1、Designation: C582 09 (Reapproved 2016) An American National StandardStandard Specification forContact-Molded Reinforced Thermosetting Plastic (RTP)Laminates for Corrosion-Resistant Equipment1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C582; the number immediately following the designation in
2、dicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies
3、of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers composition, thickness, fabri-cating procedures, and physical property requirements for glassfiber reinforced thermoset polyester, vinyl ester, or otherqualified thermosetting resin laminates comprising the materi-als of constru
4、ction for RTP corrosion-resistant tanks, piping,and equipment. This specification is limited to fabrication bycontact molding.NOTE 1The laminates covered by this specification are manufacturedduring fabrication of contact-molded RTP tanks, piping, and otherequipment.NOTE 2There is no known ISO equiv
5、alent to this standard.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thete
6、st method portion, Section 8, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regula
7、tory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C581 Practice for Determining Chemical Resistance ofThermosetting Resins Used in Glass-Fiber-ReinforcedStructures Intended for Liquid ServiceD638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD695 Test Method for Compressive P
8、roperties of RigidPlasticsD790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforcedand Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materi-alsD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD2583 Test Method for Indentation Hardness of Rigid Plas-tics by Means of a Barcol ImpressorD2584 Test Method for Igniti
9、on Loss of Cured ReinforcedResinsD3681 Test Method for Chemical Resistance of “Fiberglass”(GlassFiberReinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe in aDeflected ConditionE84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics ofBuilding Materials3. Definitions3.1 Definitions used in this specification are in acc
10、ordancewith Terminology D883 unless otherwise indicated. The ab-breviation for reinforced thermoset plastic is RTP.3.2 polyesterresins produced by the polycondensation ofdihydroxyderivatives and dibasic organic acids or anhydrides,wherein at least one component contributes ethylenic unsatu-ration yi
11、elding resins that can be compounded with styrylmonomers and reacted to give highly crosslinked thermosetcopolymers.3.3 vinyl esterresins characterized by reactive unsatura-tion located predominately in terminal positions that can becompounded with styryl monomers and reacted to give highlycrosslink
12、ed thermoset copolymers.NOTE 3These resins are handled in the same way as polyesters infabrication of RTP components.3.4 contact moldinga method of fabrication wherein theglass-fiber reinforcement is applied to the mold, in the form ofchopped strand mat or woven roving, by hand or from a reel,or in
13、the form of chopped strands of continuous-filament glassfrom a chopper-spray gun. The resin matrix is applied byvarious methods, including brush, roller, or spray gun. Con-solidation of the composite laminate is by rolling.4. Classification4.1 Laminates shall be classified according to type, class,a
14、nd grade.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 onPlastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.23 on ReinforcedPlastic Piping Systems and Chemical Equipment.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2016. Published November 2016. Originallyapproved in 1965. Last
15、previous edition approved in 2009 as C582 09. DOI:10.1520/C0582-09R16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM
16、 website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14.1.1 TypeIn Roman numerals, shall designate the rein-forcement structure comprised of specific plies of glass fiber inspecific sequences.4.1.1.1 Type IA standard all-mat or cho
17、pped-rovingconstruction, or both, as shown in Table 1.4.1.1.2 Type IIA standard mat or chopped-roving andwoven-roving construction, or combination thereof, as shownin Table 2.4.1.1.3 Other types, such as standard mat or chopped rovingwith alternating layers of nonwoven biaxial or unidirectionalreinf
18、orcement in the structured plies. may be qualified inaccordance with Appendix X2.4.1.2 ClassIn capital letters, shall designate the genericresin: “P” for polyester and “V” for vinyl ester. The letters“FS” followed by parenthesis, “FS( ),” shall designate fireretardancy, if specified, with maximum fl
19、ame spread in theparentheses in accordance with Test Method E84.NOTE 4Fire retardancy by Test Method E84 is determined for0.125-in. (3.175-mm) thick, flat laminates with all-mat glass content of 25to 30 %.NOTE 5Maximum flame spread designation by Test Method E84relates to measurement and description
20、 of the properties of materials,products, or systems in response to heat and flame under controlledlaboratory conditions and should not be considered or used for thedescription or appraisal of the fire hazard of materials, products, orsystems under actual fire conditions. However, results of this te
21、st may beused as elements of a fire risk assessment that takes into account all thefactors that are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard or a particularend use.4.1.3 GradeIn Arabic numerals, shall designate the mini-mum physical property levels of a laminate at 73.4 6 3.6F (236 2C).NOTE 6Th
22、e five Arabic grade numbers designate minimum physicalproperty levels of a laminate obtained from tests of representativeproduction process samples. They are not arbitrarily selected values.4.1.4 ThicknessNominal, shall be designated by Arabicnumber in decimal hundredths of an inch. (See Table 1 and
23、Table 2 for standard thicknesses.)NOTE 7Table 1 and Table 2 are for reference purposes and do notpreclude other laminate-type constructions, such as nonwoven biaxial orunidirectional fabric, which may be agreed upon between the buyer andthe seller, or may be added to this specification if they have
24、been fullyidentified and characterized, as shown in Appendix X2.4.1.5 Classification Requirements for Different LaminatesLaminate designation from Table 3 shall consist of the abbre-viation RTP followed by (1) type in Roman numerals; (2) classin capital letters followed by FS( ) if required; (3) gra
25、deconsisting of fiveArabic numbers to designate minimum levelsof physical properties and (4) thickness designated by Arabicnumber in decimal inches (or ALL, if properties apply to allthicknesses).4.1.5.1 Examples:(1) RTP I 1 ALL, designates Type I polyester laminate,non-fire-retardant Grade 13211, h
26、aving the following mini-mum physical property levels (see Table 3):Tensile strength, ultimate9000 psi (62 MPa).Tensile modulus1 050 000 psi (7242 MPa).Flexural strength, ultimate18 000 psi (124 MPa).Flexural modulus700 000 psi (4828 MPa).Glass content25 %.Thickness“ALL” thicknesses.(2) RTP II P FS(
27、25) 55433.30, designates Type II, poly-ester fire-retardant resin laminate with a maximum flamespread of 25, Grade 55433 having the following minimumphysical property levels (see Table 3):Tensile strength, ultimate17 500 psi (121 MPa).Tensile modulus1 300 000 psi (8966 MPa).Flexural strength, ultima
28、te22 000 psi (152 MPa).Flexural modulus1 000 000 psi (6897 MPa).TABLE 1 Standard Laminate Composition Type IACalculatedThicknessBCCorrosionBarrierDStructural PliesENumber and Sequence of PliesDraftingSymbolsin. (m) 1 23456789101121314151617180.18 (4.6) V MMMM V, 4M0.23 (5.8) V MMMMM V, 5M0.27 (6.9)
29、V MMMMMM V, 6M0.31 (7.9) V MMMMMMM V, 7M0.35 (8.9) V MMMMMMMM V,8M0.40 (10.2) V MMMMMMMMM V,9M0.4 (1.2) V MMMMMMMMMM V,10M0.48 (12.) V MMMMMMMMMMM V,1M0.53 (13.5) V MMMMMMMMMMMM V,12M0.57 (14.5) V MMMMMMMMMMMMM V,13M0.61 (15.) V MMMMMMMMMMMMMM V,14M0.6 (16.8) V MMMMMMMMMMMMMMM V,15M0.70 (17.8) V MMM
30、MMMMMMMMMMMMM V,16M0.74 (18.) V MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM V,17MAGlass content, weight, % = 25 to 30, all thickness.BCalculated thickness for design purposes is determined as follows:V = Surfacing mat 0.010 in./ply (0.25 mm/ply) when saturated with resin.M=112 oz/ft2(459 g/m2) mat 0.043 in./ply (1.1 mm/ply)
31、when saturated with resin.CThe thickness shall be not less than 90 % of the calculated thickness shown.DCorrosion barrier (Plies 1, 2, and 3) shall gel before structural plies are added.EStructural lay-up may be interrupted at intervals long enough to exotherm if required by the laminate manufacturi
32、ng procedure and 6.3.1.C582 09 (2016)2Glass content30 %.Thickness0.30 in. (7.62 mm).5. Materials5.1 Resin Matrix System:5.1.1 The resin shall be determined to be acceptable for theservice either by test, see 8.6, or by verified case history.5.1.2 Catalyst/Promoter System, shall be as recommendedor a
33、pproved by the resin producer.5.1.3 Diluents, such as added styrene, fillers, dyes,pigments, or flame retardants shall be used only when agreedupon between the fabricator and the buyer. When such itemsare required, limits for each shall be agreed upon between thefabricator and the buyer. A thixotrop
34、ic agent may be added tothe resin for viscosity control.NOTE 8The addition of fillers, dyes, pigments, flame retardants, andthixotropic agents may interfere with visual inspection of laminate quality.NOTE 9Chemical resistance can be significantly affected by theTABLE 2 Standard Laminate Composition
35、Type IICalculatedThicknessABGlassContent(weight,%)CorrosionBarrierCStructural PliesDNumber and Sequence of Plies DraftingSymbolsin. (m) 123456789101121314151617181920210.22 (5.6) 28 to 33 V M M M R M V, 2M, MRM0.29 (7.4) 30 to 35 V M M M R M R M V, 2M, 2(MR)M0.37 (9.4) 30 to 35 V M M M R M R M R M V
36、, 2M, 3(MR)M0.41 (10.4) 30 to 35 V M M M R M R M R M M V, 2M, 3(MR)M,M0.49 (12.5) 34 to 38 V M M M R M R M R M M R M V, 2M, 3(MR)M,MRM0.57 (14.5) 34 to 38 V M M M R M R M R M M R M R M V, 2M, 3(MR)M,2(MR)M0.64 (16.3) 37 to 41 V M M M R M R M R M M R M R M R M V, 2M, 3(MR)M,3(MR)M0.69 (17.5) 37 to 41
37、 V M M M R M R M R M M R M R M R M M V, 2M, 3(MR)M,3(MR)M,M0.76 (19.3) 37 to 41 V M M M R M R M R M M R M R M R M M R M V, 2M, 3(MR)M,3(MR)M,MRMACalculated thickness for design purposes is determined as follows:V = Surfacing mat 0.010 in./ply (0.25 mm/ply) when saturated with resin.M=112 oz ft2(459
38、g/m2) mat = 0.043 in./ply (1.1 mm/ply) when saturated with resin.R=2412 oz/yd2(832 g/m2) 5 4 woven roving = 0.033 in./ply (0.84 mm/ply) when saturated with resin.BThe thickness shall be not less than 90 % of the calculated thickness shown.CCorrosion barrier (Plies 1, 2, and 3) shall gel before struc
39、tural plies are added.DStructural lay-up may be interrupted long enough to exotherm following an “M” ply, if required by the laminate manufacturing procedure. Location of exotherm plies maybe shifted within the laminate body. No plies may be omitted. Refer to 6.3.1.TABLE 3 Classification System for
40、Hand Lay-up Laminates Using Minimum Property ValuesAClassification OrderRTP followed by:(1) Type I II III IV V(2) Class PPolyesterVVinylester. . . . . . . . . followed by FS ( ), ifspecified with flamespread in parentheses inaccordance with TestMethod E84Physical and Mechanical Properties(3) Grade 1
41、 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 01st Digit: Tensile strength, 9 11 13 15 17.5 20 . . . . . . . . . . . .ultimate psi 103(MPa) (62) (76) (90) (104) (121) (138) . . . . . . . . . . . .2nd Digit: Tensile modulus, 0.85 0.95 1.05 1.15 1.3 1.5 1.75 2.0 . . . . . .tangent psi 103(MPa) (5 863) (6 552) (7 242) (7 932) (8 9
42、66) (10 346) (12 070) (13 794) . . . . . .3rd Digit: Flexural strength, 16 18 20 22 24 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ultimate psi 103(MPa) (110) (124) (138) (152) (166) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4th Digit: Flexural modulus, 0.7 0.85 1.0 1.15 1.3 1.5 . . . . . . . . . . . .psi 106(MPa) (4 828) (5 8
43、63) (6 897) (7 932) (8 966) (10 346) . . . . . . . . . . . .5th Digit: Glass content, by 25 28 30 34 37 40 44 . . . . . . . . .weight, %ATable will be completed as new resins and higher strength laminates become available.C582 09 (2016)3catalyst/promoter system, diluents, dyes, fillers, flame retard
44、ants, orthixotropic agent used in the resin.5.1.4 Resin Pastes, used where necessary to fill crevicesformed by joining subassemblies before overlay shall not besubject to the limitations of 5.1.3. Pastes shall be made withthixotropic agents.5.1.5 Ultraviolet Absorbers, may be added to the exteriorsu
45、rface for improved weather resistance when agreed uponbetween the fabricator and the buyer.5.2 Fiber Reinforcement:5.2.1 Surfacing Mat (veil) is a thin mat of fine fibers usedprimarily to produce a smooth surface on a reinforced plastic.5.2.1.1 Veil shall be determined to be acceptable for theservic
46、e either by Test Methods C581 or D3681, or by a verifiedcase history.5.2.1.2 Requirements of acceptable surface veils are:(a) Resin compatibility,(b) Uniform fiber distribution,(c) Single filaments (not bundled),(d) The thickness shall be a minimum of 10 mils per plywhen saturated with resin, and(e)
47、 Minimum fiber length shall be 0.5 in.NOTE 10The chemical resistance of the RTP laminate is provided bythe resin. In combination with the cured resin, the surfacing veil helpsdetermine the thickness of the resin-rich layer, reduces microcracking, andprovides a nonwicking chemically resistant layer.A
48、dditional desirable considerations in choosing a veil for a specificapplication include:(a) Drapability (surfacing veil should conform to moldshape),(b) Dry and wet tensile strength,(c) Binder solubility (if used),(d) Wetability,(e) Surfacing veil shall wet-out completely without trap-ping air durin
49、g laminating, and(f) Surfacing veil should not inhibit resin cure.5.2.2 Chopped-Strand Mat, shall be “E” or “ECR” typeglass fiber, 112 oz/ft2(459 g/m2), with sizing and bindercompatible with the resin.5.2.3 Woven Roving, shall be “E” or “ECR” type glass, 2412oz/yd2(832 g/m2), 5 by 4 square weave fabric having a sizingcompatible with the resin.5.2.4 Roving, used in chopper guns for spray-up application,shall be “E” or “ECR” type glass with sizing compatible withthe resin.5.2.5 Other Reinforcements, such as nonwoven biaxial o
