1、2011-2012学年湖南省益阳市箴言中学高二下学期期末考试英语试卷与答案（带解析） 其他 Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage. Bicycle rental companies in Beijing are going broken, because nobody wants to hire their services. Major rental operators have invested about 100 million
2、yuan ($14.7 million) in almost 20,000 bicycles but are now struggling to survive. A spokesman from the Bird of Freedom Bicycle Rental said the company had already sold most of the 400 bicycles.“This is a difficult business, especially when it is cold.The cold weather almost killed the business.” he
3、said. Bigger rental companies are also facing challenges.Beijing Bicycle Rental Co. Ltd. which owns 8,000 bicycles, has invested more than 30 million yuan over the past year.Wang Yong, chairman of the group, said his company had not made a profit since it began in 2005. Almost all bicycle rental com
4、panies in Beijing require deposits of 300 to 400 yuan and then customers need to pay 10 yuan or more per hour.“I dont want to pay 400 yuan to rent a bike.Its too dear,” said Zhang Yu, a student in Communication University of China, who does not own a bike and often takes motorized rickshaws.“If rent
5、ing for one day will cost 20 yuan and I rent a bike for five days, I can use the money to buy a new one.” Although facing economic ruin, some enterprises are still hoping that conditions will improve. IbikeMedia, one of the biggest bicycle rental companies in China, also invested tens of millions yu
6、an in Beijing and has more than 10,000 bicycles.Li Weiwei, general manager of IbikeMedia Beijing, said his company has a policy of no deposit and no payment.He said the company tried to put advertisements on the bicycles and in this way, they could make profits.But they had not made a profit yet bec
7、ause of its small scale.However, customers must pay 20 yuan per card and also show proof of good personal credit. In early July, the Beijing municipal government announced plans to develop a 50,000-bicycle rental operation across the city.“The bigger network we have, the more citizens will rent bike
8、s， ” Li said.“This will make rental easier to citizens and we strongly need help from the government.” 【小题 1】 In which season is the bicycle rental business the most difficult in Beijing (No more than 2 words) _ 【小题 2】 List the reasons why Zhang Yu is not willing to rent a bike.(No more than 6 words
9、) _ 【小题 3】 How can IbikeMedia possibly make a profit according to Li Weiwei (No more than 6 words) _ 【小题 4】 What is the main idea of the passage ？ (No more than 10 words) _ 答案： 【小 题 1】 In winter. 【小题 2】 High deposits and rental fee. 【小题 3】 By putting advertisement on the bikes. 【小题 4】 Bicycle rental
10、 companies in Beijing are going broke./Bicycle rental companies in Beijing are now struggling to survive./Bicycle rental business in Beijing is in a difficult state. 试题分析：本文主要讲述的就是北京的自行车出租行业所遇见的困难。 【小题 1】 In winter. 细节题。根据第二段最后一句 .The cold weather almost killed the business.” he said.说明在冬天这项生意最难。 【小
11、题 2】 High deposits and rental fee. 细节题。根据第四段 1,2行 Almost all bicycle rental companies in Beijing require deposits of 300 to 400 yuan and then customers need to pay 10 yuan or more per hour.说明押金高，租金高是主要的原因。 【小题 3】 By putting advertisement on the bikes. 细节题。根据倒数第二段 4,5行 He said the company tried to pu
12、t advertisements on the bicycles and in this way。说明他想要在车身上打广告 的方式。 【小题 4】 Bicycle rental companies in Beijing are going broke./Bicycle rental companies in Beijing are now struggling to survive./Bicycle rental business in Beijing is in a difficult state. 主旨大意题，本文主要讲述的就是北京的自行车出租行业所遇见的困难。 考点：考查新闻报告类短文
13、点评：本文主要讲述的就是北京的自行车出 租行业所遇见的困难，本文主旨鲜明 ,很容易在文中找到答案：。做题时要注意文章的首段和每一段的首句或尾句，因为它们往往就是文章的主题句。阅读中要注意要点之间的关系。然后带着问题，再读全文，找出答题所需要的依据，完成阅读任务。 Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer. While it is impossibl
14、e to live completely free of stress, it is possible to prevent stress as well as reduce its effect when it cant be avoided. The US Department of Health and Human Services offers the following suggestions for dealing with stress Try physical activity When you arc nervous, angry or upset, try releasin
15、g the pressure through exercises or physical activity Running, walking, playing tennis, or working in your garden arc just some of the activities you might try Take care of yourself You should make every effort to eat well and get enough rest If you easily get angry and cannot sleep well enough, or
16、youre not eating properly, it will more likely that you will fall into stressful situation If stress repeatedly keeps you from sleeping, you should consult a doctor Make time for yourself Schedule time for both work and entertainment Dont forget, play can be just as important to your overall well-be
17、ing as work- You need a break from your daily routine to just relax and have fun Go window-shopping or work on a hobby Allowing yourself at least a half hour each day to do something you en Joy Make a list of the things you need to do Stress can result from disorganization and a feeling that theres
18、so much to do, and not enough time Trying to take care of everything at once can be too much for you and as a result, you may not achieving anything Instead, make a list of everything you have to do, then do one thing at a time, checking off each task as it is completed Set out to do the most import
19、ant tasks first How to deal with stress 【小题 1】 Solution/Ways Action(s) Being nervous, angry or upset Trying physical activity running wakling playing tennis 【小题 2】 【小题 3】 Not sleeping well enough Eating【小题 4】 Taking care of yourself cating well 【小题 5】 consulting a doctor Schoduling time for both wor
20、k and entertainment not properly 【小题 6】 for yourself 【小题 7】 working on a hobby doing something you enjoy 【小题 8】 and feeling that time is not enough Making a list of the things you need to do 【小题 9】 at a time 【小题 10】 each task as it is completed setting out to do the most important tasks first 答案： 【小
21、题 1】 Phenomena/Symptoms 【小题 2】 gardening/working in gardens 【小题 3】 Easily getting angry 【小题 4】 improperly 【小题 5】 getting enough rest 【小题 6】 Making time 【小题 7】 going window-shopping 【小题 8】 Disorganizing time 【小题 9】 doing one thing 【小题 10】 checking off 试题分析： 【小题 1】 Phenomena/Symptoms 总结归纳题。根据文章第三段 1,2
22、行 You should make every effort to eat well and get enough rest If you easily get angry and cannot sleep well enough, or youre not eating properly。说明这些都是症状。 【小题 2】 gardening/working in gardens 根据文章第二段第 2行 working in your garden。 【小题 3】 Easily getting angry 细节题。根据第三段第一行 If you easily get angry。 【小题 4】
23、 improperly 原词再现。根据第三段第二行 youre not eating properly。 【小题 5】 getting enough rest 推理题。 根据 cannot sleep well enough说明要让自己得到充分的睡眠。 【小题 6】 Making time 原词再现。根据 Make time for yourself。 【小题 7】 going window-shopping 原词再现。根据 Go window-shopping or work on a hobby。 【小题 8】 Disorganizing time 总结归纳，根据文章最后一段 1,2行 S
24、tress can result from disorganization and a feeling that theres so much to do, and not enough time。 【小题 9】 doing one thing 根据文章倒数 2,3行 do one thing at a time。 【小题 10】 checking off 根据文章倒数第二行 checking off each task as it is completed。 考点：考查任务型阅读 点评：该题型要求考生首先要阅读短文，然后再研究表格，运用原词再现，归纳总结，词性转换等方式对文章中的相应的语群进
25、行分析。 Now let me tell you about the work I have been doing with the UN. My job with the UN is not paid but voluntary, and 【小题 1】 I said before, I visit countries where the UN has programmes to help people. So, 【小题 2】 do I help by visiting these countries Well, 【小题 3】 I visit these countries, the tele
26、vision and press will follow and record my visits. This will increase peoples knowledge of the work of the UN. In addition, my visits will encourage people 【小题 4】 are working on the projects and draw local peoples attention 【 小题 5】 the situation. I have visited many countries in Africa. Recently, I
27、was fortunate 【小题 6】 to travel to South Africa, where I met some women who have organized themselves into a group. They collect approximately 1.35 yuan per day from each member and add 【小题 7】 to some money contributed by the government. With this, the women have enough money to acquire materials to
28、make baskets. They then sell these at the market for 【小题 8】 profit. With luck their group will be able to expand and maybe set up a shop. Such programmes can transform peoples lives by giving them the ability to provide for themselevs and their families. 答案： 【小题 1】 as 【小题 2】 how 【小题 3】 if/when 【小题 4
29、】 who/that 【小题 5】 to 【小题 6】 enough 【小题 7】 it 【小题 8】 a 试题分析： 【小题 1】 as 本题的 as指 “正如 ”；正如我以前所说。 【小题 2】 how 根据上文可知我到有联合国计划的国家去帮助他们。那么通过到他们的国家，又是如何帮助他们的的呢？根据句意说明这里使用 how表示如何。 【小题 3】 if/when 根据时态，主句中使用了将来时，前面的条件句中使用了一般现在时。故使用 if引导。 【小题 4】 who/that 本句是定语从句，用 who/that指代前面的表示人的先行词在句中做主语。 【小题 5】 to 固定词组 draw
30、ones attention to 使 注意 【小题 6】 enough 本句用 enough来修饰形容词 fortunate。我很幸运能到南非 旅游。 【小题 7】 it it指代上文出现的同一事物在句中做为 add的宾语。 【小题 8】 a 这里的 a表示泛指利润。 考点：考查考生在上下文中的词汇和运用语法的能力 点评：本文对考生的要求较高，既要有很强的词汇能力，也要有较好的语法能力。在平时要多积累多辨析。 单项选择 * The truck ran down the hill, and the driver _, according to the local newspaper, to h
31、ave been killed. A was reported B was reporting C reported D had been reported 答案： A 试题分析：考查时态。句意：卡车冲下了山，据报道司机已经死掉了。句子的主语 the driver与 report之间构成被动的关系，使用被动语态的形式。根据句意说明司机的死亡是在卡车冲到山下以后的事情，故使用过去谁时即可，故 A正确。 考点：考查时态和语态 点评：英语中的时态主要由动词的形式决定，因此在学习英语时态时，要注意分析动词形式及具体语境，想象在那个特定的时间动作所发生的背景，这个动作是经常性动作、一 般性动作、进行性动
32、作、完成性动作还是将要发生的动作。语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语动词之间的逻辑关系，被动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的承受者。现在完成时的这一用法常用 ever, never以及表示次数的词或短语作时间状语。 People often have this belief _economic development is bad for the environment, but this does not have to be true. A what B which C that D when 答案： C 试题分析：考查同位语从句。本句中的 that引导的是同位语从句，解释名词 th
33、e belief的内容。 That在句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。句意：人们经常有这样的观点，经济发展对环境是有害的。但是这未必就是对的。故 C正确。 考点：考查名词性从句 点评：名词性从句的考查集中在引导词的选择上，连接词 that, whether, if在句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用；连接代词 who(ever), which(ever), whom(ever),whose(ever),what(ever)在句中做主语，宾语，表语和定语；连接副词 when, why, where, how，在句中做状语。应从上下句的句法关系着手分析，切不可 望句形生答案： 总的来说，考生在解答此
34、类型时，可用排除法或造句法，造句法就是仿造原句的语法功能仿造出一个易懂易理解的句子，帮助判断。 I dont think Susan will be sad but Ill go and comfort her _ she is. A in case B even though C as if D unless 答案： A 试题分析：考查连词辨析。 A以防； B即使； C似乎，好像； D除非 ,如果 不 ；句意：我认为 Suan不会难过的，但是我还是去安慰她以防她难过。故 A正确。 考点：考查连词辨析 点评：此题主要考查连词的辨析，选择连词主要是看前后句的关系，因果关系用表因果的连词，转折关系
35、用转折连词，并列关系用并列连词，要求考生具有一定的句子分析能力和词义辨析能力。 China Business Daily reported the 60% discounts on some Beijing-shanghai flights have now slipped back to 20% _ one day in advance. A when books B when to book C when booking D when booked 答案： D 试题分析：考查状语从句的省略。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且状语从句中有系动词 be的时候，可以把状语从句的主语和 be动词
36、一起省略。本题在 when和 booked之间省略了 it is；句意：如果提前一天预订，从北京到上海的机票折扣从百分之 60下降到百分之 20.故 D正确。 考点：考查状语从句的省略 点评：当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且状语从句中有系动词 be 的时候，可以把状语从句的主语和 be动词一起省略。如果状语从句中有 it is的时候， it is 也可以省略。 With so many people _ around her, the girl felt very nervous and grasped her mothers hand tightly. A standing B havi
37、ng stood C stood D stand 答案： A 试题分析：考查 with复合结构。本句中的 with的宾语 so many people与动词stand之间构成主动的关系，故使用现在分词的形式做宾语补足语。句意：因为有很多人围着她，这个女孩感觉很紧张，紧紧地抓住妈妈的手。故 A正确。 考点：考查 with复合结构 点评： with的复合结构为： with+宾语 +宾语补足语；宾语补足语可以是名词，代词，形容词，副词，现在分词，过去分词，也可以是不定式。对宾语的情况进行补充说明。当做宾语补足语的动词与宾语构成被动关系的时候，使用过去分词的形式；当二者构成主动关系 的时候，使用现在分
38、词的形式。要注意 With的复合结构经常与独立主格结构转换使用。 Its reported that Nest Chat allows users to block others when they want to avoid _. A to be disturbed B to disturb C being disturbed D disturbing 答案： C 试题分析：考查固定搭配。固定搭配 avoid doing sth避免做某事；句意：据报道当用户想避免被打扰的时候， Nest Chat可以让用户屏蔽其他人。根据句意使用了被动语态。故 C正确。 考点：考查固定搭配 点评：动词 av
39、oid后面要接动名词的形式，根据本句的句意要使用被动语态的形式。 To tell the truth, I would rather that I _ the pain instead of you. You dont know how worried I was. A took B had taken C have taken D should have taken 答案： B 试题分析： 考查虚拟语气。短语 would rather 后面的从句使用虚拟语气，如果是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，要使用过去完成时的形式，如果是与现在事实相反，要使用一般过去时。句意：说实话，我宁愿我来承担这些痛苦，
40、而不是你。你不知道我有多么的担心。说明本句是与过去的事实相反，故使用过去完成时。故 B正确。 考点：考查虚拟语气 点评：短语 would rather 后面的从句使用虚拟语气，如果是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，要使用过去完成时的形式，如果是与现在事实相反，要使用一般过去时。 By the time you get to Beijing tomorrow, I _ for Shanghai. A am leaving B should have left C will leave D will have left 答案： D 试题分析：考查时态。本题的关键词是 by the time 到 时为止；
41、该词经常与完成时连用，如果后面是现在的时间，句中就使用现在完成时；如果后面是过去的时间，就使用过去完成时；如果后面是将来的时间，就使用将来完成时。本题 by后面接的时候时间状语从句，使用一般现在时代替将来时，后面的主句使 用将来完成时。句意：到你明天到北京的时候，你已经出发去上海了。故 D正确。 考点：考查时态 点评： by the time 到 时为止；该词经常与完成时连用，如果后面是现在的时间，句中就使用现在完成时；如果后面是过去的时间，就使用过去完成时；如果后面是将来的时间，就使用将来完成时。 to be the best one in the group, she had an opp
42、ortunity to enter for the final competition. A Judging B To Judge C Having judged D Judged 答案： D 试题分析：考查分词做状语。本句中的动词 judge与句子的主语 she构成被动关系，故使用过去分词做状语。句意：被认为在这一群里最好的一个人，她有机会进入最后的决赛。故 D正确。 考点：考查分词做状语 点评：当分词做状语的时候，如果构成分词的动词与句子的主语构成主动关系，就使用现在分词做状语；当二者构成被动关系，使用过去分词做状语。如果分词的动作发生在谓语动词之前，就使用分词的完成式。如果分词与句子的主
43、语没有关系，可以使用状语从句或者独立主格结构。 the teachers advice yesterday, you _in hospital now. A Were you to follow B Had you followed, wouldnt be C Had you followed, wouldnt have been D If you followed, wouldnt have been 答案： B 试题分析：考查错综条件句的虚拟语气与倒装。本句条件句是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，中使用过去完成时，如果条件句中省略了 if，要使用部分倒装的形式。同时这句的主句中与现在事实相反
44、，要使用 “情态动词 +动词原形 ”。句意：如果我昨天采纳了老师的建议，你现在就不会住院。故 B正确。 考点：考查虚拟语气和倒装 点评：当条件句与主句的时间不一样的时候，要分别根据不同的时间使用不同的时态，同时如果条件句中省略 if句子要使用部分倒装的形式。 When caught in the exam， he begged for my pardon and tried punishment. A cheating； escaping B cheating； to escape C to be cheating； escaping D to be cheating； to escape 答
45、案： B 试题分析：考查固定点评。固定搭配 catch sb doing sth发现某人正在做某事；try to do sth努力做某事；句意：当被发现在考试中作弊的时候，他乞求我的原谅并努力逃脱惩罚。故 B正确。 考点：考查固定搭配 点评：在高中的学习中平时要多积累固定搭配的用法，考试时只能凭借记忆力来答题，尤其是单项选择很难推出某个搭配的意思，所以平时的积累记忆是尤其重要的。学生可以将常考的全部积累在一起，通过反复的复习，从而达到永久的记忆下来。 The project _ by the end of 2012, will expand the citys telephone networ
46、k to cover 2000000 users. A being accomplished B accomplished C to be accomplished D having been accomplished 答案： C 试题分析：考查不定式做定语。本题中的时间是 2012年底，这是一个将来时的时间状语，说明该事情是未来完成的，故使用不定式表示未来。 A项表示正在被做； B/D项表示被动和已经完成； C将要被完成；将要：这项将在 2012年底被完成的项目，将会拓宽城市的电话网络指 2百万户。故 C正确。 考点：考查不定式用法 点评：本题重在理解非谓语动词的用法，非谓语动词是高考语法点
47、的重中之重。把握好以下的知识： to do 表目的、将来 ； doing 表主动、伴随； done表被动、完成。同时答题步骤为： 1.判断是否为非谓语动词，看是否有连词。 2.找逻辑主语。 3.判断逻辑主语与非谓语动词的关系。 4.看是否非谓语动词动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，如果是之前，就用完成式的形式。 “We_ the train had we left earlier,” the wife complained to the husband. A wouldnt miss B wouldnt have missed C would miss D would have missed 答案： B 试题分析：考查虚拟语气和倒装。本句是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，条件句中使用过去完成时，主句使用 “情态动词 +have done”的形式。如果省略了 if，条件句中要使用部分倒装的形式。本题中的 had we left earlier是由 If we had left earlier 变化而来。句意：如果我们早点出发，我们就不会错过火车。故 B 正确。 考点：考查条件句虚拟语气和倒装 点评：如果过去事实相反，条件句中使用过去完成时，主句使用 “情态动词+have done”; 如果主句与现在事实相反，条件句中使用过去时， be动词使用 were,主句中使用“情态动词 +动词原形
