1、Recommended Practice for Installation, Maintenance, and Lubrication of Pumping UnitsAPI RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 11G FIFTH EDITION, NOVEMBER 2013Special NotesAPI publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to particular circumstances, local, state, and federal laws and re
2、gulations should be reviewed.Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors, consultants, committees, or other assignees make any warranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of the information contained herein, or assume any
3、 liability or responsibility for any use, or the results of such use, of any information or process disclosed in this publication. Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors, consultants, or other assignees represent that use of this publication would not infringe upon privately owned rig
4、hts.Classified areas may vary depending on the location, conditions, equipment, and substances involved in any given situation. Users of this specification should consult with the appropriate authorities having jurisdiction.Users of this specification should not rely exclusively on the information c
5、ontained in this specification. Sound business, scientific, engineering, and safety judgment should be used in employing the information contained herein API is not undertaking to meet the duties of employers, service providers, or suppliers to warn and properly train and equip their employees, and
6、others exposed, concerning health and safety risks and precautions, nor undertaking their obligations to comply with authorities having jurisdiction.Information concerning safety and health risks and proper precautions with respect to particular materials and conditions should be obtained from the e
7、mployer, the service provider or supplier of that material, or the material safety datasheet.API publications may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made by the Institute to assure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in them; however, the Institute makes no rep
8、resentation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this publication and hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from its use or for the violation of any authorities having jurisdiction with which this publication may conflict.API publications are p
9、ublished to facilitate the broad availability of proven, sound engineering and operating practices. These publications are not intended to obviate the need for applying sound engineering judgment regarding when and where these publications should be utilized. The formulation and publication of API p
10、ublications is not intended in any way to inhibit anyone from using any other practices.Any manufacturer marking equipment or materials in conformance with the marking requirements of an API standard is solely responsible for complying with all the applicable requirements of that standard. API does
11、not represent, warrant, or guarantee that such products do in fact conform to the applicable API standard.All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise,
12、 without prior written permission from the publisher. Contact the Publisher, API Publishing Services, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Copyright 2013 American Petroleum InstituteForewordNothing contained in any API publication is to be construed as granting any right, by implication or otherw
13、ise, for the manufacture, sale, or use of any method, apparatus, or product covered by letters patent. Neither should anything contained in the publication be construed as insuring anyone against liability for infringement of letters patent.Shall:As used in a standard, “shall” denotes a minimum requ
14、irement in order to conform to the specification.Should:As used in a standard, “should” denotes a recommendation or that which is advised but not required in order to conform to the specification.This document was produced under API standardization procedures that ensure appropriate notification and
15、 participation in the developmental process and is designated as an API standard. Questions concerning the interpretation of the content of this publication or comments and questions concerning the procedures under which this publication was developed should be directed in writing to the Director of
16、 Standards, American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005. Requests for permission to reproduce or translate all or any part of the material published herein should also be addressed to the director.Generally, API standards are reviewed and revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn a
17、t least every five years. A one-time extension of up to two years may be added to this review cycle. Status of the publication can be ascertained from the API Standards Department, telephone (202) 682-8000. A catalog of API publications and materials is published annually by API, 1220 L Street, NW,
18、Washington, DC 20005.Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the Standards Department, API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005, standardsapi.org.iiiContentsPage1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Normative References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Terms and Definitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Foundation and Site Preparation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.2 Foundations Mounted on Grade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.3 Foundations Mounted on Piles . .
22、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Installation of Pumping Units Using Foundation Bolts and Grouting Between the Block and the Pumping Unit Base . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Installation of Pumping Units Using Cross-beam Clamps or Methods Other than Foundation Bolts . . . 67 Installation of Pumping Units on a Reinforced Concrete Portable Foundation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.1 General . . .
24、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.2 Base Orientation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25、 . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.3 Site Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.4 Placement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.5 Adjustment After Erection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87.6 Bolts and Clamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87.7 Postinstallation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97.8 Maintenance After Installation
28、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 Installation of Portable Wide Base Pumping Units on a Board Mat Foundation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98.2 Base Orientation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108.3 Site Prep
30、aration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108.4 Placement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
31、 . . . . . . . . . . . . 108.5 Adjustment After Mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108.6 Postinstallation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118.7 Maintenance of Board Mat Foundation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 Lubrication of Pumping-unit Reducers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
33、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129.2 Selection of Oil. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
34、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129.3 Changing Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1410 Lubrication Difficulties . . . .
35、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1511 Basis for Selection of Lubricants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1511.1 Conditions E
36、stablished by Gear Design. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1511.2 Conditions Established by Design of the Chain Reducer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1711.3 Conditions of Service . .
37、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1712 Lubrication of Pumping Unit Structural Bearings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1813 Maintenance. . . .
38、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1813.1 Wireline Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
39、. . . . 1813.2 V-belt Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1913.3 Brake System Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
40、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1913.4 Structural Connection Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21vContentsPage14 Isolation/Restraint of Energy SourcesLock-out/Tag-out Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
41、. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2314.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2314.2 Recommended Shutdown and Lock-out/Tag-out Practice for Pumping Units Equipped with Electric
42、Motors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2514.3 Recommended Shutdown and Lock-out/Tag-out Practice for Pumping Units Equipped with Internal Combustion Engines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
43、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Figures1 Proper V-belt and Sheave Groove Interface (left) vs Worn Belt and Groove (right) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Tables1 Range of Operating Conditions for Gear Reducer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
44、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 Range of Operating Conditions for Chain Reducer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 Viscosity Recommendations for Gear Reducers (Typical Mineral Oil Based Lubricants) . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
45、 Viscosity Recommendations for Chain Reducers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 Recommended Oil Condemning Limits for Use When Evaluating Used Oil Test Results . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 Difficulties: Cause Analysis and Remedy . . . . . . .
46、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 Recommended Grease Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18vi1Recommended Practice for Installation, Maintenance, andLub
47、rication of Pumping Units1 ScopeThis recommended practice provides guidance related to the proper installation, care, and maintenance of surface mounted beam pumping units, varieties of which are described in API 11E. Information provided in this document is of a general nature and is not intended t
48、o replace specific instruction provided by the pumping unit manufacturer. This document further establishes certain minimum requirements intended to promote the safe installation, operation, and servicing of pumping unit equipment.2 Normative ReferencesThe following referenced documents are indispen
49、sable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. API Specification 11E-2013, Specification for Pumping Units3 Terms and Definitions For the purposes of this document, the following definitions apply.3.1baseThe basic frame or skid to which a pumping unit is assembled. Typically is the structural element that interfaces with or is clamped to the foundation.3.2brakeComponent of a pumping unit that is often composed of a disk or drum mount
