1、Designation: A304 11Standard Specification forCarbon and Alloy Steel Bars Subject to End-QuenchHardenability Requirements1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A304; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the
2、 year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers h
3、ot-worked alloy, carbon, andcarbon-boron steels in a variety of compositions and sizes,which may attain specified depth of hardening in the endquench test. These steel compositions are identified by thesuffix letter “H” added to the conventional grade number.1.2 This specification provides for analy
4、ses other than thoselisted under Tables 1 and 2. Special hardenability limits arealso permissible when approved by the purchaser and manu-facturer.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.2. Referenced Documen
5、ts2.1 ASTM Standards:2A29/A29M Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy,Hot-Wrought, General Requirements forA108 Specification for Steel Bar, Carbon and Alloy, Cold-FinishedA255 Test Methods for Determining Hardenability of SteelE112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain SizeE527 Practic
6、e for Numbering Metals and Alloys in theUnified Numbering System (UNS)3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 hardenabilitythe relative ability of a steel to hardenunder heat treatment becomes apparent in the degree to whichthe material hardens when quenched at differe
7、nt cooling rates.It is measured quantitatively, usually by noting the extent ordepth of hardening of a standard size and shape test specimenin a standardized quench. In the “end-quench” test the “depthof hardening” is the distance along the specimen from thequenched end to a given hardness.4. Orderi
8、ng Information4.1 Orders for material under this specification shouldinclude the following information, in proper sequence:4.1.1 Quantity (weight),4.1.2 Name of material (alloy, carbon, or carbon-boronsteel),4.1.3 Cross-sectional shape,4.1.4 Size,4.1.5 Length,4.1.6 Grade,4.1.7 End-quenched hardenabi
9、lity (see Section 9),4.1.8 Report of heat analysis, if desired (see Section 7),4.1.9 Special straightness, if required,4.1.10 ASTM designation and date of issue,4.1.11 End use or special requirements, and4.1.12 Leaded steel, when required.NOTE 1A typical ordering description is as follows: 10 000 lb
10、, alloybars, round, 4.0 in. dia by 10 ft, Grade 1340H, J 40/56 =616 in., heatanalysis required, ASTM A304, dated _, worm gear.4.2 The purchaser shall specify the desired grade, includingthe suffix letter “H,” in accordance with Table 1 or Table 2.4.3 Band limits are shown graphically and as tabulati
11、ons inFigs. 2-87, inclusive. For specifications purposes, the tabulatedvalues of Rockwell C hardness are used. Values below 20Rockwell C hardness (20 HRC) are not specified because suchvalues are below the normal range of the C scale. The graphsare shown for convenience in estimating the hardness va
12、luesobtainable at various locations on the end quench test bar and1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.15 on Bars.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2011. Published October 20
13、11. Originallyapproved in 1947. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as A304 05 (2011).DOI: 10.1520/A0304-11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the s
14、tandards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.for various locations in oil or water quenched rounds. Therelationshi
15、p between end-quench distance and bar diameter isapproximate and should be used only as a guide.4.4 Two points from the tabulated values are commonlydesignated according to one of Methods A, B, C, D, or E,which are defined in the following paragraphs. Those variousmethods are illustrated graphically
16、 in Fig. 1.4.4.1 Method AThe minimum and maximum hardnessvalues at any desired distance. This method is illustrated in Fig.1 as points A-A and would be specified as 43 to 54 HRC at J3.Obviously the distance selected would be that distance on theend quench test bar that corresponds to the section use
17、d by thepurchaser.4.4.2 Method BThe minimum and maximum distances atwhich any desired hardness value occurs. This method isillustrated in Fig. 1 as points B-B and would be specified as 39HRC at J4 minimum and J9 maximum. If the desired hardnessdoes not fall on an exact sixteenth position, the minimu
18、mdistance selected should be the nearest sixteenth positiontoward the quenched end and the maximum should be thenearest sixteenth position away from the quenched end.4.4.3 Method CTwo maximum hardness values at twodesired distances, illustrated in Fig. 1 as points C-C.4.4.4 Method DTwo minimum hardn
19、ess values at twodesired distances, illustrated in Fig. 1 as points D-D.4.4.5 Method EAny minimum hardness plus any maxi-mum hardness. When hardenability is specified according toone of the above Methods A to E, the balance of thehardenability band is not applicable.4.5 In cases when it is considere
20、d desirable, the maximumand minimum limits at a distance of116 in. from the quenchedend can be specified in addition to the other two points aspreviously described in 4.4.1-4.4.5, inclusive.4.6 In cases when it is necessary to specify more than twopoints on the hardenability band (exclusive of the m
21、aximumand minimum limits at a distance of116 in.), a tolerance of twopoints Rockwell C (HRC) over any small portion of eithercurve (except at a distance of116 in.) is customary. Thistolerance is necessary because curves of individual heats varysomewhat in shape from the standard band limits and thus
22、deviate slightly at one or more positions in the full length of thecurves.5. Manufacture5.1 Melting PracticeThe steel shall be made by one ormore of the following primary processes: open-hearth, basic-oxygen, or electric-furnace. The primary melting may incor-porate separate degassing or refining an
23、d may be followed bysecondary melting using electroslag remelting or vacuum arcremelting. Where secondary melting is employed, the heatshall be defined as all of the ingots remelted from a singleprimary heat.5.2 Slow CoolingImmediately after hot working, the barsshall be allowed to cool when necessa
24、ry to a temperature belowthe critical range under suitable conditions, to prevent injury bytoo rapid cooling.6. General Requirements6.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con-form to the applicable requirements of the current edition ofSpecification A29/A29M or A108, unless otherwise
25、providedfor in this specification.7. Chemical Composition7.1 The heat analysis shall conform to the requirements asto chemical composition prescribed in Tables 1 and 2 for thegrade specified by the purchaser.7.2 When a steel cannot be identified by a standard gradenumber in accordance with Tables 1
26、and 2, other compositionsmay be specified, as agreed upon between the purchaser andthe manufacturer. Generally, hardenability bands will not beavailable for such compositions.7.3 When requested by the manufacturer, and approved bythe purchaser, other steels capable of meeting the purchasersspecified
27、 hardenability may be furnished in place of the gradespecified by the purchaser.8. Grain Size Requirements8.1 The steel shall conform to the fine austenitic grain sizerequirement of Specification A29/A29M.8.2 Hardenability values specified in this specification arebased on fine-grain steels and are
28、not applicable to coarse-grainmaterial. In case coarse-grain steel is desired, the hardenabilityvalues shall be negotiated between the purchaser and themanufacturer.9. End-Quench Hardenability Requirements9.1 The end-quench hardenability shall conform to therequirements specified on the purchase ord
29、er.9.2 The hardenability values shall be specified in accor-dance with the applicable values in Figs. 2-87 inclusive for thegrade specified. See Fig. 1 for method of specifying harden-ability.9.3 When agreed upon between the purchaser and manufac-turer, special hardenability limits may be ordered an
30、d shall bereflected on the purchase order.10. Test Specimens10.1 Number and LocationThe number and location oftest specimens shall be in accordance with the manufacturersstandard practice and shall adequately represent the harden-ability of each heat.10.2 Thermal TreatmentAll forged or rolled harden
31、abilitytest specimens must be normalized prior to testing. Castspecimens need not be normalized.11. Test Methods11.1 Grain SizeTest Methods E112.11.2 End-Quench HardenabilityTest Method A255.12. Certification and Reports of Testing12.1 When the full H-band is specified for alloy steels, thehardenabi
32、lity can be reported by listing hardness values at thefollowing distances from the quenched end of the test speci-men: 1 through 16 sixteenths, then 18, 20, 22, 24, 28, and 32sixteenths of an inch.A304 11212.2 Tables 2-18 in Test Methods A255 are to be used tocalculate hardenability from the chemica
33、l ideal diameter for thegrades shown in 10.1 of Test Methods A255. Hardenabilityresults are to be reported for the first 10 sixteenths (16 mm),then 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 24, 28, and 32 sixteenths of an inch.NOTE 2The reporting hardenability using the calculated methoddiffers from the procedure shown i
34、n 6.4 of Test Methods A255.12.3 For carbon H-steels, distances from the quenched endmay be reported by listing sixteenths or half sixteenths (ratherthan full sixteenths only as with alloy steels). Units ofsixteenths rather than thirty-seconds are followed for all steelsto avoid misunderstanding. Whe
35、n the full H-band is specifiedhalf sixteenths through 8 may be reported, as well as thedistances listed in 12.1.13. Keywords13.1 alloy steel bars; carbon steel bars; end quench harden-ability; steel barsSUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard
36、since the last issue (A304 05(2011) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved October 1, 2011.)(1) Changed Silicon values from 0.150.30 to 0.150.35 on allexcept 15B62H in Table 2.TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements of Alloy H SteelsANOTE 1 Phosphorus and sulfur in open-hearth steel is 0.035 %, m
37、ax, and 0.040 %, max respectively. Phosphorus and sulfur in electric-furnace steel(designated by the prefix letter “E”) is 0.025 %, max.NOTE 2Small quantities of certain elements are present in alloy steels that are not specified or required. These elements are considered as incidentaland may be pre
38、sent to the following maximum amounts: copper, 0.35 %; nickel, 0.25 %; chromium, 0.20 %; molybdenum, 0.06 %.NOTE 3Chemical ranges and limits shown in this table are subject to the permissible variation for product analysis shown in SpecificationA29/A29M.NOTE 4Standard “H” Steels can be produced with
39、 a lead range of 0.150.35 %. Such steels are identified by inserting the letter “L” between thesecond and third numerals of the grade designation, for example, 41L40H. Lead is generally reported as a range of 0.150.35 %.UNS Desig-nationAGrade Designation Chemical Composition, %Carbon Manganese Silic
40、on Nickel Chromium MolybdenumH 13300 1330 H 0.270.33 1.452.05 0.150.35 . . .H 13350 1335 H 0.320.38 1.452.05 0.150.35 . . .H 13400 1340 H 0.370.44 1.452.05 0.150.35 . . .H 13450 1345 H 0.420.49 1.452.05 0.150.35 . . .H 40270 4027 H 0.240.30 0.601.00 0.150.35 . . 0.200.30H 40280 4028 HB0.240.30 0.601
41、.00 0.150.35 . . 0.200.30H 40320 4032 H 0.290.35 0.601.00 0.150.35 . . 0.200.30H 40370 4037 H 0.340.41 0.601.00 0.150.35 . . 0.200.30H 40420 4042 H 0.390.46 0.601.00 0.150.35 . . 0.200.30H 40470 4047 H 0.440.51 0.601.00 0.150.35 . . 0.200.30H 41180 4118 H 0.170.23 0.601.00 0.150.35 . 0.300.70 0.080.
42、15H 41300 4130 H 0.270.33 0.300.70 0.150.35 . 0.751.20 0.150.25H 41350 4135 H 0.320.38 0.601.00 0.150.35 . 0.751.20 0.150.25H 41370 4137 H 0.340.41 0.601.00 0.150.35 . 0.751.20 0.150.25H 41400 4140 H 0.370.44 0.651.10 0.150.35 . 0.751.20 0.150.25H 41420 4142 H 0.390.46 0.651.10 0.150.35 . 0.751.20 0
43、.150.25H 41450 4145 H 0.420.49 0.651.10 0.150.35 . 0.751.20 0.150.25H 41470 4147 H 0.440.51 0.651.10 0.150.35 . 0.751.20 0.150.25H 41500 4150 H 0.470.54 0.651.10 0.150.35 . 0.751.20 0.150.25H 41610 4161 H 0.550.65 0.651.10 0.150.35 . 0.650.95 0.250.35H 43200 4320 H 0.170.23 0.400.70 0.150.35 1.552.0
44、0 0.350.65 0.200.30H 43400 4340 H 0.370.44 0.550.90 0.150.35 1.552.00 0.650.95 0.200.30H 43406 E4340 H 0.370.44 0.600.95 0.150.35 1.552.00 0.650.95 0.200.30H 44190 4419 H 0.170.23 0.350.75 0.150.35 . . 0.450.60H 46200 4620 H 0.170.23 0.350.75 0.150.35 1.552.00 . 0.200.30H 46210 4621 H 0.170.23 0.601
45、.00 0.150.35 1.552.00 . 0.200.30H 46260 4626 0.230.29 0.400.70 0.150.35 0.651.05 . 0.150.25H 47180 4718 H 0.150.21 0.600.95 0.150.35 0.851.25 0.300.60 0.300.40H 47200 4720 H 0.170.23 0.450.75 0.150.35 0.851.25 0.300.60 0.150.25H 48150 4815 H 0.120.18 0.300.70 0.150.35 3.203.80 . 0.200.30H 48170 4817
46、 H 0.140.20 0.300.70 0.150.35 3.203.80 . 0.200.30A304 113TABLE 1 ContinuedUNS Desig-nationAGrade Designation Chemical Composition, %Carbon Manganese Silicon Nickel Chromium MolybdenumH 48200 4820 H 0.170.23 0.400.80 0.150.35 3.203.80 . 0.200.30H 50401 50B40 HC0.370.44 0.651.10 0.150.35 . 0.300.70 .H
47、 50441 50B44 HC0.420.49 0.651.10 0.150.35 . 0.300.70 .H 50460 5046 H 0.430.50 0.651.10 0.150.35 . 0.130.43 .H 50461 50B46 HC0.430.50 0.651.10 0.150.35 . 0.130.43 .H 50501 50B50 HC0.470.54 0.651.10 0.150.35 . 0.300.70 .H 50601 50B60 HC0.550.65 0.651.10 0.150.35 . 0.300.70 .H 51200 5120 H 0.170.23 0.6
48、01.00 0.150.35 . 0.601.00 .H 51300 5130 H 0.270.33 0.601.00 0.150.35 . 0.751.20 .H 51320 5132 H 0.290.35 0.500.90 0.150.35 . 0.651.10 .H 51350 5135 H 0.320.38 0.500.90 0.150.35 . 0.701.15 .H 51400 5140 H 0.370.44 0.601.00 0.150.35 . 0.601.00 .H 51450 5145 H 0.420.49 0.601.00 0.150.35 . 0.601.00 .H 5
49、1470 5147 H 0.450.52 0.601.05 0.150.35 . 0.801.25 .H 51500 5150 H 0.470.54 0.601.00 0.150.35 . 0.601.00 .H 51550 5155 H 0.500.60 0.601.00 0.150.35 . 0.601.00 .H 51600 5160 H 0.550.65 0.651.10 0.150.35 . 0.601.00 .H 51601 51B60HC0.550.65 0.651.10 0.150.35 . 0.601.00 .H 61180 6118 HD0.150.21 0.400.80 0.150.35 . 0.400.80 .H61500
