1、BSI Standards Publication BS ISO/IEC 24730-62:2013 Information technology Real time locating systems (RTLS) Part 62: High rate pulse repetition frequency Ultra Wide Band (UWB) air interfaceBS ISO/IEC 24730-62:2013 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of I
2、SO/IEC 24730-62:2013. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee IST/34, Automatic identification and data capture techniques. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to inc
3、lude all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2013 ISBN 978 0 580 78287 9 ICS 35.040 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This
4、 British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 September 2013. Amendments issued since publication Date Text affectedBS ISO/IEC 24730-62:2013Reference number ISO/IEC 24730-62:2013(E) ISO/IEC 2013INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 24730-62 First e
5、dition 2013-09-01 Information technology Real time locating systems (RTLS) Part 62: High rate pulse repetition frequency Ultra Wide Band (UWB) air interface Technologie de linformation Systmes de localisation en temps rel (RTLS) Partie 62: Interface arienne ultra large bande (UWB) impulsions haute f
6、rquence de rptition BS ISO/IEC 24730-62:2013 ISO/IEC 24730-62:2013(E) COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO/IEC 2013 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photoc
7、opying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09
8、47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO/IEC 2013 All rights reservedBS ISO/IEC 24730-62:2013 ISO/IEC 24730-62:2013(E) ISO/IEC 2013 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword . v Introduction vi 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms, definitions, and abbrevi
9、ated terms . 2 3.1 Terms and definitions . 2 3.2 Abbreviated terms . 3 4 Overview . 4 4.1 Components . 4 4.2 Not covered by the standard 5 4.3 System 5 4.4 Document structure 5 5 Physical (PHY) layer specification . 5 5.1 General . 5 5.2 Default operating mode for a HRP UWB tag . 6 5.3 PPDU format 7
10、 5.3.1 PPDU encoding process . 7 5.3.2 Symbol structure . 9 5.3.3 PSDU timing parameters 10 5.3.4 Preamble timing parameters 12 5.3.5 SHR preamble 13 5.3.6 PHY header (PHR) . 16 5.3.7 Data field 18 5.4 UWB PHY modulation . 19 5.4.1 Modulation mathematical framework 19 5.4.2 Spreading . 19 5.4.3 Forw
11、ard error correction (FEC) 21 5.5 UWB PHY RF requirements 23 5.5.1 Operating frequency bands 23 5.5.2 Channel assignments . 23 5.5.3 Transmitter specification 23 5.6 Timestamps and time units 26 5.6.1 Time units . 26 5.6.2 Antenna delays 26 6 Basic message format 26 6.1 Message structure and process
12、ing rules . 26 6.1.1 Time of arrival / Time of sending . 27 6.2 Frame Check Sequence (FCS) . 27 7 One-way communication blink message . 28 7.1 Encoding of blink frames with ISO/IEC 15963 tag ID . 28 7.1.1 Sub-fields of the blink frame with ISO ID 29 7.2 Encoding of blink frames with IEEE EUI-64 tag
13、ID . 31 7.2.1 Sub-fields of the blink frame with IEEE ID 31 8 Two-way communication data messages 35 8.1 Data Messages . 35 8.1.1 Data frame sub-fields 35 8.2 Operation of two-way communication 36 8.2.1 The mechanics of two-way Communication 37 BS ISO/IEC 24730-62:2013 ISO/IEC 24730-62:2013(E) iv IS
14、O/IEC 2013 All rights reserved8.2.2 Activity Control 38 8.2.3 Read Tag Capabilities .39 8.2.4 Read Tag Configuration 40 8.2.5 Set Tag Configuration .42 8.2.6 Perform two-way ranging 43 Annex A (informative) Using ISO/IEC 24730-61 and ISO/IEC 24730-62 for RTLS Applications .46 Bibliography 57 BS ISO/
15、IEC 24730-62:2013 ISO/IEC 24730-62:2013(E) ISO/IEC 2013 All rights reserved vForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or
16、 IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, g
17、overnmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives
18、, Part 2. The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the nati
19、onal bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/IEC 24730-62 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IE
20、C JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 31, Automatic identification and data capture techniques. ISO/IEC 24730 consists of the following parts, under the general title Information technology Real time locating systems (RTLS): Part 1: Application program interface (API) Part 2: Direct Seque
21、nce Spread Spectrum (DSSS) 2,4 GHz air interface protocol Part 5: Chirp spread spectrum (CSS) at 2,4 GHz air interface Part 21: Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) 2,4 GHz air interface protocol: Transmitters operating with a single spread code and employing a DBPSK data encoding and BPSK spreadi
22、ng scheme Part 22: Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) 2,4 GHz air interface protocol: Transmitters operating with multiple spread codes and employing a QPSK data encoding and Walsh offset QPSK (WOQPSK) spreading scheme Part 61: Low rate pulse repetition frequency Ultra Wide Band (UWB) air interf
23、ace Part 62: High rate pulse repetition frequency Ultra Wide Band (UWB) air interface BS ISO/IEC 24730-62:2013 ISO/IEC 24730-62:2013(E) vi ISO/IEC 2013 All rights reservedIntroduction This series of standards defines one Air Interface Protocol for Real Time Locating Systems (RTLS) for use in asset m
24、anagement and is intended to allow for compatibility and to encourage interoperability of products for the growing RTLS market. This document, the high rate pulse repetition frequency (HRP) UWB Air Interface Protocol, establishes a technical standard for Real Time Locating Systems that operate at an
25、 internationally available UWB frequency bands and that are intended to provide accurate location (e.g. within some tens of centimetres) with frequent updates (for example, every second). Real Time Locating Systems are wireless systems with the ability to locate the position of an item anywhere in a
26、 defined space (local/campus, wide area/regional, global) at a point in time that is, or is close to, real time. Position is derived by measurements of the physical properties of the radio link. Conceptually there are four classifications of RTLS: Locating an asset via satellite - requires line-of-s
27、ight - accuracy to 10 meters Locating an asset in a controlled area, e.g., warehouse, campus, airport - area of interest is instrumented - accuracy to 3 meters Locating an asset in a more confined area - area of interest is instrumented - accuracy to tens of centimetres Locating an asset over a terr
28、estrial area using a terrestrial mounted receivers over a wide area, cell phone towers for example accuracy 200 meters With a further two methods of locating an object which are really RFID rather than RTLS: Locating an asset by virtue of the fact that the asset has passed point A at a certain time
29、and has not passed point B Locating an asset by virtue of providing a homing signal whereby a person with a handheld can find an asset Method of location is through identification and location, generally through multilateration Types Time of Flight Ranging Systems Amplitude Triangulation Time Differ
30、ence of Arrival (TDOA) Cellular Triangulation Satellite multilateration Angle of Arrival This standard defines the air interface protocol needed for the creation of an RTLS system using HRP UWB which is a physical layer UWB signalling mechanism (based on standard IEEE 802.15.4a UWB) and employing hi
31、gh rate pulse repetition frequencies (PRF) 16 MHz or 64 MHz, and a combination of burst position modulation (BPM) and binary phase-shift keying (BPSK. BS ISO/IEC 24730-62:2013 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 24730-62:2013(E) ISO/IEC 2013 All rights reserved 1Information technology Real time locating
32、systems (RTLS) Part 62: High rate pulse repetition frequency Ultra Wide Band (UWB) air interface 1 Scope This part of ISO/IEC 24730 defines the air-interface for real time locating systems (RTLS) using a physical layer Ultra Wide Band (UWB) signalling mechanism (based on IEEE 802.15.4a UWB). This mo
33、dulation scheme employs high rate pulse repetition frequencies (PRF) 16 MHz or 64 MHz, and a combination of burst position modulation (BPM) and binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) giving an extremely high level of performance with a fully coherent receiver. In addition to defining the air interface pro
34、tocol (AIP) in terms of the physical layer modulation, this part of ISO/IEC 24730 also defines the AIP in terms of the messages sent over the air. This AIP supports simple one- way communication of a basic blink that may be used for a one-way Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) based RTLS, where mobil
35、e tags periodically transmit the blink message which is received by an infrastructure consisting of a number of fixed reader nodes. This AIP also optionally supports bidirectional communication and two-way ranging between the readers and tags of an RTLS. The support of two-way ranging depends on add
36、itionally including a UWB receiver in the tag and UWB transmitters in the reader infrastructure. The mandatory default operational mode ensures interoperability between tags and infrastructure from various manufacturers, while the availability of several options offers flexibility to the developer o
37、f the infrastructure to adapt the behaviour of the overall system to the specific needs of his application. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
38、the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO/IEC/IEEE 8802-15-4, Information technology Telecommunications and information exchange between systems Local and metropolitan area networks Specific requirements Part 15-4: Wireless Medium Access Control (MAC) and
39、Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications for Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) ISO/IEC 15963, Information technology Radio frequency identification for item management Unique identification for RF tags ISO/IEC 19762, Information technology AIDC techniques Harmonized vocabulary (all parts)
40、BS ISO/IEC 24730-62:2013 ISO/IEC 24730-62:2013(E) 2 ISO/IEC 2013 All rights reserved3 Terms, definitions, and abbreviated terms 3.1 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC/IEEE 8802-15-4, ISO/IEC 19762 (all parts), and the following apply.
41、3.1.1 burst group of ultra wide band (UWB) pulses occurring at consecutive chip periods 3.1.2 complex channel combination of a channel radio frequency (RF) center frequency and a ternary code sequence 3.1.3 frame format of aggregated bits that are transmitted together in time 3.1.4 hybrid modulation
42、 modulation used in the ultra wide band (UWB) physical layer (PHY) that combines both binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) and burst position modulation (BPM) so that both coherent and non-coherent receivers can be used to demodulate the signal 3.1.5 idle period duration of time where no transceiver act
43、ivity is scheduled to take place 3.1.6 local clock symbol clock internal to a device 3.1.7 mean pulse repetition frequency (PRF) total number of pulses within a symbol divided by the symbol duration 3.1.8 payload data contents of a data message that is being transmitted 3.1.9 peak pulse repetition f
44、requency (PRF) maximum rate at which an ultra wide band (UWB) physical layer (PHY) emits pulses 3.1.10 ranging frame (RFRAME) ultra wide band (UWB) frame having the ranging bit set in the physical layer (PHY) header (PHR) 3.1.11 ranging marker (RMARKER) first ultra wide band (UWB) pulse of the first
45、 bit of the physical layer (PHY) header (PHR) of a ranging frame (RFRAME) BS ISO/IEC 24730-62:2013 ISO/IEC 24730-62:2013(E) ISO/IEC 2013 All rights reserved 33.1.12 symbol period of time and a portion of the transmitted signal that is logically considered to be a unit signaling event conveying some
46、defined number of data bits or repeated portion of the synchronization signal 3.2 Abbreviated terms AGC automatic gain control API application program interface BPM burst position modulation BPSK binary phase-shift keying CRC cyclic redundancy check DPS dynamic preamble selection DSN data sequence n
47、umber FCS frame check sequence FEC forward error correction HRP high rate PRF LFSR linear feedback shift register LRP low rate PRF LSB least significant bit MAC medium access control MSB most significant bit PHR PHY header PHY physical layer PPDU PHY protocol data unit PRBS pseudo-random binary sequ
48、ence PRF pulse repetition frequency PSD power spectral density PSDU PHY service data unit RF radio frequency RFID Radio Frequency Identification RFRAME ranging frame RMARKER ranging marker RTLS Real Time Locating System RX receive or receiver SFD start-of-frame delimiter SHR synchronization header S
49、NR signal-to-noise ratio SYNC synchronization TDOA time difference of arrival TOF time of flight BS ISO/IEC 24730-62:2013 ISO/IEC 24730-62:2013(E) 4 ISO/IEC 2013 All rights reservedTX transmit or transmitter UWB ultra wide band 4 Overview 4.1 Components The major components of a Real Time Locating System (RTLS) and the relationship of those components are shown in Figure 1. As shown in this figure the tags communicate with an infrastructure. The infrastructure prov
