant空缺的， B. sufficient足够的，充足的， C. Available可获得的，可利用的，有空的， D. Convenient方便的，句意： -19号你能帮助我照看我的宠物狗吗？ -恐怕那天我没有空。 Convenient的主语不能是人，选 C。 考点：考查形容词辨析 -My Dad began to teach me English when I was eight. -Wow. You must have studied English for
22、six years, A havent you B mustnt you C neednt you D dont you 答案： A 试题分析： 句意： -我爸爸在我 8岁的时候开始教我英语。 -哇哦，你一定是学习英语 6年了， 是吗？很明显这是一个反意问句，前面的陈述句部分用 must have done 是对过去的推测，反意问句要看时间，如果陈述句有具体的过去时间，就用一般过去式，如果陈述句部分没有具体的过去时间，就用现在完成时，这里的 for 6 years是和现在有关的时间，用现在完成时，选 A。 考点：考查反意问句 -With the countrys pension fund ga
23、p becoming wider than ever, retirement age should be postponed immediately. -Easier said than done. we take all factors into account, we shall be faced with some other social problems. A Unless B Until C When D Once 答案： A 试题分析：句意： -随着国家养老基金缺口 越来越大，退休年龄应该立刻被推迟。 -说起来容易做起来难。 -如果我们不将所有的因素考虑在内，我们会面临很多其他的
24、社会问题的。用 unless引导条件状语从句， “除非，如果不 ”，until“直到 ”， when“当 时候 ”， once“一旦 ”，根据句意选 A。 考点：考查连词 - We had really smoggy December this year. - I cant remember winter when air was polluted so severely. A a; / B a; the C the; the D a; a 答案： D 试题分析： 句意：今年我们度过了一个雾霾的 12月份。 -我不记得有一个冬天空气被污染的如此严重的。第一空填 a，泛指 “一个雾霾的 12月份
25、 ”，第二空填a，泛指 “一个冬天 ”，选 D。 考点：考查冠词 At present, there are many instances the governments distribute money to the citizens worldwide, but the sources of fund are still limited. A how B which C where D when 答案： C 试题分析：句意：现在有很多的政府把钱捐献给全世界范围的人的例子，但是资金的来源还是很有限。这里是定语从句，先行词是 instances，定语从句中不缺主宾表，缺少 in the ins
26、tances，是抽象的地点，用 where引导定语从句，选 C。 考点：考查定语从句 - Shall we watch Personal Tailor directed by Feng Xiaogang this weekend - . Isnt it meaningful that we do some voluntary work in the nursing house A How come B Forget it C Dont mention it D Couldnt agree more 答案： B 试题分析： A. How come怎么回事？ B. Forget it 忘了吧，得了
27、吧， C. Dont mention it不用谢， D. Couldnt agree more再同意不过了，句意： -这个周末我们去看冯小刚导演的私人定制好吗？ -得了吧，难道到疗养院做些志愿者的工作不是更有意义吗？所以选 B。 考点：考查交际用语 On 5 December 2013, China Central Bank prohibited financial institutions from handling Bitcoin transactions, _ to regulate the virtual currency. A moved B to move C having mov
28、ed D moving 答案： D 试题分析： 句意：在 2013年 12月 5号，中国中央银行禁止一些非银行金融机构进行比特币交易 , 开始管理虚拟货币。这里是伴随状语，因为 China Central Bank和 move是主动关系，用现在分词，选 D。 考点：考查现在分词做状语 - Do you remember the first time you with a foreigner - Not really, but I remember it was in a KFC. A. talked B. had talked C. have talked D. are talking 答案：
29、 A 试题分析： 句意：你记得你第一次和外国人谈话吗？ -不太记得了，但是我记得是在肯德基。因为是 the first time，还有 it was ，说明这次谈话是过去发生的，用一般过去时，选 A。 考点：考查时态 - Got your US visa -Not yet. I too busy to apply for an appointment, so I didnt go to Shanghai last week A was B have been C had been D would be 答案： C 试题分析： 句意： -拿到美国签证了吗？ -还没有，我一直忙着申请约会，所以上周
30、没有去上海。由 I didnt go to Shanghai last week，可知一直忙是过去的过去发生的事情，所以用过去完成时，选 C。 考点：考查时态 A case of suspected food poisoning in New York has led to 6 high school students to hospital. A being sent B sent C sending D to be sent 答案： A 试题分析： 句意：纽约一个疑似食品中毒的案件已经导致 6名高中生被送到医院了。 Lead to“导致 ”其中的 to是介词，后面接动名词的符合结构：逻辑主
31、语（ 6 high school students） +动名词，因为 students和 send是被动关系，用动名词的被动，选 A。 考点：考查动名词的被动 -The manager finally agreed to our new marketing proposals. -It never occurred to me you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. A which B what C that D if 答案： C 试题分析：句意： -经理最后终于同意我们的新市场议案了。 -我从没有想到你能成功的说服他改变
32、主意。这里使用了固定句型： It occurs/occurred to sb that .“ 某人突然想起 ”,it 是形式主语， that引导的是真正的主语从句，所以选C。 考点：考查固定句型 -Is there anything else I can do for you, Jeff -No. Thanks. I really appreciate when you lent all your notes to me before the exam. A one B it C that D this 答案： B 试题分析： 句意： Jeff，有什么其他事情要我为你做的吗？ -不谢谢，如果你
33、在考试前能将你所有的笔记借给我，我就很感激了。这里 appreciate是 “感激，感谢 ”，不能直接接从句 ，要先接形式宾语 it，再接从句，所以选 B。 考点：考查代词 完型填空 Even though Danish students have equal access to education, their choice of studies is still influenced by social class. Young people from working class backgrounds are by studies with a clear job profile侧面，半
34、面，外形，轮廓 and high income, prestige and studies with a strong identity interest young people of parents with university degrees when choosing which studies to . This is what researchers from the University of Copenhagen in a new study. Students who have chosen to study medicine, architecture, economy
35、and sociology often come from homes where the parents have higher education, whereas business studies and pharmacy often young people with a working class background. This is by a research team from the University of Copenhagen and Aalborg University in a new study. “There is a between the studies c
36、hosen by young Danes and their background. Even for the young people who have very good grades in their A-level exams, and who could successfully admission to a large variety of studies, the parents of education and social class play an important role in their choice,” says Education Sociologist Jen
37、s Peter Thomsen, who is one of the researchers behind the study. The study “The Educational Strategies of Danish University Students from Professional and Working-Class Backgrounds” is 60 interviews with Danish students from six different university level study programmes: Medicine, architecture, so
38、ciology, economy, pharmacy and business studies. The young people bring with them the they get from their families. If you grow up in a home with parents who are doctors or architects with a strong professional , it is an obvious choice to follow the path as your parents when you grow up. “For young
39、 people whose parents are university educated, such as fame and mastery of expert knowledge are important. They are by an educational culture in which you are a diligent student, and where leisure activities are to the identity that lies within your studies. These young people have also grown up wit
40、h discussions around the dinner table which also prepare them for their lives as students,” says Jens Peter Thomsen. He also added, “Young people who come from a working class background, and have good grades have to the full range of opportunities they have. But the effort to reach this goal must s
41、tart early”. 【小题1】 A monitored B motivated C motioned D multiplied A while B although C when D if A pursue B engage C involve D conduct A calculate B suspect C conclude D achieve A required B confirmed C refused D completed A subscribes to B caters to C sticks to D appeals to A inquired B proved C e
42、xtended D acquired A connection B comparison C difference D contradiction A educational B political C social D professional A balance B develop C identify D seek A situation B judgment C level D preference A connected with B based on C committed to D combined with A resources B experiences C finance
43、 D memory A degree B identity C success D responsibility A perfect B usual C common D same A changes B problems C factors D characters A disturbed B moved C puzzled D attracted A tied B accustomed C transferred D copied A practical B topical C physical D medical A take charge of B take control of C
44、take advantage of D take care of 答案： 【小题 1】 B 【小题 2】 A 【小题 3】 A 【小题 4】 C 【小题 5】 D 【小题 6】 D 【小题 7】 B 【小题 8】 A 【小题 9】 C 【小题 10】 D 【小题 11】 C 【小题 12】 B 【小题 13】 A 【小题 14】 B 【小题 15】 D 【小题 16】 C 【小题 17】 D 【小题 18】 A 【小题 19】 B 【小题 20】 C 试题分析： 文章介绍哥本哈根大学的一项新的调查结果 :虽然丹麦的教育是平等的，但是对于如何选择学业，年轻人还是受到父母的教育水平和社会地位影响
45、。 【小题 1】考查动词辨析： A. monitored监控， B. motivated激发， C. motioned打手势，向某人点头或摇头示意， D. multiplied成倍增加，繁殖，来自工人阶级家庭的学生被有清晰的工作的学业吸引，选 B 【小题 2】考查连词辨析： A. while然而， B. although虽然， C. when 当 时候，D. if如果，这里是和有大学学位的父母的孩子相比，表示转折，选 A 【小题 3】考查动词辨析： A. pursue追求，继续， B. engage从事，使从事（某种事业等），吸引或 引起， C. involve涉及， D. conduct实施
46、，指挥，但是在选择继续哪个学业的时候，声誉和牢固的地位对有着大学学位的父母的年轻人来说更感兴趣，选 A 【小题 4】考查动词辨析： A. calculate计算， B. suspect怀疑， C. conclude总结，D. achieve达到，这是来自哥本哈根大学的研究人员得出的结论，选 C 【小题 5】考查动词辨析： A. required要求， B. confirmed证实， C. refused拒绝，D. completed完成，选择医学，建筑，经济，社会学的孩 子的父母是完成的高等教育的，选 D 【小题 6】考查动词短语辨析： A. subscribes to同意，订阅， B. ca
47、ters to喜欢，C. sticks to坚持， D. appeals to吸引，商业的学习经常吸引来自工人阶级的家庭的学生，选 D 【小题 7】考查动词辨析： A. inquired询问， B. proved 证明， C. extended 延伸，D. acquired获得，这被 Copenhagen 和 Aalborg大学的研究团队在一项新的研究中证实了，选 B 【小题 8】考查名词词义辨析： A. connection 联系， B. comparison对比， C. difference不同， D. contradiction矛盾，否认，反驳，在年轻的丹麦人中选择的学业和社会背景之间有
48、着联系，选 A 【小题 9】考查形容词辨析： A. educational教育的， B. political 政治的， C. social社会的， D. professional专业的，从第一段的句子： Even though Danish students have equal access to education, their choice of studies is still influenced by social class.可知是选 C 【小题 10】考查动词词义辨析： A. balance平衡， B. develop发展， C. identify 识别， D. seek寻求，甚至对一些在 A水平测试中获得很好的成绩的学生，他们可以成功的获得各种学业的录取，选 D 【小题 11】考查名词词义辨析： A. situation形势， B. judgment判断， C. level水平， D. preference偏爱，父母的教育水平和社会地位在他们的 选择中起着重要的作用，选 C 【小题 12】考查动词辨析： A. connected with 和 有联系， B. based on基于， C. committed to承诺， D. co
