1、Designation: D2925 14 An American National StandardStandard Test Method forBeam Deflection of “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-ReinforcedThermosetting Resin) Pipe Under Full Bore Flow1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2925; the number immediately following the designation indicates the y
2、ear oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers measurement of the deflectio
3、nas a function of time of a specimen of fiberglass pipe supportedon a flat non-arced support as a simple beam under full boreflow of water at elevated temperatures. Both glass-fiber-reinforced thermosetting-resin pipe (RTRP) and glass-fiber-reinforced polymer mortar pipe (RPMP) are fiberglass pipes.
4、NOTE 1For the purposes of this standard, polymer does not includenatural polymers.1.2 This test method can be used to determine deflection atvarying conditions by substituting other test media.1.3 Deflections observed using this test method are repre-sentative only of piping supported as a simple be
5、am under fullbore flow which has one diameter of pipe overhanging at eachsupport.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are provided forinformation purposes only.NOTE 2There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.1.5 This standard do
6、es not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Sta
7、ndards:2C33 Specification for Concrete AggregatesD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1600 Terminology forAbbreviated Terms Relating to Plas-ticsD3567 Practice for Determining Dimensions of “Fiberglass”(Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) Pipe andFittingsF412 Terminology Relating to Plastic
8、 Piping Systems3. Terminology3.1 GeneralDefinitions are in accordance with Terminolo-gies D883 and F412 and abbreviations are in accordance withTerminology D1600, unless otherwise indicated.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 aggregatea siliceous sand conforming to the re-quirem
9、ents of Specification C33, except that the requirementsfor gradation shall not apply.3.2.2 fiberglass pipea tubular product containing glassfiber reinforcement embedded in or surrounded by curedthermosetting resin; the composite structure may containaggregate, granular or platelet fillers, thixotrop
10、ic agents,pigments, or dyes; thermoplastic or thermosetting liners maybe included.3.2.3 reinforced thermosetting resin pipe (RTRP)a fiber-glass pipe without aggregate.3.2.4 reinforced polymer mortar pipe (RPMP)a fiberglasspipe with aggregate.4. Significance and Use4.1 In the absence of deflection me
11、asurements from actualinstalled-above-ground piping, this test method may be used toevaluate the influence of span length on mid-span deflections atdiffering temperatures under full bore flow.NOTE 3A flat bearing area, small contact area, and narrow bearingwidth may induce high localized support int
12、eraction stresses, and con-straints imposed by the supports may also adversely influence deflectionsand performance of the pipe.5. Apparatus5.1 Rigid Support with edges rounded to a 6-mm (14-in.)radius, consisting of two uprights of a convenient height. Theuprights are to be spaced at a predetermine
13、d distance overwhich deflection is to be determined as shown on Fig. 1. Theuprights shall have lateral guides, a saddle, groove, or inden-tation on the top to keep the pipe specimen from rolling offwhen placed in position.1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plasticsan
14、d is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.23 on Reinforced PlasticPiping Systems and Chemical Equipment.Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2014. Published August 2014. Originallyapproved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D2925 01 (2007)1.DOI: 10.1520/D2925-14.2For referenced
15、ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright AS
16、TM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15.1.1 The support space distance shall be estimated for amaximum allowable sag of 12.7 mm (12 in.) at test conditions.This estimate may be made by solving Eq 1 for L, using y=12.7 mm (12 in.) and as
17、suming an elastic modulus, E=1 000 000 psi, unless a more accurate value is available.5.2 Source of Hot Water and a Feed System maintained atconditions such that when this source is coupled to the pipespecimen and the water is fed into the specimen, the wateremerging from the specimen shall be maint
18、ained continuouslyat the controlled temperature within 62C (3.6F). The watershall be fed into the specimen at a head not exceeding 1.5 m(5 ft) and allowed to flow through it under such conditions thatthe pipe specimen is filled with the controlled temperaturewater at all times. Any recirculation sha
19、ll be vented toatmosphere. A schematic drawing of the test setup is shown onFig. 2.FIG. 1 Schematic of Test Specimen SupportFIG. 2 Schematic of Test Set-up for Beam Deflection Test on PipeD2925 1425.3 Flexible Connections for the ends of the pipe testspecimens, installed so as to produce negligible
20、moment on theends of the pipe.5.4 A Device for Measuring the Deflection of the pipespecimen to the nearest 0.025 mm (0.001 in.) with negligibleconstraint on the specimen. A recommended device is acathetometer as shown on Fig. 1.5.5 Time-Interval Measuring Device graduated in minutesor seconds.5.6 Te
21、mperature and Pressure Gages and suitable controldevices to maintain standard test conditions.6. Test Specimens6.1 The test specimens shall be sections of fiberglass pipecut to a precalculated span length plus two pipe diameters 6 13mm (60.5 in.), essentially straight and of a diameter and wallthick
22、ness to be specified.6.2 At least three specimens shall be tested for any givenpipe size.7. Test Temperature7.1 The test temperature selected should be the maximumrecommended service temperature for the piping unless it isdesired to test the effects of temperature variation.8. Procedure8.1 Measure t
23、he total wall thickness, liner thickness, anddiameter of the pipe specimen in accordance with PracticeD3567.8.2 Place the test specimen on the upright supports so thatthere is an overhang of one pipe diameter 613 mm (60.5 in.)on each end.8.3 Connect the test specimen to the water supply and outletsy
24、stem by means of supported flexible connectors.8.4 Fill the pipe test specimen with water at ambienttemperature and determine initial deflection.8.5 Circulate the test media (water) through the test speci-men until a steady-state temperature (see 5.2) is attained at thedesignated test temperature. T
25、hen take the initial elevatedtemperature deflection reading.8.6 Measure the position of the base point and the point ofmaximum deflection at 15-min intervals for 1 h and then at 1-hintervals for 4 h.8.7 Continue to measure the position of the base point andthe point of maximum deflection at suitable
26、 time intervals until1000 h have elapsed or until the total maximum deflectionexceeds the allowable design limit of 12.7 mm (12 in.). If achange of deflection less than 0.025 mm (0.001 in.) occurs intwo consecutive 24-h periods after 1000 h elapsed time, the testmay be terminated. If the change in d
27、eflection is greater than0.025 mm (0.001 in.) in two consecutive 24-h periods after1000 hour elapsed time, the test should be continued until thedesign limit of 12.7 mm (12 in.) is reached or until a change ofdeflection less than 0.025 mm (0.001 in.) occurs in twoconsecutive 24-h periods. Record thi
28、s equilibrium time andmaximum deflection.9. Calculation9.1 Calculate EI values from the data obtained, as follows:3EI 5 22.5wL4/y (1)where:w = combined weight of pipe and fluid at test temperature,lb/ft,L = span length, ft,y = maximum measured deflection, in.,E = apparent elastic modulus of pipe, ps
29、i,I = 0.0491 (D4d4), cross-section moment of inertia ofpipe, in.4,D = average outer diameter of pipe, in., andd = average inner diameter of pipe, in.10. Report10.1 The report shall include the following:10.1.1 Test laboratory and supervisor of tests,10.1.2 Dates of test,10.1.3 Complete identificatio
30、n of the sample, includingmaterial, manufacturer, type, source, and previous history,10.1.4 Pipe dimensions, including nominal pipe size, mini-mum and average wall thickness, liner thickness, and theminimum and average outside diameter of each specimen,10.1.5 Number of specimens tested,10.1.6 Calcul
31、ated weight of pipe filled with water at testtemperature, pounds per foot,10.1.7 Type of support used and dimensions of support(width and saddle radius),10.1.8 Span length between supports used in test,10.1.9 Temperature of inlet and outlet water at equilibrium,10.1.10 Table of deflection in inches
32、versus time in hours,and10.1.11 Calculated EI values.10.1.12 Temperature of environment outside the pipe.11. Precision and Bias11.1 Attempts to develop a precision and bias statement forthis method have not been successful. For this reason, data onprecision and bias cannot be given.412. Keywords12.1
33、 beam deflection; fiberglass pipe; fullbore flow; elasticmodulus3Crocker, Sabin, Piping Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., NY, FourthEdition, 1945, p. 745.4Anyone wishing to participate in the development of precision and bias datashould contact the Chairman, Subcommittee D 20.23,ASTM International, 10
34、0 BarrHarbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA, 19428-2959 .D2925 143SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee D20 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue, D2925 01(2007)1, that may impact the use of this standard.(1) Replaced the term “load” with “moment” in
35、section 5.3.(2) Added requirement (10.1.12) to report temperature condi-tions of test laboratory.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determi
36、nation of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or wi
37、thdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that y
38、our comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (si
39、ngle or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 144
