1、Designation: A 312/A 312M 08Used in USDOE-NE standardsStandard Specification forSeamless, Welded, and Heavily Cold Worked AusteniticStainless Steel Pipes1This standard is issued under the fixed designationA 312/A 312M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original ad
2、option or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
3、1. Scope*1.1 This specification2covers seamless, straight-seamwelded, and heavily cold worked welded austenitic stainlesssteel pipe intended for high-temperature and general corrosiveservice.NOTE 1When the impact test criterion for a low-temperature servicewould be 15 ftlbf 20 J energy absorption or
4、 15 mils 0.38 mm lateralexpansion, some of the austenitic stainless steel grades covered by thisspecification are accepted by certain pressure vessel or piping codeswithout the necessity of making the actual test. For example, GradesTP304, TP304L, and TP347 are accepted by the ASME Pressure VesselCo
5、de, Section VIII Division 1, and by the Chemical Plant and RefineryPiping Code, ANSI B31.3, for service at temperatures as low as 425 F250 C without qualification by impact tests. Other AISI stainless steelgrades are usually accepted for service temperatures as low as 325 F200 C without impact testi
6、ng. Impact testing may, under certaincircumstances, be required. For example, materials with chromium ornickel content outside the AISI ranges, and for material with carboncontent exceeding 0.10 %, are required to be impact tested under the rulesof ASME Section VIII Division 1 when service temperatu
7、res are lowerthan 50 F 45 C.1.2 Grades TP304H, TP309H, TP309HCb, TP310H,TP310HCb, TP316H, TP321H, TP347H, and TP348H aremodifications of Grades TP304, TP309Cb, TP309S, TP310Cb,TP310S, TP316, TP321, TP347, and TP348, and are intendedfor service at temperatures where creep and stress ruptureproperties
8、 are important.1.3 Optional supplementary requirements are provided forpipe where a greater degree of testing is desired. Thesesupplementary requirements call for additional tests to be madeand, when desired, it is permitted to specify in the order one ormore of these supplementary requirements.1.4
9、Table X1.1 lists the standardized dimensions of weldedand seamless stainless steel pipe as shown in ANSI B36.19.These dimensions are also applicable to heavily cold workedpipe. Pipe having other dimensions is permitted to be orderedand furnished provided such pipe complies with all otherrequirements
10、 of this specification.1.5 Grades TP321 and TP321H have lower strength require-ments for pipe manufactured by the seamless process innominal wall thicknesses greater than38 in. 9.5 mm.1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. Within the te
11、xt, theSI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in eachsystem are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system mustbe used independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-cation. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M”d
12、esignation of this specification is specified in the order.NOTE 2The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) hasbeen substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominaldiameter,” “size,” and “nominal size.”2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3A 262 Practices for Detect
13、ing Susceptibility to Intergranu-lar Attack in Austenitic Stainless SteelsA 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA 941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Re-lated Alloys, and FerroalloysA 999/A 999M Specification for General Requirements forAlloy and S
14、tainless Steel PipeA 1016/A 1016M Specification for General Requirementsfor Ferritic Alloy Steel, Austenitic Alloy Steel, and Stain-less Steel TubesE112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain SizeE 381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets,Blooms, and Forgings1This specification is und
15、er the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products.Current edition approved March 1, 2008. Published April 2008. Originallyapproved in 1948. Last previous edition a
16、pproved in 2007 as A 312/A 312M 07.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-cation SA-312 in Section II of that Code.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStan
17、dards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.E 527 Practice for Numbering
18、Metals and Alloys in theUnified Numbering System (UNS)2.2 ANSI Standards:4B1.20.1 Pipe Threads, General PurposeB36.10 Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel PipeB36.19 Stainless Steel Pipe2.3 ASME Standard:ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code : Section VIII52.4 AWS Standard:A5.9 Corrosion-Resisting Chrom
19、ium and Chromium-Nickel Steel Welding Rods and Electrodes62.5 Other Standard:SAE J1086 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys(UNS)73. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 The definitions in Specification A 999/A 999M andTerminology A 941 are applicable to this specification.4. Ordering Information4.1
20、Orders for material to this specification shall conform tothe requirements of the current edition of Specification A 999/A 999M.5. General Requirements5.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con-form to the applicable requirements of the current edition ofSpecificationA 999/A 999M unle
21、ss otherwise provided herein.5.2 Heat Treatment:5.2.1 All pipe shall be furnished in the heattreated con-dition in accordance with the requirements of Table 2. Theheattreatment procedure, except for “H” grades, S30815,S31035, S31272, S31254, S32654, N08367, N08904, andN08926 shall consist of heating
22、 the pipe to a minimumtemperature of 1900 F 1040 C and quenching in water orrapidly cooling by other means.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Manufacture:6.1.1 The pipe shall be manufactured by one of the follow-ing processes:6.1.2 Seamless (SML) pipe shall be made by a process thatdoes not involve wel
23、ding at any stage of production.6.1.3 Welded (WLD) pipe shall be made using an automaticwelding process with no addition of filler metal during thewelding process.6.1.4 Heavily cold-worked (HCW) pipe shall be made byapplying cold working of not less than 35 % reduction inthickness of both wall and w
24、eld to a welded pipe prior to thefinal anneal. No filler shall be used in making the weld. Priorto cold working, the weld shall be 100 % radiographicallyinspected in accordance with the requirements ofASME Boilerand Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1, latestrevision, Paragraph UW-51.6.1.
25、5 Welded pipe and HCW pipe of NPS 14 and smallershall have a single longitudinal weld. Welded pipe and HCWpipe of a size larger than NPS 14 shall have a singlelongitudinal weld or shall be produced by forming and weldingtwo longitudinal sections of flat stock when approved by thepurchaser. All weld
26、tests, examinations, inspections, or treat-ments shall be performed on each weld seam.6.1.6 At the option of the manufacturer, pipe shall be eitherhot finished or cold finished.6.1.7 The pipe shall be free of scale and contaminatingexogenous iron particles. Pickling, blasting, or surface finish-ing
27、is not mandatory when pipe is bright annealed. Thepurchaser is permitted to require that a passivating treatment beapplied to the finished pipe.4Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.5Available from American Soci
28、ety of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.6Available from American Welding Society (AWS), 550 NW LeJeune Rd.,Miami, FL 33126, http:/www.aws.org.7Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonweal
29、thDr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http:/www.sae.org.A 312/A 312M 082TABLE1ChemicalRequirementsGradeUNSDesig-nationAComposition,%BCarbonManga-nesePhos-phorusSulfurSiliconChrom-iumNickelMolyb- denumTita-niumColum-biumTanta-lum,maxNitro- genCVana-diumCopperCeriumBoronAlum-inumOther.S204000.0307.09.00.0
30、450.0301.0015.017.01.503.00.0.150.30.TPXM-19S209100.064.06.00.0450.0301.0020.523.511.513.51.503.00.0.100.30.0.200.400.100.30.TPXM-10S219000.088.0 10.00.0450.0301.0019.021.55.57.5.0.150.40.TPXM-11S219040.048.0 10.00.0450.0301.0019.021.55.57.5.0.150.40.TPXM-29S240000.0811.514.50.0600.0301.0017.019.02.
31、33.7.0.200.40.TP201S201000.155.57.50.0600.0301.0016.018.03.55.5.0.25.TP201LNS201530.036.47.50.0450.0150.7516.017.54.05.0.0.100.25.1.00.TP304S304000.082.000.0450.0301.0018.020.08.0 11.0.TP304LS304030.035D2.000.0450.0301.0018.020.08.0 13.0.TP304HS304090.040.102.000.0450.0301.0018.020.08.0 11.0.S304150
32、.040.060.800.0450.0301.002.0018.019.09.0 10.0.0.120.18.0.030.08TP304NS304510.082.000.0450.0301.0018.020.08.0 18.0.0.100.16.TP304LNS304530.0352.000.0450.0301.0018.020.08.0 12.0.0.100.16.S306000.0182.000.020.023.74.317.018.514.015.50.20.0.50max.S306150.160.242.000.0300.033.24.017.019.513.516.0.0.801.5
33、0.S308150.050.100.800.0400.0301.402.0020.022.010.012.0.0.140.20.0.030.08TP309SS309080.082.000.0450.0301.0022.024.012.015.00.75.TP309HS309090.040.102.000.0450.0301.0022.024.012.015.0.TP309CbS309400.082.000.0450.0301.0022.024.012.016.00.75.103Cmin,1.10max.TP309HCbS309410.040.102.000.0450.0301.0022.024
34、.012.016.00.75.103Cmin,1.10max.S310020.0152.000.0200.0150.1524.026.019.022.00.10.0.10.TP310SS310080.082.000.0450.0301.0024.026.019.022.00.75.TP310HS310090.040.102.000.0450.0301.0024.026.019.022.0.S310350.040.100.600.0300.0150.4021.523.523.526.50.300.600.150.302.03.50.0020.008W2.03.0Co1.02.0A 312/A 3
35、12M 083TABLE1ContinuedGradeUNSDesig-nationAComposition,%BCarbonManga-nesePhos-phorusSulfurSiliconChrom-iumNickelMolyb- denumTita-niumColum-biumTanta-lum,maxNitro- genCVana-diumCopperCeriumBoronAlum-inumOtherTP310CbS310400.082.000.0450.0301.0024.026.019.022.00.75.103Cmin,1.10max.TP310HCbS310410.040.1
36、02.000.0450.0301.0024.026.019.022.00.75.103Cmin,1.10max.S310500.0252.000.0200.0150.424.026.020.523.51.62.6.0.090.15.S312540.0201.000.0300.0100.8019.520.517.518.56.06.5.0.180.22.0.501.00.S312720.080121.5 2.000.0300.0150.250.7514.016.014.016.01.001.400.300.600.0040.008S312770.0203.000.0300.0100.5020.5
37、23.026.028.06.58.00.300.400.501.50TP316S316000.082.000.0450.0301.0016.018.011.014.0E2.003.00.TP316LS316030.035D2.000.0450.0301.0016.018.010.014.02.003.00.TP316HS316090.040.102.000.0450.0301.0016.018.011.014.0E2.003.00.TP316TiS316350.082.000.0450.0300.7516.018.010.014.02.003.0053(C+N) 0.70.0.10.TP316
38、NS316510.082.000.0450.0301.0016.018.011.014.0E2.003.000.100.16.TP316LNS316530.0352.000.0450.0301.0016.018.011.014.0E2.003.00.0.100.16.TP317S317000.082.000.0450.0301.0018.020.011.014.03.04.0.TP317LS317030.0352.000.0450.0301.0018.020.011.015.03.04.0.S317250.032.000.040F0.0301.0018.020.013.517.54.05.0.
39、0.10.0.75.S317260.032.000.040F0.0301.0017.020.014.517.54.05.0.0.100.20.0.75.S317270.031.000.0300.0301.0017.519.014.516.53.84.5.0.150.21.2.84.0.S320530.031.000.0300.0101.0022.024.024.026.05.06.0.0.170.22.TP321S321000.082.000.0450.0301.0017.019.09.0 12.0.G.0.10.TP321HS321090.040.102.000.0450.0301.0017
40、.019.09.0 12.0.H.S326150.072.000.0450.0304.86.016.519.519.022.00.301.50.1.502.50.S326540.0202.04.00.0300.0050.5024.025.021.023.07.08.0.0.450.55.0.300.60.S332280.040.081.000.0200.0150.3026.028.031.033.0.0.601.00.0.050.10.0.025.S345650.035.07.00.0300.0101.0023.025.016.018.04.05.0.0.100.400.60.TP347S34
41、7000.082.000.0450.0301.0017.019.09.0 13.0.I.A 312/A 312M 084TABLE1ContinuedGradeUNSDesig-nationAComposition,%BCarbonManga-nesePhos-phorusSulfurSiliconChrom-iumNickelMolyb- denumTita-niumColum-biumTanta-lum,maxNitro- genCVana-diumCopperCeriumBoronAlum-inumOtherTP347HS347090.040.102.000.0450.0301.0017
42、.019.09.0 13.0.J.TP347LNS347510.0050.0202.000.0450.0301.0017.019.09.0 13.0.0.200.50F,K.0.060.10.TP348S348000.082.000.0450.0301.0017.019.09.0 13.0.I0.10.TP348HS348090.040.102.000.0450.0301.0017.019.09.0 13.0.J0.10.S350450.060.101.50.0.0151.0025.029.032.037.0.0.150.60.0.75.0.150.60.S353150.040.082.000
43、.0400.0301.202.0024.026.034.036.0.0.120.18.0.030.08.TPXM-15S381000.082.000.0300.0301.502.5017.019.017.518.5.S388150.0302.000.0400.0205.56.513.015.015.017.00.751.50.0.751.50.0.30.N083670.0302.000.0400.0301.0020.022.023.525.56.07.0.0.180.25.0.75.N089040.0202.000.0400.0301.0019.023.023.028.04.05.0.0.10
44、.1.002.00.N089260.0202.000.0300.0100.5024.026.019.021.06.07.0.0.150.25.0.501.50.ANewdesignationestablishedinaccordancewithPracticeE527andSAEJ1086.BMaximum,unlessotherwiseindicated.CThemethodofanalysisfornitrogenshallbeamatterofagreementbetweenthepurchaserandmanufacturer.DForsmalldiameterorthinwallso
45、rboth,wheremanydrawingpassesarerequired,acarbonmaximumof0.040%isnecessaryingradesTP304LandTP316L.Smalloutsidediametertubesaredefinedasthoselessthan0.500in.12.7mminoutsidediameterandlightwalltubesasthoselessthan0.049in.1.20mminaveragewallthickness(0.044in.1.10mminminimumwallthickness).EForweldedTP316
46、,TP316N,TP316LN,andTP316Hpipe,thenickelrangeshallbe10.014.0%.FForweldedpipe,thephosphorusmaximumshallbe0.045%.GThetitaniumcontentshallbenotlessthanfivetimesthecarboncontentandnotmorethan0.70%.HThetitaniumcontentshallbenotlessthanfourtimesthecarboncontentandnotmorethan0.60%.IThecolumbiumcontentshallb
47、enotlessthantentimesthecarboncontentandnotmorethan1.00%.JThecolumbiumcontentshallbenotlessthaneighttimesthecarboncontentandnotmorethan1.0%.KGradeS34751shallhaveacolumbium(niobium)plustantalumcontentofnotlessthan15timesthecarboncontent.A 312/A 312M 0856.2 Heat TreatmentAll pipe shall be furnished in theheat-treated condition in accordance with the requirements ofTable 2. Alternatively, for seamless pipe, immediately follow-ing hot forming while the temperature of the pipes is not lessthan the minimum solution treatment temperature specified inTable 2, pi
