1、AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDDesign of Below-the-Hook Lifting DevicesASME BTH-12005Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME BTH-12005Design ofBelow-the-HookLifting DevicesAN AMERICAN N
2、ATIONAL STANDARDThree Park Avenue New York, NY 10016Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Date of Issuance: March 6, 2006The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in
3、 2008. There will be no addendaissued to this edition.ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of thisStandard. Interpretations are published on the ASME website under the Committee Pages athttp:/www.asme.org/codes/ as they are issued.ASME is the regis
4、tered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American NationalStandards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fromcompetent and
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9、des the issuance of interpretations by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyrig
10、ht 2006 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-CONTENTSForeword vCommittee Roster . viCorrespondence With
11、 the BTH Committee . viiChapter 1 Scope and Definitions 11-1 Purpose . 11-2 Scope . 11-3 New and Existing Devices . 11-4 General Requirements . 11-5 Definitions 31-6 Symbols . 51-7 References . 8Chapter 2 Lifter Classifications 112-1 General . 112-2 Design Category . 112-3 Service Class 12Chapter 3
12、Structural Design . 133-1 General . 133-2 Member Design . 153-3 Connection Design 213-4 Fatigue Design 283-5 Other Design Considerations . 29Chapter 4 Mechanical Design . 404-1 General . 404-2 Sheaves . 404-3 Wire Rope . 414-4 Drive Systems . 424-5 Gearing . 434-6 Bearings . 444-7 Shafting . 454-8 F
13、asteners 47Chapter 5 Electrical Components 485-1 General . 485-2 Electric Motors and Brakes . 485-3 Limit Switches, Sensors, and Push Buttons . 495-4 Controllers and Rectifiers for Lifting Device Motors 495-5 Grounding 505-6 Power Disconnects . 505-7 Batteries . 51FiguresC3-1 Selected Examples of Ta
14、ble 3-1 Requirements . 21C3-2 Block Shear 23C3-3 Pin-Connected Plate Notation 24C3-4 Stiffened Plate Lifting Beam 254-1 Sheave Dimensions 414-2 Sheave Gap 41iiiCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license f
15、rom IHS-,-,-Tables2-1 Service Class 12C2-1 Service Class Life 12C3-1 Design Category A Static Load Spectrum . 14C3-2 Design Category A Dynamic Load Spectrum . 14C3-3 Design Category B Static Load Spectrum . 14C3-4 Design Category B Dynamic Load Spectrum 143-1 Limiting Width-Thickness Ratios for Comp
16、ression Elements 163-2 Minimum Effective Throat Thickness of Partial-Penetration Groove Welds . 263-3 Minimum Sizes of Fillet Welds . 273-4 Allowable Stress Ranges, ksi (MPa) . 283-5 Fatigue Design Parameters . 304-1 Strength Factors for Calculating Load Capacity (American Standard ToothForms) 434-2
17、 L10Life 444-3a Key Size Versus Shaft Diameter (ASME B17.1) 454-3b Key Size Versus Shaft Diameter (DIN 6885-1) . 454-4 Fatigue Stress Amplification Factors 46ivCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license f
18、rom IHS-,-,-FOREWORDThere have been many formal requests for interpretation of the limited structural design criteriastated within ASME B30.20, Below-the-Hook Lifting Devices, a safety standard. As a consequence,industry has for quite some time expressed a need for a comprehensive design standard fo
19、rbelow-the hook lifting devices that would complement the safety requirements of ASME B30.20.All editions of ASME B30.20 included structural design criteria oriented toward the industrialmanufacturing community requiring a minimum design factor of three, based on the yield strengthof the material; r
20、ecent editions also included design criteria for the fatigue failure mode. However,members of the construction community expressed the need for design criteria more suitable totheir operating conditions, including a lower design factor, and the necessity to address otherfailure modes such as fractur
21、e, shear and buckling, and design topics, such as impact and fasteners.A Design Task Group was created in 1997 to begin work on a design standard as a companiondocument to ASME B30.20. The ASME BTH Standards Committee on the Design of Below-the-Hook Lifting Devices was formed out of the Design Task
22、Group and held its organizationalmeeting on December 5, 1999.ASME BTH-12005, Design of Below-the-Hook Lifting Devices, contains five chapters: Scopeand Definitions, Lifter Classifications, Structural Design, Mechanical Design, and Electrical Com-ponents. This Standard, intended for general industry
23、and construction, sets forth two designcategories for lifters based on the magnitude and variation of loading; and operating and environ-mental conditions. The two Design Categories provide different design factors for determiningallowable static stress limits. Five Service Classes, based on load cy
24、cles, are provided. The ServiceClass establishes allowable stress range values for lifter structural members and design parametersfor mechanical components.A nonmandatory Commentary, which immediately follows applicable paragraphs, is includedto provide background for the Standards provisions. Users
25、 are encouraged to consult it.This Edition was approved by the American National Standards Institute on October 18, 2005.vCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME BTH STANDARDS COMMITT
26、EEDesign of Below-the-Hook Lifting Devices(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSB. E. Schaltenbrand, ChairC. D. Meads, Vice ChairJ. D. Wendler, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELP. W. Boyd, The Boeing Co.W. B. Coon, Co
27、nsultantR. A. Dahlin, Walker Magnetics GroupK. M. Jankowski, Alternate, Walker Magnetics GroupJ. W. Downs, Downs Crane and Hoist Co.D. Duerr, 2DM Associates, Inc.J. D. Edmundson, Morris Material HandlingM. S. Hampton, Space Gateway SupportA. Kanevsky, Acco Chain and Lifting ProductsC. D. Meads, Brad
28、ley Lifting Corp.H. Bradley, Alternate, Bradley Lifting Corp.R. O. Osborn, Jr., BWX Technologies, Y-12J. W. Rowland III, ConsultantB. E. Schaltenbrand, Consulting EngineerR. S. Stemp, Lampson InternationalP. D. Sweeney, General Dynamics, Electric BoatD. R. Verenski, Hunter LiftJ. D. Wendler, The Ame
29、rican Society of Mechanical EngineersviCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-CORRESPONDENCE WITH THE BTH COMMITTEEGeneral. ASME Standards are developed and maintained with the intent to
30、represent theconsensus of concerned interests. As such, users of this Standard may interact with the Committeeby requesting interpretations, proposing revisions, and attending Committee meetings. Corre-spondence should be addressed to:Secretary, BTH Standards CommitteeThe American Society of Mechani
31、cal EngineersThree Park AvenueNew York, NY 10016-5990Proposing Revisions. Revisions are made periodically to the Standard to incorporate changesthat appear necessary or desirable, as demonstrated by the experience gained from the applicationof the Standard. Approved revisions will be published perio
32、dically.The Committee welcomes proposals for revisions to this Standard. Such proposals should beas specific as possible, citing the paragraph number(s), the proposed wording, and a detaileddescription of the reasons for the proposal, including any pertinent documentation.Interpretations. Upon reque
33、st, the BTH Committee will render an interpretation of any require-ment of the Standard. Interpretations can only be rendered in response to a written request sentto the Secretary of the BTH Standards Committee.The request for interpretation should be clear and unambiguous. It is further recommended
34、that the inquirer submit his/her request in the following format:Subject: Cite the applicable paragraph number(s) and the topic of the inquiry.Edition: Cite the applicable edition of the Standard for which the interpretation isbeing requested.Question: Phrase the question as a request for an interpr
35、etation of a specific requirementsuitable for general understanding and use, not as a request for an approvalof a proprietary design or situation. The inquirer may also include any plansor drawings, which are necessary to explain the question; however, theyshould not contain proprietary names or inf
36、ormation.Requests that are not in this format may be rewritten in the appropriate format by the Committeeprior to being answered, which may inadvertently change the intent of the original request.ASME procedures provide for reconsideration of any interpretation when or if additionalinformation that
37、might affect an interpretation is available. Further, persons aggrieved by aninterpretation may appeal to the cognizant ASME Committee or Subcommittee. ASME does not“approve,” “certify,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.Attending Committee Meetings. The BT
38、H Standards Committee regularly holds meetings,which are open to the public. Persons wishing to attend any meeting should contact the Secretaryof the BTH Standards Committee.viiCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted
39、without license from IHS-,-,-viiiCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME BTH-12005DESIGN OF BELOW-THE-HOOK LIFTING DEVICESChapter 1Scope and Definitions1-1 PURPOSEThis Standard sets f
40、orth design criteria forASME B30.20 below-the-hook lifting devices. ThisStandard serves as a guide to designers, manufacturers,purchasers, and users of below-the-hook lifting devices.Commentary: This Standard has been developed inresponse to the need to provide clarification of theintent of ASME B30
41、.20 with respect to the structuraldesign of below-the-hook lifting devices. Since the origi-nal publication of ASME B30.20 in 1986, users haverequested interpretations of the construction (structuraldesign) requirements stated therein. The level of detailrequired to provide adequate answers to the q
42、uestionssubmitted extends beyond that which can be coveredby interpretations of a B30 safety standard.1-2 SCOPEThis Standard provides minimum structural andmechanical design and electrical component selectioncriteria for ASME B30.20 below-the-hook lifting devices.The provisions in this Standard appl
43、y to the designor modification of below-the-hook lifting devices. Com-pliance with requirements and criteria that may beunique to specialized industries and environments isoutside of the scope of this Standard.Lifting devices designed to this Standard shall complywith ASME B30.20, Below-the-Hook Lif
44、ting Devices.ASME B30.20 includes provisions that apply to themarking, construction, installation, inspection, testing,maintenance, and operation of below-the-hook liftingdevices.Commentary: ASME BTH-1 addresses only designrequirements. As such, this Standard should be used inconjunction with ASME B
45、30.20, which addresses safetyrequirements. ASME BTH-1 does not replaceASME B30.20. The design criteria set forth are minimumrequirements that may be increased at the discretion ofthe lifting device manufacturer or a qualified person.11-3 NEW AND EXISTING DEVICESThe effective date of this Standard sh
46、all be one yearafter its date of issuance. Lifting devices manufacturedafter the effective date shall conform to the requirementsof this Standard.When a lifter is being modified, its design shall bereviewed relative to this Standard, and the need to meetthis Standard shall be evaluated by the manufa
47、cturer ora qualified person.Commentary: It is not the intent of this Standard torequire retrofitting of existing lifting devices.1-4 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS1-4.1 Design ResponsibilityLifting devices shall be designed by, or under thedirect supervision of, a qualified person.Commentary: Although always
48、implied, this provi-sion now explicitly states that the design of below-the-hook lifting devices is the responsibility of a qualifiedperson. This requirement has been established in recog-nition of the impact that the performance of a liftingdevice has on workplace safety, the complexity of thedesig
49、n process, and the level of knowledge and trainingrequired to competently design lifting devices.1-4.2 Units of MeasureA dual unit format is used. Values are given in U.S.Customary units as the primary units followed by theInternational System of Units (SI) in parentheses as thesecondary units. The values stated in U.S. Customa
