1、Designation: F1271 90 (Reapproved 2012)An American National StandardStandard Specification forSpill Valves for Use in Marine Tank Liquid OverpressureProtections Applications1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1271; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
2、 oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification provides the minimum requirementsfor
3、design, construction, performance, and testing of devices toprevent marine tank liquid overpressurization (hereafter calledspill valves).1.2 The spill valves provided in accordance with thisspecification will satisfy Regulation 1I-2/59.1.6 of the 1981and 1983 Amendments to the International Conventi
4、on for theSafety of Life at Sea, 1974 (SOLAS), which states: “Provisionshall be made to guard against liquid rising in the ventingsystem to a height which would exceed the design head of thecargo tank. This shall be accomplished by high level alarms oroverflow control systems or other equivalent mea
5、ns, togetherwith gaging devices and cargo tank filling procedures.1.3 The spill valves are not intended for the venting ofvapors or the relief of vapor overpressurization or underpres-surization of marine tanks.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values g
6、iven in parentheses are forinformation only.1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest methods portion, Section 8, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof t
7、his standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B117 Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) ApparatusF722 Specification for Welded Joints for Shipboard PipingSystems2.
8、2 ANSI Standards:3B 2.1 Pipe ThreadsB 16.1 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged FittingsB 16.3 Malleable Iron Threaded FittingsB 16.4 Cast Iron Threaded FittingsB 16.5 Steel Pipe Flanges and Flanged FittingsB 16.11 Forged Steel Fittings, Socket-Welding andThreadedB 16.15 Cast Bronze Threaded FittingsB
9、 16.24 Bronze Pipe Flanges and Flanged FittingsB 31.1 Power Piping2.3 Other Documents:ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII,Division 1, Pressure Vessels; Section IX, Welding andBrazing Qualifications4Safety for Life at Sea Convention, Regulation II-2/59.1.6, Amendments 1981 and 1983346
10、CFR 153 Ships Carrying Bulk Liquid, Liquified Gas, orCompressed Gas Hazardous Materials53. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 spill valvean independent device that automaticallyprevents liquid overpressurization of a tank by relieving liquidat a predetermined pressure set higher than the pressurereach
11、ed in the tank when the tank vapor relieving deviceoperates at its maximum design venting rate (based on avolumetric vapor volume 1.25 times the maximum designloading rate).4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for spill valves in accordance with this specifi-cation shall include the following informati
12、on, as applicable:4.1.1 Nominal pipe size and end connections,4.1.2 Product(s) in tank being protected by the spill valve,1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Shipsand Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.11 onMachinery and Piping S
13、ystems.Current edition approved May 1, 2012. Published May 2012. Originallyapproved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as F1271 90 (2006).DOI: 10.1520/F1271-90R12.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. Fo
14、r Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute, 25 W. 43rd St., 4thFloor, New York, NY 10036.4Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational He
15、adquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.5Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http:/www.access.gpo.gov.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C70
16、0, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.1.3 Inspection and tests other than specified by thisspecification,4.1.4 Required relieving pressure at maximum tank loadingflow rate,4.1.5 Set (opening) pressure,4.1.6 Maximum tank design loading flow rate,4.1.7 Inlet pressure drop resulting from
17、 the maximum tankdesign loading flow rate,4.1.8 Back pressure of the spill valve discharge lines result-ing from maximum tank design loading flow rate,4.1.9 Purchasers inspection requirements (see 9.1),4.1.10 Installation inclinations in excess of 212 (see 6.6),4.1.11 Purchasers specifications for p
18、reventing the valvefrom leaking due to cargo sloshing, and4.1.12 Additional requirements or testing as contracted bythe manufacturer and the purchaser.5. Materials5.1 Materials of construction shall be suitable for the serviceintended and resistant to the attack by the liquid carried in thetank bein
19、g protected (see 4.1.2). Table I of 46 CFR 153specifies materials that may not be used in components thatcontact liquid or vapor of each hazardous liquid cargo.5.2 Housings of spill valves, and all other parts or bolting,or both, used for pressure retention, shall be constructed ofmaterials having a
20、 solidus melting point of greater than 1700F(927C) and be listed inANSI B 31.1 or Section VIII, Division1 of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, except asnoted in 5.5.5.3 Corrosion-resistant materials shall be used for the fol-lowing:5.3.1 Housings, disks, spindles, and seats of valves.5.3.2 S
21、prings that actuate disks of valves. Springs platedwith corrosion-resistant material are not acceptable.5.4 Nonmetallic materials shall not be permitted except forgaskets, seals, bushings in way of moving parts, and valvediaphragms.5.5 Bolting materials shall be at least equal to those listed inTabl
22、e 1 ofANSI B 16.5. Bolts, screws, and fasteners in contactwith interior liquid shall be compatible with the liquid (see4.1.2).6. Other Requirements6.1 Pressure-retaining housings shall be designed to with-stand a hydrostatic pressure of at least 125 lb/in.2(8.78 kg/cm2)without rupturing or showing p
23、ermanent distortion.6.2 Housing shall have suitable pipe connections for theremoval, maintenance, and testing of the spill valve.6.2.1 Threaded or flanged pipe end connections shall com-ply with the applicable B16 ANSI standards listed in 2.2 or asagreed upon by the manufacturer and the purchaser (s
24、ee4.1.12). Welded joints shall comply with Specification F722.6.3 The design of spill valves shall allow for ease ofinspection and removal of internal elements for replacement,cleaning, or repair without removal of the spill valve.6.4 All flat joints of the housing shall be machined true andshall pr
25、ovide for a joint having adequate metal-to-metalcontact.6.5 Where welded construction is used, welded joint designdetails, welding, and nondestructive testing shall be in accor-dance with Section VIII, Division 1 of the ASME Code andSpecification F722. Welders and weld procedures shall bequalified i
26、n accordance with Section IX of the ASME Code.6.6 The spill valve shall be fully operable at static inclina-tions up to 212 unless otherwise specified by the orderinginformation in Section 4.6.7 Spill valves shall allow for efficient drainage of moisturewithout impairing their proper operation.6.7.1
27、 Where the design does not permit complete drainageof condensate through its connection to the tank, the housingshall be fitted with a plugged drain opening on the side of theatmospheric outlet of not less than nominal pipe size12 in. (12mm).6.8 Housing, elements, and seal gasket materials shall bec
28、apable of withstanding the highest pressure and temperatureto which the spill valve may be exposed under normalconditions.6.9 Spill valves shall be vapor tight at pressures below therated liquid relieving pressure.6.10 Fastenings essential to the operation of the spill valveshall be protected agains
29、t loosening.6.11 Spill valves shall be designed and constructed tominimize the effect of fouling under normal conditions.6.12 The spill valve shall not be provided with a means ofpositive closure. In installations where cargo sloshing isexpected, the spill valve installation must be designed toprecl
30、ude premature opening of the valve due to cargo sloshing.Also, the installation shall be designed so that it complies withapplicable loadline and subdivision requirements.6.13 Spill valves shall be capable of operating in freezingconditions.6.14 Each of the free areas through the valve seat andthrou
31、gh the valve discharge at maximum lift shall not be lessthan the cross-sectional area of the valve inlet connection.6.15 Means shall be provided to check that any valve opensfreely and does not remain lodged in the open position.6.16 Valve Disks:6.16.1 Valve disks shall be guided by a ribbed cage or
32、 othersuitable means to prevent binding and ensure proper seating.Where valve stems are guided by bushings suitably designed toprevent binding and to ensure proper seating, the valves neednot be fitted with ribbed cages.6.16.2 Valve disks shall close tight against the valve seat bymetal to metal con
33、tact; however, resilient seating seals may beprovided if the design is such that the disk closes tight againstthe seat in case the seals are destroyed or in case they carryaway.6.16.3 Valve disks may be solid or hollow. The pressure atwhich the valve disks open fully at maximum flow rating shallnot
34、exceed 120 % of the set (opening) pressure.6.17 Valves may be actuated by nonmetallic diaphragms.6.17.1 Nonmetallic diaphragms are not allowed where fail-ure results in unrestricted flow of flammable or toxic tankvapors to the atmosphere or in an increase in the pressure atwhich the valve normally r
35、eleases.F1271 90 (2012)26.18 Relief pressure adjusting mechanisms shall be perma-nently secured by lockwire, locknuts, or other suitable means.6.18.1 Hollow portions of the valve used to vary therelieving pressure by adding or removing weight shall bewatertight.6.18.2 Spill valves shall not permit e
36、ntrance of water whenexposed to boarding seas.7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance7.1 Spill valves shall be of first class workmanship and freefrom imperfections that may affect their intended purpose.7.2 Each finished spill valve shall be visually and dimen-sionally checked to ensure that the spi
37、ll valve corresponds tothis specification, is certified in accordance with Section 10,and is marked in accordance with Section 11.8. Test Methods8.1 Prototype Tests:8.1.1 A prototype of the largest and smallest spill valve ofeach design, based on valve inlet connection size, shall betested as specif
38、ied in 8.1.5, 8.1.6, and8.1.8 through 8.1.10.Additionally, all models shall be tested as specified in 8.1.7.8.1.2 The spill valve shall have the dimensions of and mostunfavorable clearances expected in production units.8.1.3 Tests shall be conducted by a laboratory capable ofperforming the tests.8.1
39、.4 A test report shall be prepared by the laboratory thatshall include:8.1.4.1 Detailed drawings of the spill valve,8.1.4.2 Types of tests conducted and results obtained,8.1.4.3 Specific advice on approved attachments,8.1.4.4 Types of liquid for which the spill valve is approved,8.1.4.5 Drawings of
40、the test rig,8.1.4.6 The pressures at which the spill valve opens andcloses and the efflux flow rate at various inlet pressures,8.1.4.7 Records of all markings found on the prototype spillvalve, and8.1.4.8 A traceable report number.8.1.5 Corrosion TestAcorrosion test shall be conducted inaccordance
41、with Practice B117. The valve shall be subjected tothe test for a period of 240 h and allowed to dry for 48 h. Thereshall be no corrosion deposits that cannot be washed off.8.1.6 Hydrostatic TestA hydrostatic pressure test shall beconducted to show compliance with 6.1. The test shall be madewith wat
42、er or other liquid having a maximum viscosity of 40SSU at 125F (52C) with a maximum pressure test tempera-ture of 125F (52C). The minimum duration of the test shallbe 1 min.8.1.7 Performance TestsPerformance characteristics, in-cluding flow rates under various positive pressures, operatingsensitivit
43、y, flow resistance, and velocity, shall be demonstratedby appropriate tests with a representative fluid.8.1.8 Freeze TestSimulate water sloshing on deck byspraying a prototype spill valve completely with water from allsides and below using a fully pressurized fire hose. Allow 3min to drain off. Imme
44、diately immerse it in a freeze chamberprechilled to 20F (7C). Hold it in a chamber for2hatthistemperature. Immediately test the valve as in 8.1.7 to deter-mine opening pressure while frozen. The unit passes the test ifit opens within 10 % of its previously measured set (opening)pressure.8.1.9 Vapor
45、Tightness TestCompliance with 6.9 shall bedemonstrated by testing the spill valve with compressed air at90 % of the spill valve set (opening) pressure. The testapparatus shall have a total volume of air (in cubic feet) equalto 5 3 D, where D is the seat diameter of the spill valve, ininches (test vo
46、lume may vary by 610 %). The valve designshall be deemed satisfactory if the air leakage rate is such thatthe pressure drop is not more than 2 % in 2 h.8.1.10 Seaworthiness TestIn a simulated installation, im-merse the spill valve such that the seal is under 2 ft of water,minimum. Spray it for 10 mi
47、n with a 212-in. fire hose with afully open78-in. diameter nozzle at a pitot pressure of 80 psigmeasured at the open nozzle. Spray all parts of the valve, bothimmersed and non-immersed, from all angles. The hose nozzleshall not be located further than 10 ft from the spill valveduring the course of t
48、his test. The valve design is sufficient ifleakage through the housing or past the disk, or both, is nomore than 1 oz.8.1.11 After completion of all tests the device shall bedisassembled and examined and no part of the device shall bedamaged or show permanent deformation.8.2 Production Tests:8.2.1 E
49、ach finished spill valve is to be tested by a hydro-static test conducted at 112 times the rated relieving pressure ofthe spill valve, with the device secured closed. The test shall bemade with water or other liquid having a maximum viscosity of40 SSU at 125F (52C) with a maximum pressure testtemperature of 125F (52C). The minimum duration of thetest shall be 1 min. The purpose of this test is to detect leaksand structural imperfections. No visible leakage is permitted.8.2.2 Before being shipped, each unit shall be tested asnecessary to verify tha
