1、2013届江西省八校高三联考英语试卷与答案（带解析） 其他 l Scientists guess that 80% of a persons weight gain comes from genetics and 20% comes from the persons environment. By 1998, more than 130 genes and gene neighbors were found to have some link to weight gain or weight loss in people. These different genes can either wo
2、rk all together or work in groups. This means that different people may _or lose weight with difficulty for different reasons. 2 One example of these different kinds of combinations is a family of genes that allows people to change extra fat into heat instead of storing the fat in the body. Animals
3、which have this same family of genes do not gain weight easily as other animals. Other genes may affect how quickly the stomach lets the brain know that it is full. If these genes slow down the passage of this information, people may eat more than they really need. Genes are also thought to be linke
4、d with a persons fidgets in a day. Fidgeting is small movements of a persons hands, feet, arms or legs usually when the person is nervous or excited. Fidgeting actually uses a lot of energy over a day and his energy usually comes from burning fat. 3 In one experiment about weight gain, researchers w
5、anted to see how much energy different people used when they were resting. People in the experiment were asked to lie on a bed and not move for 40 minutes. Researchers then measured the energy the person used for breathing. They found that different people in the study used very different amounts of
6、 energy for this one job, breathing. Researchers calculated that some people in the study burned 1,067 calories per day while others burned up to 3,015 calories. Those people who burn fewer calories doing normal work or exercise have a slow metabolism(新陈代谢 ). 【小 题 1】 What is the main idea of this pa
7、ssage ( no more than 10 words. ) 【小题 2】 When may people eat much more than they really need ( no more than 12 words ) _ 【小题 3】 Please fill in the blank in the first paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (no more than 5 words. ) 【小题 4】 Whats the conclusion of the experiment
8、 ( no more than 15 words. ) 【小题 5】 What does the underlined word it (in Paragraph 2) probably refer to (no more than 3 words) 答案： 【小题 1】 The relation between gene and weight gain. 【小题 2】 When the genes dont pass the information to the brain on time./ When the genes slow down the information to the b
9、rain. 【小题 3】 gain weight easily/put on weight easily/ become fat easily 【 小题 4】 In general, different people burn up different amount of calories every day. 【小题 5】 the stomach 试题分析：文章主要讲解了科学家发现基因与增肥之间的关系。 【小题 1】整篇文章从第一段中可以看出，文章主要讲解了科学家发现基因与增肥之间的关系。即 The relation between gene and weight gain. 【小题 2】从
10、第二自然段 If these genes slow down the passage of this information, people may eat more than they really need. 可知，当基因没有及时传递信息给大脑时，即 When the genes dont pass the information to the brain on time./ When the genes slow down the information to the brain. 【小题 3】后文讲到了对于增肥与基因之间的关系，科学家做了实验，所以可知，这里填 gain weight
11、easily/put on weight easily/ become fat easily句意：这意味着不同的人增肥或减肥很困难是因为不同的原因。 【小题 4】从最后一段知，不同个人每天消耗卡路里是不同的，即 In general, different people burn up different amount of calories every day. 【小题 5】从第二段知，别的基因会对胃是否饱了这样的信息传递速度产生影响，故 it 指代 the stomach 考点：健康类说明文 点评：说明文是高 考必考题型，此类题型比较好解答，在答题过程中注意结合题目在文章中找到答案：的位置，
12、注意字数方面的限制。 同时，如果字数过多可以将修饰成分去掉，只留主干部分。 单项选择 * Generally speaking,_ good education is regarded as _ticket to success. A /; / B a; a C /; a D a; the 答案： B 试题分析：句意：一般来说，一个好的教育就是通向成功之门的钥匙。 a good education 一个好的教育，抽象名词具体化，用不定冠词 a 修饰； a ticket一张票，故选 B. 考点：冠词 点评：冠词分不定冠词和定冠词两种，本题着重理解定冠词和不定冠词的区别，对于冠词特指和泛指的考察是
13、历年来高考的必考点，平时的学习要多进行积累，仔细分析特指还是泛指。同时，更为重要的是要多去积累习惯表达，特殊表达，这也是近几年高考习惯考的地方。总而言之，多解题、多理解、多积累才是制胜的法宝。 Id rather have some wine, if you dont mind. . Dont forget you must drive. A Anything but that B By all means C Take it easy D I wont say no to this 答案： A 试题分析： A. Anything but that决定不可以 B. By all means一定
14、 C. Take it easy 别着急 D. I wont say no to this我不会拒绝的；句意：如果你不介意的话，我宁愿喝点酒。绝对不行。难道你忘了你得开车吗？ 考点：交际用语 点评：英语中日常交际用语比较多，诸如打电话、购物、问候、看医生等涉及到生活的方方面面。平时的英语学习要对这些场景所用的英语有一定的了解，知道各个场景下的习惯用语及固定句型。同时，也可以通过排除法对题目进行解答。 The worlds elderly population will exceed(超过 ) _ of children by 2060, when each group _ to account
15、 for about one fifth of the population. A that ; is expected B it; will expect C that; expects D one ; will be expected 答案： A 试题分析：句意：到 2060年为止是，世界老年人口的数量将超过孩子们人口的数量，到那时，分别占到了整个人口的五分之一。 that指代 the population, be expected to 有望 , 不定式形式表将来。 考点： that用法及 be expected to固定句型 点评： that和 it 主要的区别在于 It 常用来代替前
16、文中所提到的同一个东西 ，属于同名同物，而 that属于同名异物。 The umbrella you bought is cheaper than that I bought. （替代词 that在该句中特指 “the umbrella I bought”, 以区别 “the umbrella you bought”）；而 one 表泛指。 The U. S declares it has the best medical technology in the world， but quite a lot of Americans have no _to health care service
17、A devotion B entrance C access D introduction 答案： C 试题分析： A. devotion 奉献 B.entrance入口 C. access通道，途径，使用权 D. introduction介绍，句意：美国宣称自己有世界最好的医疗技术，但是很多的美国人并没有享有健康医疗保障。 have access to 有 的权利。 考点：名词词义辨析及固定结构 点评：词义辨析题在高考中有所涉及，每年的趋势不尽相同。对于词义辨析题目，首先可以从句意着手，看懂句意是解答此类题目的关键，其次四个选项的意思也要了如指掌。这对于平时学生的学习仔细度提出了要求，学生在
18、平时的学习中要勤积累，多记忆，多查字典，以便在考试时能够迅速准确的答出。 Wed better _ some sports because sports can give us a perfect build and protect us from getting illness easily. A make up B take up C pick up D build up 答案： B 试题分析： A. make up组成，编造 B. take up占据 ，从事 C. pick up捡起 D. build up增进，加强；句意：我们最好做一些体育运动，因为运动能够给我一个好的体魄，防止我们得
19、病。故选 B. 考点：动词短语辨析 点评：动词短语的辨析，在英语中属于难把握的题目，因为英语中有很多类似的短语，但是诸如此类的动词短语，也有常考的短语，学生在平时学习过程中要多进行记忆，积累。考试时必须理解句意，细心作答。 Making mistakes is a part of life. _ matters is _ you do afterwards. A It; what B All; what C What; what D That; what 答案： C 试题分析：句意：犯错误是人生一部分，真正重要的 是之后我们所做的。第一空中 what引导主语从句，在句中作主语；第二空 what
20、引导表语从句，做 do的宾语。故选 C. 考点：名词性从句 点评：名词性从句是高考必考点，名词性从句分为主语、宾语、表语、同位语从句四种，除宾语从句外，同位语从句和定语从句的区别是高考常考点。同位语从句和定语从句的区别在于： that作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略； that引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。 _ the past, leaving the sadness behind, _ youll see the door of a new bright world open before you. A F
21、orget; and B Forgetting; and C Forget; / D To forgetting; / 答案： A 试题分析：句意：忘记过去，将悲伤抛在脑后，你就会看见一个全新的灿烂的世界之门，正在你前面敞开。 “祈使句 + and / or + 陈述句 ”这一句式，祈使句动词原形开头， and 后面接一个陈述句，表示好的方面，用 or意为 “否则 ”，后面讲的对立面。 考点：祈使句 点评： “祈使句 + and / or + 陈述句 ”这一句式是近几年高考英语一个十分重要的考点。针对这一句式的设题主要有三种可能： 1.考查其中的连词是用 and 还是 or； 2. 考查其中的
22、 “祈使句 ”句首的动词用何形式； 3. 考查其中的 “陈述句 ”谓语用何时态 I hope that my father will quit smoking because I want him to live my grandpa does. A as a long and healthy life as B as long and healthy a life as C such long and healthy a life as D so long and healthy a life as 答案： B 试题分析：句意：我希望我的父亲能够戒烟，因为我想让他和我爷爷一样健康长寿。当 a
23、s as 中间有名词时采用以下格式。 as +形容词 + a +单数名词，so as 一般用于否定句中，故选 B. 考点： as.as的结构 点评： “as + 形容词或副词原级 + as”是高考中需要掌握的语言点，注意一下两点： 1）在否定句或疑问句中可用 so as 。如： He cannot run so/as fast as you.2）当 as as 中间有名词时采用以下格式。 as +形容词 + a +单数名词； as + many/much +名词 Its very funny that many people who lose weight gain it back after
24、 some time and end up back _ they started. A when B after C since D where 答案： D 试题分析：句意：很有趣的是在一段时间之后许多减肥的人又胖了回来，又回到了原点。首先，整个大句子是一个主语从句。 it 充当形式主语，句子还原后应为： Many people who lose weight gain it back after some time and end up back where they strated is very funny. 其次，句子的主干部分为 Many people is funny. 其中用了
25、一个 who引导的定语从句修饰先行词 many people表示 是怎么样的 许多人 。然后， end up back where they started 实际上是 end up (coming) back where they strated 是一个地点状语从句。这边的 where是一个抽象意义的地方。故选 D. 考点：状语从句 点评：状语从句也是高考的常考点，它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、 让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词 (从属连词 )引导，也可以由词组引起。 The government officia
26、ls met the workers and engineers working on the stadium, most _ being migrant workers. A of them B of what C of whom D of which 答案： A 试题分析：句意：政府官员们慰问了工作在体育场上的工人和工程师们，他们中的大部分都是农民工。本题中逗号后面 没有谓语动词，所以不是个句子，不能用连词，排除法选 A. 考点：句子逻辑成分 点评：本题是典型的句子成分题，对于高中的英语，不管是单项还是阅读理解，对于长句子都可以采用句子成分的方法来解答，通过划分句子成分来理解句子的内部逻辑
27、关系，是理解一个句子最好的方法，本题中亦采用了此方法。 Our special thanks go to thousands of volunteers, without _tireless work, none of this would be possible A whose B which C whom D that 答案： A 试题分析：句意：非常感激成千上万的志愿者们，没有他们不知疲倦的工作，这些都是不可能实现的。整个句中有两个主语，两个谓语，句子必须要有连接词。 whose谁的，在定语从句中做定语修饰主语或是宾语。故选 A. 考点：非限制性定语从句 点评：本题有难度，对于定语从句的
28、题，必须先判断句子中是否缺主宾表，如果缺则用 which， that 等关系代词，如不缺则用关系副词作状语，如果修饰主语，则用 whose 来修饰。定语从句学生应在平时掌握三个问题：一是先行词的判定；二是引导词；三是引导词在从句中成分问题。解题时要注意比较选项的差异，仔细作答。 If there hadnt been so much smog in Beijing, we_ the beautiful scenery across the Tiananmen Square. A enjoyed B would have enjoyed C had enjoyed D would enjoy 答
29、案： B 试题分析：句意 ：如果在北京没有这么多烟雾，我们在穿过天安门广场时能够欣赏到很多漂亮的风景。 if引导的从句如果表示与事实相反或是假设，要用虚拟语气。本题中对过去进行虚拟，主句用 would have done. 考点：虚拟语气 点评： if的虚拟语气非常重要，简要概括如下： 1、表示与现 在事实相反的情况，从句： If主语 +过去时 (Be动词用 were)；主句：主语+should/would/could/might+do： 2、表示与过去事实相反的情况，从句： If主语 +had+done；主句：主语 +should/would/could/might+have done 3、
30、表示对将来情况的主观推测，从句： if+主语 +were to do if+主语 +should+do if+主语+did（动词过去式） /were ；主句：主语 +should/would/could/might+do No worker and no engineer who it is that is for the explosion of the chemical factory. A know; to blame B would know; blamed C know; to be blamed D knows; to blame 答案： D 试题分析：句意：没有工人和工程师知道，
31、到底谁应该为化工厂的爆炸负责。each,every,no所修饰的名词即使以 and或是逗号连接成多个并列主语，谓语动词仍用单数形式。 No worker and no engineer虽然是 and连接，但是谓语动词要用单数形式， sb be to blame for sth某人因某事而被责备，主动形式表被动意思。固定结构，故选 D. 考点：主谓一致 点评：分析近五年来的高考题可以发现，高考对主谓一致的考查几乎每年都有所涉及，但题量不大，其因为是这项语法用法比较固定，学生只要理清主谓一致的 “三大原则 ”，记住这些用法就能很好地把这项语法学会；当然高考命题多以特殊点为切入点，学生应注意三大原则
32、里边的一些变化，同时对于某些固定结构也要加强记忆。 _we promise continuous increase in rural incomes _improve the whole peoples well-being A Only if; we can B If only; can we C Only if; can we D Unless; we can 答案： C 试题分析：句意：只有我们承诺不断地增加农村地区人们的收入，我们才能够提高整个人们的幸福感。 Only if只有，位于句首时主句要部分倒装。 If only要是 该多好啊！故选 C. 考点： Only的倒装 点评： onl
33、y所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句位于句首时，要用倒装语序。如： Only then did I realize the importance of health.到那时我才 认识到健康的重要性。注意： only修饰主语时，句子不需要倒装。 Only he knows the truth.只有他知道真相。 - What was it that made Susan weep - _of cheating in the exam. A Being charged B That she was accusing C Because she was charged D Being accused 答
34、案： D 试题分析：本题中问句中有一个强调句型，理解句意时可以去掉。句意：是什么使苏珊在哭？她被指控在考试中作弊。不用 C答案：，原因在于并非 why提问，无需用 because回答。 be accused of=be charged with 被指控，故选 D. 考点： be accused of的用法 点评：本题中 be charged with也有被控告的意思， accuse 指控，常用的短语是accuse sb of sth控告某人某事，本题中用被动形式。高考中还习惯考 in charge of 负责 ,in the ch arge of 由 负责。 完型填空 We always wa
35、nt what we cannot have. When were young, we want to stay out late, have romantic relationships and be 1 However, when were 2 , we want to go back to being young and we 3 the days when we didnt have to worry about complex love affairs, 4 pressure and money problems Young people believe adulthood 5 fr
36、eedom from parents and schoolwork When they get older, they feel that 6 is freedom from work pressure and family responsibilities. To 7 this feeling, people say, The grass is always 8 on the other side of the fence As 9 , we like to be like adults but as young adults, we 10 to be young again. We thi
37、nk about staying out late and 11 our own money to spend Suddenly, we see that love can result in 12 hearts; staying out late makes it hard to get ready for 13 the next morning. We find out that adult life is not as 14 as we thought it would be and suddenly, 15 becomes very scary Life is 16 It gives
38、us time to 17 but also requires us to work. The time will come when we must grow up and we will always look back wishing we 18 being young a bit longer. That time will not come back. It is normal to want what we cannot have but the 19 is that to be happy is to appreciate what we have That is the fir
39、st step to grow up. 20 life becomes more complex, we will not regret the time we wasted wishing we were adults 【小题1】 A comfortable B dependent C polite D independent A defeated B older C married D confident A like B forget C miss D regret A job B study C age D health A creates B shows C limits D mea
40、ns A adulthood B childhood C parenthood D neighborhood A reduce B experience C describe D understand A thinner B greener C yellow D colorful A researchers B adults C teenagers D elders A decide B wish C return D stop A making B worrying about C having D showing off A healthy B ambitious C excited D
41、broken A breakfast B school C work D exercise A rich B busy C poor D easy A love B life C career D future A long B fair C short D beautiful A study B think C live D play A stopped B imagined C enjoyed D tried A reason B result C truth D dream A When B If C Unless D Before 答案： 【小题 1】 D 【小题 2】 B 【小题 3
42、】 A 【小题 4】 C 【小题 5】 D 【小题 6】 A 【小题 7】 C 【小题 8】 B 【小题 9】 C 【小题 10】 B 【小题 11】 C 【小题 12】 D 【小题 13】 C 【小题 14】 D 【小题 15】 B 【小题 16】 B 【小题 17】 D 【小题 18】 C 【小题 19】 C 【小题 20】 A 试题分析：本文对生命中，人们往往对自己所没有拥有的东西，非常渴望。对自己现在拥有的东西并没有在意，我们只有对现在拥有的东西心存感激，人生才会幸福。 【小题 1】 A comfortable 舒服的 B dependent依靠的 C polite礼貌的D indep
43、endent独立的 ;根据句意：我们年轻的时候，想在外面待到很晚，想谈恋爱，想独立。故选 D 【小题 2】 A defeated被击败 B older 更老的 C married结婚 D confident自信的 ;根据句意：当我们年龄大一些的时候，我们想回到年轻。故选 B 【小题 3】根据句意：当我们不再担心复杂的恋爱关系时，我们却想念那些日子。故选 C 【小题 4】根据前文意思：我们不用再担心复杂的恋爱关系，工作压力，不再为金钱烦恼的时候。故选 A 【小题 5】 A creates创立 B shows表露 C limits限制 D means意味着 ;根据句意：年轻人认为成年人意味着不被家
44、长和家庭作业约束。故选 D 【小题 6】根 据句意：当他们更大一些时，他们感到成年人就没有工作压力和家庭责任。故选 A 【小题 7】 A reduce减少 B experience经历 C describe描述 D understand理解 ;根据文后文可知，这里是描述他们的感受。故选 C 【小题 8】根据文意：栅栏另一边的草总是更绿一些。故选 B 【小题 9】 A researchers研究人员 B adults成年人 C teenagers青少年 D elders老年人 ;根据句意：青少年总是想成为成年人。故选 C 【小题 10】根据前文，作为青少年我们想像成年人一样，作 为成年人，我们有
45、希望我们再次回到童年，故选 B 【小题 11】根据句意，我们想着呆在外边，有我们自己的钱花，故选 have. 【小题 12】 A healthy健康的 B ambitious有野心的 C excited兴奋的D broken破碎的；根据前文，突然我们会感到爱情能导致我们心碎，故选 D 【小题 13】在外面呆到深夜，我们会发现第二天早上难以工作，故选 C. 【小题 14】 A rich富裕的 B busy忙碌的 C poor贫困的 D easy容易的，我们发现成年人的生活与我们曾经所想的不是一样容易的，故选 D 【小 题 15】前文都在讲生活，此处填 life.生活变得令人可怕。 【小题 16】
46、从后文，可知生活是公平的，既给了我们玩的时间也要求我们工作。故选 fair. 【小题 17】通过前后句，可知这里填 play,即给了我们玩的时间。故选 D 【小题 18】 A stopped 停止 B imagined 想象 C enjoyed欣赏、享受 D tried尝试；我们总是回首希望我们能更长时间的来享受童年。故选 C 【小题 19】 A reason原因 B result结果 C truth真相 D dream梦想；但是生活的真理是感激现在我们所有的 ，故选 C 【小题 20】根据前文，那就是我们成长的第一步，当生活变得复杂起来时，我们不会后悔曾经自己希望赶快变成成年人的想法的。 考
47、点：人生百味类议论文 点评：文章围绕对生命的意义来展开讲述。解答此类文章需要对文章花两分钟过的时间进行浏览，把握作者写作的大意，同时将自己设身处地的融入情节中，对于第一遍做不出的题目不要急于作答，将后续题目答完后再仔细作答。 阅读理解 There are records of fingerprints taken many centuries ago. The ancient Babylonians pressed the tips of their fingerprints into clay to record business trade. The Chinese used ink-on
48、-paper finger impressions for business. However, fingerprinting wasnt used as a method for identifying criminals until the 19th century In 1858, Sir William Herschel was working as an official of the Hooghly district in Jungipoor, India In order to reduce fraud（诈骗） , he had people living in the distr
