1、2014届湖南耒阳二中高三第一次月考英语卷（带解析） 其他 Not long ago, people thought babies were notable to learn things until they were five or six months old Yet doctors in the United States say babies begin learning on their first day of life Scientists note that babies are strongly influenced by their environment They sa
2、y a baby will smile if her mother does something the baby likes A baby learns to get the best care possible by smiling to please her mother or other caregiver This is how babies learn to connect and communicate with other human beings One study shows that babies can learn before they are born The re
3、searchers placed a tape recorder on the stomach of a pregnant woman Then, they played a recording of a short story On the day the baby was born, the researchers attempted to find if he knew the sounds of the story repeated while in his mother They did this by placing a device in the mouth of the new
4、born baby The baby would hear the story if he moved his mouth one way If the baby moved his mouth the other way, he would hear a different story The researchers say the baby clearly liked the story he heard before he was born They say the baby would move his mouth so he could hear the story again an
5、d again Another study shows how mothers can strongly influence social development and language skills in their children Researchers studied the children from the age of one month to three years The researchers attempted to measure the sensitivity of the mothers The women were considered sensitive if
6、 they supported their childrens activities and did not interfere unnecessarily They tested the children for thinking and language development when they were three years old Also, the researchers observed the women for signs of depression The children of depressed women did not do as well in tests as
7、 the children of women who did not suffer from depression The children of depressed women did poorly in tests of language skills and understanding what they hear These children also were less cooperative and had more problems dealing with other people The researchers noted that the sensitivity of th
8、e mothers was important to the intelligence development of their children Children did better when their mothers were caring, even when they suffered from depression 【小题 1】 What does the experiment in which newborn babies heard the stories prove （ no more than 5 words） 【小题 2】 In the passage, what fa
9、ctors are mentioned that influence intelligence development in babies （ no more than 8 words） 【小题 3】 Which group of children did the worst in tests of language skills （ no more than 11 words） 【小题 4】 What is the main idea of the passage （ no more than 8 words） 答案： 【小题 1】 Babies can learn before born
10、【小题 2】 The environment, mothers sensitivity and education before birth 【小题 3】 The children of depressed mothers who cared little for their children 【小题 4】 Scientific findings about how intelligence develops in babies 试题分析：本文主要讲述了婴幼儿的智力发育情况，通过两个实验表明：婴儿在生命的第一天就可以开始学习，母亲的情感能强烈地影响孩子的社会发展和语言技巧。影响婴幼儿智力发育的
11、因素有： the environment， education before birth， mothers sensitivity三个方面。 【小题 1】第 三段开头提到 One study shows that babies can learn before they are born。然后开始描述讲实验的过程一直到第四段结束。放一个设备在刚出生第一天的婴儿嘴边，嘴朝向一个方向是播放在妈妈肚子时听过的故事，朝向另一面时放不同的故事。结果婴儿会动嘴以便一遍又一遍地听听过的故事。由此判断：新生儿听故事的实验就证明了婴儿在出生之前就会学习。 【小题 2】通读全文可以看到影响婴儿智力发育的三个因素依
12、次提到并详细描述实验的经过。 1. The environment； 2. education before birth； 3. mothers sensitivity 【小题 3】从文章的最后两段可以看出，如果母亲意志消沉，对自己的孩子关心甚少，那么孩子在智力和语言方面的发育就会比其他孩子差。所以： The children of depressed mothers who cared little for their children did the worst in tests of language skills 【小题 4】文章第一段提到：人们认为婴儿直到五到六个月时才能学东 西。但
13、是美国的医生们说婴儿在它生命的第一天就开始学习了。然后通过实验研究来证明关于婴儿智力发育的情况。 考点：任务型阅读。 D. R. Gaul Middle School is in Union, Maine, a blueberry-farming town where the summer fair finds kids competing in pig scrambles(争夺 ) and pie-eating contests. Gaul, with about 170 seventh- and eighth-graders, has its own history of lower le
14、vel academic achievement. One likely reason: Education beyond the basic requirements hasnt always been a top priority(优先 ) for families whove worked the same land for generations. Here, few adults have college degrees, and outsiders(局外人 ) (teachers included) are often kept at a respectful distance.
15、Since 2002, Gauls students have been divided into four classes, each of them taught almost every subject by two teachers. The goal: To find common threads across disciplines to help students create a big picture that gives fresh meaning and context to their class work - and sparks(激发 ) motivation fo
16、r learning. Working within state guidelines, each team makes its individual schedules and lesson plans, incorporating non-textbook literature, hands-on lab work and field trips. If students are covering the Civil War in social studies, theyre reading The Red Badge of Courage or some other period lit
17、erature in English class. In science, they study the viruses and bacteria that caused many deaths in the war. Team teaching isnt unusual. About 77 percent of middle schools now employ some form of it, says John Lounsbury, consulting editor for the National Middle School Association. But most schools
18、 use four- or five-person teams, which Gaul tried before considering two-person teams more effective. Gaul supports the team concept by looping classes (跟班 ) so that the same two teachers stick with the same teens through seventh and eighth grades. Combining teams and looping creates an extremely st
19、rong bond between teacher and student. It also, says teacher Beth Ahlholm, allows us to build an excellent relationship with parents. Ahlholm and teammate Madelon Kelly are fully aware how many glazed looks they see in the classroom, but they know 72 percent of their eighth-graders met Maines readin
20、g standard last year - double the statewide average. Only 31 percent met the math standard, still better than the state average (21 percent). Their students also beat the state average in writing and science. And in2006, Gaul was one of 47 schools in the state to see testing gains of at least 20 per
21、cent in four of the previous five years, coinciding roughly with team teachings arrival. A Classroom With Context 【小题 1】 of the school Being a farming town, Gaul achieved little in 【小题 2】 before. Further education is considered less important there. The community is relatively 【小题 3】 rather than ope
22、n to the outsiders. Ways of solving the problems dividing the students into different classes and creating ways to make the students well 【小题 4】 to learn. conducting【小题 5】 and lesson plans for each team establishing a strong 【小题 6】 between teacher and students through combining teams and looping 【小题
23、 7】 of success 72 percent of the eighth-graders【小题 8】 Maines reading standard the school beating the state average in 【小题 9】 students math average being 【小题 10】 higher than the state average four of the previous five years witnessing at least 20 percent test gains 答案： 【小题 1】 Problems 【小题 2】 educatio
24、n/academic achievement 【小题 3】 closed 【小题 4】 motivated 【小题 5】 individual schedules 【小题 6】 tie/connection/bond/ relationship 【小题 7】 Signs/ Examples 【小题 8】 reaching/meeting 【小题 9】 writing and science 【小题 10】 10 percent 试题分析：全文叙述了在缅因州的蓝莓 种植小镇上的 D. R. Gaul中学里，人们不重视教育。一个很可能的原因是：在这个祖祖辈辈在土地上耕作的人们，接受基础教育以上的教
25、育不是家庭的最好选择。在这里没有几个成年人有大学学历，而局外人（也包括老师）经常被敬而远之。后来学校改变了教学方法，把学生分成四个班，每个班有两个老师讲课以激发学生学习的动力。每个学生都要有个人计划和课程计划，老师和家长相互建立良好的关系等等。通过努力使该校学生的成绩有了很多的进步。 【小题 1】根据第二段讲到问题所在： Problems of the school。 【小题 2】根据 第二段第一句话： Gaul, with about 170 seventh- and eighth-graders, has its own history of lower level academic ac
26、hievement. （ Gaul中学有 170名其年级和八年级的学生，都有着较低的学术成就。）选择 academic 或者 education。 【小题 3】社区对外界是相对封闭而不是开放的，对老师也是敬而远之。 closed 【小题 4】第三段讲到问题的解决：教学改革。学生被分成四个班。每个班有两个老师教课，找到 不同学科共同的教学思路，来激发学生学习的动力。motivated 【小题 5】根据第四段的 Working within state guidelines, each team makes its individual schedules and lesson plans,（在州
27、的指导方针指引下每个人创造了个人计划和小组计划。）判断填 individual schedules。 【小题 6】根据第五段的 It also, says teacher Beth Ahlholm, allows us to build an excellent relationship with parents.（ Beth老师说，它还允许我们和家长建立很好的关系。）判断是 tie/connection/bond/ relationship。 【小题 7】根据最后一段讲述改革的成功案例判断填： Signs/ Examples 【小题 8】根据最后一段第一句话后半部分： but they kn
28、ow 72 percent of their eighth-graders met Maines reading standard last year（但是他 们知道 72%的八年级的学生去年达到缅因州的阅读标准。）判断填 reaching/meeting 。 【小题 9】根据最后一段： Their students also beat the state average in writing and science. （他们的学生在写作和自然学科中击败州平均分。）判断选择： writing and science 【小题 10】 Only 31 percent met the math st
29、andard, still better than the state average (21 percent)（仅仅 31%的达到数学的标准，比数学的州平均分还高。 考点：任务型阅读。 A group of robbers dug their way into the basement of a bank in Paris and emptied almost 200 private safes(保险箱 ). They entered the Credit Lyonnais branch using building equipment to dig holes and destroy wa
30、lls. 【小题 1】 Saturday night, they tied up a security guard and spent 【小题 2】 next nine hours robbing the bank. One investigator described the robbery 【小题 3】 a “professional job”. The robbers came in at about 22:00 on Saturday 【小题 4】 left at 7:00 on Sunday. They entered through the basements of the nei
31、ghboring building, digging through a series of tunnels and making a hole into a wall of 80 cm thick to get into the bank, 【小题 5】 was having building works at the time. When 【小题 6】 left, the robbers set the place on fire to remove any trace of evidence, switching on the anti-fire system and flooding
32、the building. Fortunately, the guard escaped unharmed. 【小题 7】 is difficult to estimate the total value of 【小题 8】 was stolen as only the banks clients(储户 ) know the content of their private safes. 答案： 【小题 1】 On 【小题 2】 the 【小题 3】 as 【小题 4】 and 【小题 5】 which 【小题 6】 they 【小题 7】 It 【小题 8】 what 试题分析：一群抢劫犯挖
33、了地下通道到巴黎银行的地下室，清空了近 200个私人保险箱。他们进入法国里昂信贷银行分行运用建筑设备来挖洞破墙。这些人把一名保安捆起来，然后用接下来的九个小时抢劫了该银行。抢劫犯在周六大约二十二点进入银行，然后在周日大约七点的时候离开。离开时，这些抢劫犯放火烧了这个地方来消灭任何作为证据的痕迹 。很难估算全部的被盗物品的价值因为只有该银行储户本人才知道他们的私人保险柜里头放的是什么。 【小题 1】在具体的某一天的上午、下午和晚上要用介词 On。 On Saturday night 意为：在星期六晚上。 【小题 2】在这里用 the表特指。 they tied up a security gua
34、rd and spent the next nine hours robbing the bank.他们把一名保安捆起来，然后用接下来的九个小时抢劫了该银行。 【小题 3】 as在这里意为作为。 One investigator described the robbery as a “professional job”. 一名调查人员把此次抢劫说成是 “专业人员干的工作 ”。 【小题 4】 The robbers came in at about 22:00 on Saturday and left at 7:00 on Sunday. 抢劫犯在周六大约二十二点进入银行，然后在周日大约七点的时
35、候离开。用 and 表示动作的先后关系。 【小题 5】 which was having building works at the time. （银行 当时在修建工程）为非限制性定语从句， which为关系代词，代替前面的先行词 the bank，作从句的主语。 【小题 6】 When they left, the robbers set the place on fire to remove any trace of evidence，离开时，这些抢劫犯放火烧了这个地方来消灭任何作为证据的痕迹。用 they指代后面的主语 the robbers 。 【小题 7】 It 代替后面的动词不定式
36、作形式主语。 It is difficult to estimate the total value 很难估算全部的价值。 【小题 8】 It is difficult to estimate the total valueof what was stolen as only the banks clients(储户 ) know the content of their private safes.很难估算全部的被盗物品的价值因为只有该银行储户本人才知道他们的私人保险柜里头放的是什么。what was stolen 是介词 of的宾语从句， what在该从句中作主语。 考点：新闻报道类短文阅
37、读。 单项选择 * -Whats _population of China -China has_ population of 1.3 billion. A a； the B the； a C /； / D the； the 答案： B 试题分析：句意： - 中国的人口是多少？ - 中国有着十三亿人口。 population是一个集合名词 (无复数形式 ),它的用法有时较为特殊。 1.常与定冠词 the连用 ,作主语用时 ,谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。如 :The worlds population is increasing faster and faster.全世界的人口增长得越来越快。
38、 2.有时 population可用作可数名词 ,其前可用不定冠词。表示人口的 “多 ”或 “少 ”,不用 “much”或 “little”,而要用 “large”或 “small”。例如 :India has a large population. 印度人口众多。 3. 当主语是表示 “人口的百分之几、几分之几 ”时 ,谓语动词用复数形式。例如 :About seventy percent of the population in China are farmers.中国大约有百分之七十的人口是农民。故选 B。 考点：考查冠词和 population的用法。 Yesterday aftern
39、oon, I _ basketball with my classmates for two hours. A play B played C have played D had played 答案： B 试题分析：句意：昨天下午我和同学一起打了两个小时的篮球。 Yesterday afternoon是明确的过去的时间状语，只能用过去时。一般过去时也可以表示过去一段时间内发生的动作。故选 B。 考点：考查动词时态的用法。 In my opinion, life in the twenty-first century is much easier than _. A that used to b
40、e B it is used to C it was used to D it used to be 答案： D 试题分析：句意：我认为，生活在 21世纪要比过去容易得多。 than 引导的是一个 比较从句，同一个人或物，现在和过去两个不同的时间进行对比时，应该用人称代词，因此要有主语 it，而 used to be 是 “曾经的那个样子 ”之意。故选 D。 考点：考查状语从句和 used to的用法。 The field research will take Joan and Paul about five months; it will be a long time _ we meet t
41、hem again. A after B before C since D when 答案： B 试题分析：句意： Joan 和 Paul将要进行为期 5个月的实地研究，因此我们需要很长的时间才能与他们见面。 before连词，表示 “在 .之前 ”。这里的意思是，在我们见面之前，琼和保罗需要工作 5个月的时间。由此判断选 B。 考点：考查 it 句式连接词在语境中的用法。 I phoned you yesterday morning. A girl answered, but I didnt recognize the voice. Oh, it _ my younger sister. S
42、 he was in my room at that moment. A must have been B should have been C could have been D may have been 答案： A 试题分析：句意： 昨天上午我给你打电话。一个女孩的回答，但我没听出谁的声音。 哦，那一定是我妹妹。她那一刻正在我的房间里。情态动词加动词的现在完成式形式，表示对过去的推测。 A. must have been 表示一定做了某事。用于肯定推测； B. should have been 本应该，表示应该做而没有做某事。 C. could have been用于肯定句时，表示可能做
43、了某事。更常用于否定推测； D. may have been 可能做过某事。表示可能性很小。结合语境判断， A最佳。 考点：考查情态动词表市对过去推测的用法。 He _ Alice for ten years. A married to B has married to C has married D has been married to 答案： D 试题分析：句意：他与 Alice结婚有十年的时间了。这道题是关于 marry的用法 ,做不及物动词时有两种用法 get married to sb./be married to sb;做及物动词时有marry sb.在这句中有 for ten
44、years这个短语表示一段时间 ,所以应当用 be married to sb.强调状态 ,用现在完成时。故选 D。 考点：考查动词时态和语态的用法。 He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he _ a goal. A had scored B scored C would score D would have scored 答案： D 试题分析：句意：他在踢球前犹豫了一下，否则，他就会进了一球。 这里的otherwise相当于 if he hadnt hesitated for a moment before
45、 kicking the ball，表示一种虚拟条件句。故选 D。 考点：考查虚拟语气的用法。 The river _are covered with trees is very long A which banks B of which banks C whose the banks D the banks of which 答案： D 试题分析：句意：两岸种满了树的那条河很长。名词 /代词 +of+whom/which可引导非限制性定语从句 ,表示部分与整体的关系。 C应是 whose banks才对。故选 D。 考点：考查定语从句的用法。 _terrible weather weve b
46、een having these days！ A How a B What a C How D What 答案： D 试题分析：句意：这些日子我们的天气真差！感叹句是表达喜、怒、哀、乐以及惊奇、惊讶等强烈感情的句子。感叹句通常由 what 或 how 引导。 一 . 由 what 引导的感叹句，其句子结构可分为以下三种： 句型 1： “ What + a/an 形容词可数名词单数主语谓语！ ”。如： What a nice present it is! 它是一件多么好的礼物啊！句型 2： “ What 形容词可数名词复数主语谓语！ ”。如： What beautiful flowers the
47、y are! 多么 漂亮的花啊！ 句型 3： “ What 形容词不可数名词主语谓语！ ”。如： What fine weather it is today! 今天天气多好啊！二 . 由 how 引导的感叹句，其句子结构也分为三种：句型 1： “ How 形容词 / 副词主语谓语！ ”。如： How careful she is! 她多么细心啊！句型 2：“ How 形容词 a/an 可数名词单数主语谓语！ ”。如： How beautiful a girl she is! 她是个多么漂亮的姑娘啊！句型 3： “ How 主语谓语！ ”。如： How time flies! 光阴似箭！由 wh
48、at 引导的感叹句与由 how 引导的感叹句有时可以转换，但句中部分单词的顺序要有所变化。如： What delicious cakes these are! How delicious these cakes are! 三 . 有时感叹句也可以由一个单词、词组、祈使句、陈述句等构成。如： Good idea! （好主意！） wonderful! （太精彩了！） Thank goodness! （谢天谢地！）本题中用 what来引导 感叹句。 ,后面没有冠词 a,因为 weather是不可数名词，不能加冠词了。故选 D。 考点：考查感叹句的用法。 The song _My heart will go on is liked by the young people A call B calling C called D to call 答案： C 试题分析：句意：我心依然这首歌被年轻人们所喜爱！ called 这里的 called 可用named代替，相当于一个定语从句 which is called,译为 “被称作，被命名为 . 的 ”，作为定语来修饰或者说解释说明 the song。故选 C。 考点：考查非谓语动
