1、2012-2013学年上海市金山中学高二上学期期末考试英语试卷与答案（带解析） 其他 Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given inthe brackets. 【小题 1】志愿者经历让我受益匪浅。（ benefit） 【小题 2】由于天气不好，音乐会很可能会推迟。 ( likely ). 【小题 3】毫无疑问家庭教育影响孩子的成长。（ doubt ) 【小题 4】汤姆不能与人很好沟通，因为他总是缺乏与人眼神交流。（ lack） 【小题 5】过了三天她才想起把词典忘在学校图书馆了。（ remembe
2、r） 答案： 【小题 1】 I have benefited a lot from my volunteer experience. 【小题 2】 Because of the bad weather, the concert is likely to be put off. 【小题 3】 There is no doubt that family education affects the growth of the kids. 【小题 4】 Tom cant communicate well with others because /for he always lacks eye cont
3、act. 【小题 5】 It was three days later that she remembered leaving /having left her dictionary in the school library. 试题分析：不同的民族有不同的习惯和表达方法。一句话，一个词，在一个国家表达的是好意，引起人们好的联想和情感，在另一个国家转达的可能是坏意，引起 人们不好的联想和情感。如果翻译不注意，就有可能引起误解或不快。而如果我们注意这些差异，在译文中加以运用，就可以收到较好的效果。在翻译不涉及政治、经济等重要问题，只涉及生活习惯、日常用语时，可以更灵活些，按照译入语的习惯说法表达
4、意思。 考点：考查运用语言的能力。 点评：提醒考生注意句子的语言通顺，能够使用正确的单词、短语、句式及句子的时态语态等，这需要考生有扎实的基础知识。 Read the following passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. The library is one of the most popular places at a Western university. Students turn to it for research,
5、 conversations about class, and many other services. Compared with Chinese libraries, college libraries in the US and UK tend to offer more resources. A graduate student at Yale University can borrow as many as 225 books at a time. In addition to borrowing books, there are online and electronic reso
6、urces. These include a database (数据库 ) search of popular and academic material, such as LexisNexis Academic, which offers items from newspapers and magazines. Although books and articles are the items that students ask for most frequently, some libraries provide video recordings. At some schools, te
7、achers and tutors put electronic copies of their teaching PPTs on the library Web to give easier access for students. Another useful service in Western college libraries is the Interlibrary Loan. This allows a student at one school to borrow books from another school. The loan request is made throug
8、h the students college library, which gets the book, gives it to the user, and arranges for its return. Technology has made libraries more attractive. Some universities have services for students to send messages through the computer. Earlier this year, Harvard University introduced a new Scan and D
9、eliver service, allowing students to make requests for parts of books and articles. Requests made through the system are handled by library staff. The student receives an e-mail with an Internet link to the scanned pages. The service is free and all material comes within four days. It used to be tha
10、t libraries didnt allow food or drinks. But that rule is changing and many of them now contain a caf so students can spend as much time as they want in the library. Additionally, some US university libraries are now all-night affairs, or have at least one study room open all night. (Note: Answer the
11、 questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.) 【小题 1】 In comparison with Chinese libraries, college libraries in the US and UK not only_. 【小题 2】 According to Paragraph 4 and 5, what are the two useful services for students in Western College libraries 【小题 3】 The purpose of Harvard
12、 Universitys introducing a new Scan and Deliver service is to let _. 【小题 4】 What have some US university libraries done for a change 答案： 【小题 1】 lend books but (also) offer more (online and electronic) resources 【小题 2】 Providing video recordings and the Interlibrary Loan. 【小题 3】 students make request
13、s for parts of books and articles 【小题 4】 They have started cafes /have offered caf services and become all-night affairs / let students stay longer. 试题分析：本文叙述了中国和美国英国的图书馆有什么不同，主要以大学的图书馆为例而进行比较的，外国的图书馆提供了网上和电子资源，并且可以提供视频文件和实行了馆际互借，一些图书馆给学生 提供咖啡，还可以通宵服务，或者至少有一间学习室是通宵开业。 【小题 1】根据 In addition to borrowi
14、ng books, there are online and electronic resources.可知不仅可以借书，还提供了网上和电子资源。 【小题 2】根据 some libraries provide video recordings. Another useful service in Western college libraries is the Interlibrary Loan.可知图书馆可以提供视频文件和实行了馆际互借。 【小题 3】根据 Harvard University introduced a new Scan and Deliver service, allow
15、ing students to make requests for parts of books and articles.允许学生提出请求他们所要的书或文章。 【小题 4】根据 many of them now contain a caf so students can spend as much time as they want in the library. Additionally, some US university libraries are now all-night affairs, or have at least one study room open all nigh
16、t.一些图书馆给学生提供咖啡，还可以通宵服务，或者至少有一间学习室是通宵开业。 考点：这是一篇记叙文。 点评：这类的阅读理解答案：最好从原文中找，稍微改动一下就可以了，还需要考生的就是用英语的语言的组织和表达能力。 Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. roots B. but C. covered D. reproduce E. energy
17、 F. probably G. gaining H. surrounding I. supplied J. life Life on land probably began about 430 million years ago, though it has existed in the water for perhaps as much as 3,000 million years. When we think of the first 【小题1】 on land, we 【小题 2】 think of strange animals coming out of the oceans, bu
18、t, in fact, no animals could have been living if plants had not been on land first. Plants had to be on land before animals arrived. They 【小题 3】 the first land animals with the 【小题 4】 and food necessary, since they -the plants are the only form of life that is able to get and store 【小题 5】 . The firs
19、t plants to exist out of the water were probably certain kinds of algae （ 藻类 ）which were followed by other plants that grew close to the ground and needed water in which to 【小题 6】 . Once the move to land has been made, however, evolution took place quickly. By the end of 100 million years, plants ha
20、d developed their 【小题 7】 , and some have got tree-like forms since height was very important in 【小题8】 sunlight. About 300 million years ago, much of the world was 【小题 9】 with forests of huge trees. In most ways they were like modern trees. They had roots, leaves, wood, but mostly they had not develo
21、ped seeds. 答案： 【小题 1】 J 【小题 2】 F 【小题 3】 I 【小题 4】 H 【小题 5】 E 【小题 6】 D 【小题 7】 A 【小题 8】 G 【小题 9】 C 试题分析：本文向我们介绍了世界上的第一批生命是出现在海洋里，紧接着慢慢地在海洋的周围有一些近海的植物，然后出现了陆地上的植物，这样陆地上的植物就为 动物的出现提供了生存环境及食物，随之，世界上的森林就多了起来。 【小题 1】根据 Life on land probably began about 430 million years ago,这里提到生命，上下文的呼应，故选 J。 【小题 2】根据 but,
22、 in fact, no animals could have been living if plants had not been on land first.我们很可能想起陆地上的生命是动物，而实际上不是，故选 F。 【小题 3】这是动词短语 supplywit h为 提供，植物为第一批的动物提供生存环境和食物，故选 I。 【小题 4】植物为第一批的动物提供生存环境和食物，故选 H。 【小题 5】根据我们的常识，植物是能够得到和储存能量的，故选 E。 【小题 6】藻类之后的第一批植物也是需要接近水，来进行繁殖，故选 D。 【小题 7】根据我们的常识植物发展了它们的根，故选 A。 【小题 8
23、】因为植物需要长高去吸引阳光，故选 G。 【小题 9】是短语 be covered with 被 所覆盖，世界上覆盖着森林，故选 C。 考点：这是一篇说明文。 点评：随着英语考察深度和广度加大，出现了新型阅读理解 -选词填空题，该题型是一种综合性很强的阅读类试题，集阅读理解与完形填空于一身，主要考查学生对词汇、句型、语法知识的综合运用能力、阅读能力以及逻辑推理、综合判断和分析归纳的能力。要求学生根据文章含义从所给的 10个词汇中选出 9 个恰当的词，每词只能用一次，并用其正确形式进行填空，使短文语法正确、意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。该题设置灵活，难度较大，考生极易失分。 单项选择 * The
24、 last time we had a family reunion was _ my brothers wedding ceremony four years ago. A over B at C on D in 答案： B 试题分析： at the wedding ceremony在婚礼上，介词是固定搭配。句意：上次我们一家的重聚是在四年前的我的弟弟的婚礼上。故选 B。 考点：考查介词短语的用法。 点评：本题难度适中。介词短语也是高考的热点，需要考生平时多积累，注意它们的用法及区别。 即学即练： The televisionw set was _. A. over B. at C. on
25、D. in ： C。句意：电视机开着。 During the 1960s, songs about winter _ by many famous rock groups were popular among people of different ages. A released B being released C releasing D having been released 答案： A 试题分析： songs与 release之间是被动关系， being released表示正在被发行，不符合语境； having been released一般不做定语，故选 A。 考点：考查非谓语动
26、词的用法。 点评：本题难度适中。非谓语动词是近几年高考的热点，本题是对已学知识点的回顾，需要考生能够理解该题的语言环境，进而作出正确的判断。会判断非谓语动词与它的逻辑主语之间是什么关系，需要考生掌握非谓语动词的不同形式的用法区别等。 即学即练： Music is a great channel for _ your emotions. A. released B. being released C. releasing D. having been released ： C。句意：欣赏音乐是宣泄情感的好方法。 Passengers on board arent allowed _ calls
27、during take-off. A making or receiving B having made or received C to have made or received D to make or receive 答案： D 试题分析： allow sb to do sth这里是短语的被动形式，动词不定式的完成时表示它的动作在谓语动词之前发生，不符合句意，故选 D。 考点：考查动词短语的用法。 点评：本题难度适中。本题对已学知识点的回顾，考查最基本的常见的动词短语的意义。需要考生平时多记多练。 即学即练： I appear _ a small mistake. A. making
28、B. having made C. to have made D. to make ： C。句意：我好象犯了个小小的错误。 Do you know _ had reported the accident to the police A who it was that B who was it that C it was who that D that it was who 答案： A 试题分析：这是强调句型，其结构是： It was+被强调部分 +that/who+其他。判断强调句型的方法是把 It was that 这三个词去掉，整个句子不缺成分，意思完整。当被强调部分是连词 who时，其顺
29、序是 who it was that，故选 A。 考点：考查强调句型的用法。 点评：本题难度适中。强调句型是高中阶段的重难点之一，也是高考的热点，需要考生有分析理解句子的结构的能力。近几年高考把强调句型与其他从句混合在一起考查更增加了试题的难度。 即学即练： It is what you do rather than what you say _matters. A.that B. what C.which D. this ： A。这是一个强调主语的强调句型，去掉强调结构，剩下的是 Whatyou do rather than what you say matters.表意完整。 More a
30、nd more Chinese people follow the practice _ they will travel to various scenic spots to enjoy the scenery in their leisure time. A whether B which C where D that 答案： D 试题分析：这是同位语从句，从句中不缺少任何成分， that在同位语从句不作成分，没有意义，故选 D。 句意：越来越多的中国人都遵循一个规律，在他们空闲的时候 他们去风景胜地去旅游。 考点：考查同位语从句的用法。 点评：本题难度适中。同位语从句是高中的重难点之一，
31、需要考生必须有分析理解复杂的句子结构的能力，还必须能够理解句意。弄懂定语从句和同位语从句的区别。 即学即练： The boy put the ink pot back _ it came from. A. whether B. which C. where D. that ： C。句意：男孩把墨水瓶放回原来的地方。 _ that my dearest friend would play a trick on me in front of all my students. A Never I thought B Never did I think C I thought never D Neve
32、r thought I 答案： B 试题分析： Never是否定副词，放在句首句子用部分倒装，以否定副词开头并加状语放在句首的句子要求部分倒装。这些否定副词有 barely, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely when, never, no sooner than, rarely, no more, not nearly, not only等以及 only。 考点：考查部分倒装的用法。 点评：本题难度适中。本题对已学语法知识点的回顾，否定副词放在句首句子用部分倒装，需要考生熟记倒装的各种情况。 即学即练： _ let the disease stop him f
33、rom living the kind of life he has always dreamt about. A. Nor did he B. Nor hedid C. Did he nor D. So did he ： A。句意：疾病没有使他放弃过上梦想中的生活。 _ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring. A To walk B Walking C Walked D Having walked 答案： B 试题分析： walk的逻辑主语是 he，他们之间是主动关系，又因为 Walk 与
34、 feel需同时发生，故用 Walking，所以选 B。 考点：考查非谓语动词的用法。 点评：本题难度适中。非谓语动词是近几年高考的热点，需要考生能够理解该题的语言环境，进而作出正确的判断。会判断非谓语动词与它的逻辑主语之间是什么关系，需要考生掌握非谓语动词的不同形式的用法区别等。 即学即练： _ through the forest, we found a wide prairie. A. To walk B. Walking C. Walked D. Having walked ： D。句意：走出森林 ,我们发现了一片广阔的草原。 The Spring Festival is our tr
35、aditional festival, _ people usually visit their friends and relatives. A for which B to which C during which D about which 答案： C 试题分析：这是一个定语从句，先行词是 traditional festival，在节日期间用during，故选 C。 考点：考查定语从句的用法。 点评：本题难度适中。定语从句是英语语法中非常重要的内容，在阅读和理解过程中起着极其重要的作用。定语从句的考查关键在于定语从句的成分分析，需要考生有分析理解复杂的句子结构的能力。 即学即练： Th
36、is is the book _they are talking. A. for which B. to which C. during which D. about which ： D。句意：这就是他们正在谈论的那本书。 Considering that she did her work _ her manager had instructed, it was not proper to criticize her. A as B until C when D though 答案： A 试题分析： as按照； until直到； when何时； though尽管，虽然。句意：考虑到她是按照她的
37、经理的要求做的，批评她是不合适的。根据句意故选 A。 考点：考查连词的用法。 点评：本题难度适中。判断从句中用哪个连词，需用记住连词的用法，在句中的作用，连词也是高考的热点，需要考生平时多练习。需要考生会分析句子成分理解句意 。 即学即练： He said he would come, he didnt _. A. as B. until C. when D.though ： D。句意：他说他要来，结果他却没来。 Im only brave when I have to be. _ doesnt mean you go looking for trouble. A To have been b
38、rave B Having been brave C Being brave D Be brave 答案： C 试题分析：根据语法动词不定式和动名词的完成式都表示它们的动作先于谓语动词的动作，这里不符合句意，故排除 AB； Be brave不能做主语，故排除，所以选 C。 考点：考查非谓语动词的用法。 点评：本题难度适中。非谓语动词是近几年高考的热点，本题是对已学知识点的回顾，需要考生能够理解该题的语言环境，进而作出正确的判断。会判断非谓语动词与它的逻辑主语之间是什么关系，需要考生掌握非谓语动词的不同形式的用法区别等。 即学即练： _ the same mistake twice was un
39、forgivable. A. To have been made B. Having been made C. To have made D. Be made ： C。句意：两次犯同样的错误是不可原谅的。 Standing on the top of the Oriental Pearl TV Tower, _ a good birdseye view of Shanghai city. A it will be B you will get C there will be D it will have 答案： B 试题分析：因为整个句子已有非谓语动词 Standing它的逻辑主语必须是人，这
40、样两者才能构成主动关系，故选 B。 考点：考查非谓语动词的用法。 点评：本题难度适中。非谓语动词是近几年高考的热点，本题是对已学知识点的回顾，需要考生能够理解该题的语言环境，进而作出正确的判断。会判断非谓语动词与它的逻辑主语之间是什么关系，需要考生掌握非谓语动词的不同形式的用法区别等。 即学即练： The road _ caused us to be late for our work for half an hour A blocked B was blocked C blocking D being blocked ： D。做主语的表示上班迟到的原因，自然应该是 “交通堵塞 ”，而不是 “
41、被堵的道路 ”，所以还是动名词复合结构，答案：为 D。 His ability has never been in doubt-the question is _ or not he is prepared to work hard. A that B if C where D whether 答案： D 试题分析： whether与 or not可以连用， if与 or not不可以连用，其他的选项都不与 or not连用。故选 D。 考点：考查连词的用法。 点评：本题难度适中。判断从句中用哪个连词，需用记住连词的用法，在句中的作用，连词也是高考的热点，需要考生平时多练习。需要考生会分析句子
42、成分理解句意。 即学即练： Dont leave it _ the kids can reach it. A. that B. if C. where D. whether ： C。句意：不要把 它放在孩子们能够到的地方。 -Look! The girl passing by must be a newcomer! -No, she _ be a newcomer. Im sure it is at least one year since she came to live here. A shouldnt B cant C mustnt D oughtnt 答案： B 试题分析： shoul
43、dnt 和 oughtnt不应该； mustnt禁止； cant “不可能 ”。 因为第二句中有 Im sure说明说话的人语气很肯定，所以前面用 cant “不可能 ”。句意：-看！正过去的那个女孩一定是新来的。 -不，她不可能是新来的。我确定她来这里住至少一年了。 考点：考查情态动词的用法。 点评：本题难度适中。情态动词是高中阶段的重难点之一，需要考生熟记它们的用法，在各类考试中经常出现，情态动词的完成式主要用于表示对过去情况进行推测或责备也是高考常考的内容。 即学即练： The baby is asleep. You _ make any noise. A. shouldnt B. ca
44、nt C. mustnt D. oughtnt ： C。句意：孩子在睡觉，你们禁止制造任何噪音。 China won 100 medals in the Beijing Olympic Games, which are almost _ those of the Sydney Olympic Games. A twice as many as B as many as twice C as much as twice D twice as much as 答案： A 试题分析：（ 1） 倍数 +形容词（或副词）的比较级 +than This rope is twice longer than
45、that one这根绳的长度是那根绳的三倍。（比那根绳长二倍） This hall is five times bigger than our classroom这个大厅比我们的教室大五倍。（是我们教室的六倍） The car runs twice faster than that truck这辆小车的速度比那辆卡车快两倍。（是那辆卡车的三倍） （ 2） 倍数 +as+形容词（或 much）或副词 +as Asia is four times as large as Europe亚洲的面积是欧洲的四倍。 This big stone is three times as heavy as tha
46、t one这块大石头的重量是那一块的三倍。（这块石头比那块重二倍） The plane flew ten times as high as the kite那架飞机飞行高度是那个风筝的十倍。（高出九倍） （ 3） 倍数 +the size（ length， height ） of This street is four times the length of that street这条街是那条街的四倍长。 This hill is four times the height of that small one这座山的高度是那座小山的四倍。（比那座小山高三倍） 也可用： The height o
47、f this hill is four times that of that small one 2. 要用名词表示 “量 ”的倍数时，则用以下两个句型： （ 1） 倍数 +more+名词（可数，不可数） +than There are four times more books in our library than in yours我们图书馆藏书（数量）是你们图书馆藏书的四倍。（我们图书馆藏书 比你们的多三倍。） We have produced twice more grain this year than we did last year我们今年生产的粮食比去年增长一倍。（是去年的两倍
48、） （ 2） 倍数 +as many（或 much） +名词 +其他 +as After the technique was introduced， the factory produced twice as many tractors in 1988 as the year before采用新的技术以后 ，那个工厂 1988年生产的拖拉机是前一年（ 1987年）的两倍。（比前一年增长一倍） There is three times as much water in this pot as in that one这个壶里的水（量）是那个壶里的三倍。 这里是第二种的情况倍数 +as+形容词（或 much）或副词 +as，故选 A。 考点：考查倍 数表达法的用法。 点评：本题难度适中。倍数表达法是高中英语教学的重点，也是历年的高考热点之一。掌握倍数的表达
