1、Designation: A473 01 (Reapproved 2009)A473 13Standard Specification forStainless Steel Forgings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A473; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A
2、number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope Scope*1.1 This specification covers austenitic, austeniti
3、c-ferritic, ferritic, and martensitic stainless steel forgings for general use, andfor low- or high-temperature service.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information
4、only and are not considered standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A314 Specification for Stainless Steel Billets and Bars for ForgingA370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel ProductsA484/A484M Specification for General Requirements for Stainless Steel Bars, Bil
5、lets, and ForgingsA751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel ProductsE527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the Unified Numbering System (UNS)3. Ordering Information3.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all requirements that are necessar
6、y for material ordered under thisspecification. Such requirements may include, but are not limited to, the following:3.1.1 Quantity (weight or number of pieces),3.1.2 Dimensions, including prints or sketches,3.1.3 Name of material (stainless steel forgings),3.1.4 Type or UNS designation (Table 1),3.
7、1.5 Condition (Table 2), and3.1.6 ASTM designation and date of issue.3.1.7 Test for magnetic permeability if specified by customer purchase order when ordering Types 207 and 205.3.1.8 Special requirements.3.2 If possible the intended end use of the item should be given on the purchase order especial
8、ly when the item is ordered fora specific end use or uses.NOTE 1A typical ordering description is as follows: 5 stainless steel forgings, Type 410, Designation A, ASTM Specification A473 dated .End use: pump blocks for oil well equipment.4. General Requirements4.1 In addition to the requirements of
9、this specification, all requirements of the current edition of Specification A484/A484Mshall apply. Failure to comply with the general requirements of Specification A484/A484M constitutes nonconformance with thisspecification.1 This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Ste
10、el, Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.17on Flat-Rolled and Wrought Stainless Steel.Current edition approved May 1, 2009Nov. 1, 2013. Published May 2009 November 2013. Originally approved in 1962. Last previous edition approved in 20012009 asA473 0
11、1.A473 01 (2009). DOI: 10.1520/A0473-01R09.10.1520/A0473-13.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.T
12、his document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior edit
13、ions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959
14、. United States15. Manufacture5.1 Material for forgings shall consist of ingots or blooms, billets, slabs, or bars, either forged or rolled from an ingot, and cutto the required length by a suitable process. This material, except for ingots, may be specified to Specification A314.TABLE 1 Chemical Re
15、quirementsAUNSDesig-nationBTypeNum-berCarbon,%Manga-nese,%Phos-pho-rus,%Sulfur,%Silicon,%Chromium,%Nickel,%Molyb-denum, %Nitro-gen, %OtherElements,%Austenitic GradesS20100 201 0.15 5.57.5 0.060 0.030 1.00 16.018.0 3.55.5 . . . 0.25S20200 202 0.15 7.510.0 0.060 0.030 1.00 17.019.0 4.06.0 . . . 0.25S2
16、0500 205 0.120.25 14.015.5 0.060 0.030 1.00 16.518.0 1.001.75 . . . 0.320.40S21900 XM-10 0.08 8.010.0 0.060 0.030 1.00 19.021.5 5.57.5 . . . 0.150.40S21904 XM-11 0.04 8.010.0 0.060 0.030 1.00 19.021.5 5.57.5 . . . 0.150.40S28200 . . . 0.15 17.019.0 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.019.0 . . . 0.751.25 0.400.60 C
17、u 0.751.25S30200 302 0.15 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.019.0 8.010.0 . . . 0.10S30215 302B 0.15 2.00 0.045 0.030 2.003.00 17.019.0 8.010.0 . . . . . .S30300 303 0.15 2.00 0.20 0.15 min 1.00 17.019.0 8.010.0 0.60C . . .S30323 303 Se 0.15 2.00 0.20 0.06 1.00 17.019.0 8.010.0 . . . . . . Se 0.15 minS30400
18、304 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.020.0 8.010.5 . . . 0.10S30403 304L 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.020.0 8.012.0 . . . 0.10S30500 305 0.12 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.019.0 10.513.0 . . . . . .S30800 308 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 19.021.0 10.012.0 . . . . . .S30815 . . . 0.10 0.80 0.040 0.030 1.402.
19、00 20.022.0 10.012.0 . . . 0.140.20 Ce 0.030.08S30900 309 0.20 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 22.024.0 12.015.0 . . . . . .S30908 309S 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 22.024.0 12.015.0 . . . . . .S31000 310 0.25 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.50 24.026.0 19.022.0 . . . . . .S31008 310S 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.50 24.026.0 19.
20、022.0 . . . . . .S31254 . . . 0.020 1.00 0.030 0.010 0.80 19.520.5 17.518.5 6.06.5 0.180.22 Cu 0.501.00S31254 . . . 0.020 1.00 0.030 0.010 0.80 19.520.5 17.518.5 6.06.5 0.180.25 Cu 0.501.00S31400 314 0.25 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.503.00 23.026.0 19.022.0 . . . . . .S31600 316 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16
21、.018.0 10.014.0 2.003.00 0.10S31603 316L 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.018.0 10.014.0 2.003.00 0.10S31700 317 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.020.0 11.015.0 3.04.0 0.10S32100 321 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.019.0 9.012.0 . . . . . . Ti 5C minS34700 347 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.019.0 9.013.0 .
22、. . . . . Cb+Ta 10C,minS34800 348 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.019.0 9.013.0 . . . . . . Cb+Ta 10C,minTa 0.10Co 0.20Austenitic-Ferritic GradesS32550D . . . 0.04 1.50 0.040 0.030 1.00 24.0-27.0 4.5-6.5 2.9-3.9 0.10-0.25 Cu 1.502.50S32760D . . . 0.030 1.00 0.030 0.010 1.00 24.026.0 6.08.0 3.04.0 0.20
23、0.30 Cu 0.501.00W 0.501.00S32950 . . . 0.03 2.00 0.035 0.010 0.60 26.029.0 3.55.2 1.002.50 0.150.35Ferritic GradesS40500 405 0.08 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 11.514.5 0.60 . . . . . . A1 0.100.30S42900 429 0.12 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 14.016.0 0.75 . . . . . .S43000 430 0.12 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 16.018.0 0
24、.75 . . . . . .S43020 430F 0.12 1.25 0.06 0.15 min 1.00 16.018.0 0.75 0.60C . . .S43023S44600430F Se4460.120.201.251.500.060.0400.060.0301.001.0016.018.023.027.00.750.75. . . . . . .0.25Se 0.15 minMartensitic GradesS40300 403 0.15 1.00 0.040 0.030 0.50 11.513.0 . . . . . . . . . . . .S41000 410 0.15
25、 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 11.513.5 0.75 . . . . . . . . .S41008 410S 0.08 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 11.513.5 0.75 . . . . . . . . .S41400 414 0.15 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 11.513.5 1.252.50 . . . . . . . . .S41425 . . . 0.05 0.501.00 0.020 0.005 0.50 12.015.0 4.07.0 1.502.00 0.060.12 Cu 0.30S41500 E 0.05 0.51
26、.0 0.030 0.030 0.60 11.514.0 3.55.5 0.400.80 . . .S41600 416 0.15 1.25 0.06 0.15 min 1.00 12.014.0 . . . 0.60C . . .S41623 416 Se 0.15 1.25 0.06 0.06 1.00 12.014.0 . . . . . . . . . Se 0.15 minS42000 420 Over 0.15 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 12.014.0 . . . . . . . . . . . .S43100 431 0.20 1.00 0.040 0.030
27、 1.00 15.017.0 1.252.50 . . . . . . . . .S44002 440A 0.600.75 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 16.018.0 . . . 0.75 . . .S44003 440B 0.750.95 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 16.018.0 . . . 0.75 . . .S44004 440C 0.951.20 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 16.018.0 . . . 0.75 . . .A Maximum, unless range or minimum is indicated.B New d
28、esignation established in accordance with Practice E527 and SAE J 1086.C At manufacturers option; reported only when intentionally added.D % Cr + 3.3 % Mo + 16 % N $ 40.E Wrought version of CA6NM.A473 1325.2 The material shall be forged by hammering, pressing, rolling, extruding, or upsetting. It sh
29、all be brought as nearly aspossible to the finished shape and size by hot-working; and shall be processed, if practicable, so as to cause metal-flow during thehot-working operation in the direction most favorable for resisting the stresses encountered in service as may be indicated to themanufacture
30、r by the purchaser.5.3 When specified on the order, a sample forging may be sectioned and etched to show flow lines and the condition as regardsinternal imperfections. When so specified, the question of acceptable and unacceptable metal-flow shall be subject to agreementbetween the manufacturer and
31、the purchaser prior to order entry.5.4 When specified on the order, the manufacturer shall submit for approval of the purchaser a sketch showing the shape of therough forging before machining, or before heat treating for mechanical properties.5.5 The grain size shall be as fine as practicable and pr
32、ecautions shall be taken to minimize grain growth.6. Heat Treatment6.1 Except for S31254, the austenitic steels shall receive a solution heat treatment, consisting of heating the material to aminimum temperature of 1900F (1040C), followed by cooling rapidly in air or water.6.2 S31254 shall receive a
33、 solution heat treatment, consisting of heating the material to a minimum temperature of 2100F(1150C) followed by cooling rapidly in air or water.6.3 When specified,Types 347, 348, and 321 shall receive a stabilization heat treatment in addition to the solution heat treatmentspecified in 6.1, which
34、shall consist of holding the forgings at 1550 to 1750F (845 to 955C) for 1 h for each inch of sectionthickness with a minimum holding time of 2 h, followed by air-cooling or water quenching. The stabilization heat treatment is notTABLE 2 Mechanical Property RequirementsType ConditionYield Strength,m
35、in, ksi(MPa)ATensile Strength,min, ksi(MPa)Elongationin 2 in.(50 mm) or4D, min %Reductionof Area,min, %BrinellHardnessNumber,maxAustenitic Grades201, 302, 302B, 303, 303SE, 305, 308, 309,309S, 310, 310S, 314, 317, 321, 347, 348A 30 (205) 75 (515) 40 50 . . .202 A 45 (310) 90 (620) 40 50 . . .205 A 5
36、0 (345) 90 (620) 40 50 . . .304 and 316, Sections 5 in. (127 mm) andUnderA 30 (205) 75 (515) 40 50 . . .304 and 316, Sections Over 5 in. (127 mm) A 30 (205) 70 (485) 40 50 . . .304L and 316L A 25 (170) 65 (450) 40 50 . . .XM-10 and XM-11 A 50 (345) 90 (620) 45 60 . . .S28200 A 60 (415) 110 (760) 40
37、55 . . .S30815 A 45 (310) 87 (600) 40 50 . . .S31254 A 44 (300) 95 (650) 35 50 . . .Austenitic-Ferritic GradesS32550 A 80 (550) 109 (750) 25.0 . . . 290S32950 A 70 (480) 100 (690) 15 . . . 293S32760 A 80 (550) 109 (750) 25 . . . 290Ferritic Grades430F, 430FSE, 446 A 40 (275) 70 (485) 20 45 223405 A
38、30 (205) 60 (415) 20 45 207429 A 35 (240) 65 (450) 23 45 207430 A 35 (240) 70 (485) 20 45 217Martensitic Grades403, 410, 416, 416SE A 40 (275) 70 (485) 20 45 223410S A 35 (240) 65 (450) 22 45 217414 A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298T 90 (620) 115 (795) 15 45 321H 100 (690) 125 (860) 15 45 32
39、1S41425 T 120 (825) 95 (655) 15 45 321S41500 normalized and tempered 90 (620) 115 (795) 15 45 295420 A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223431 A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277BT 90 (620) 115 (795) 15 . . . 321H 135 (930) 175 (1210) 13 . . . 440440A, 440B, 440C A . . . . . . . . . . . . .
40、 . . . . . 269A Yield strength shall be determined by the 0.2 % offset method in accordance with Test Methods and Definitions A370.An alternative method of determining yield strengthmay be used based on a total extension under load of 0.5 %.B Type 431 forgings of designation A, when specified, shall
41、 be capable of meeting the above mechanical property requirements of designation T after oil quenching from1800 to 1900F (980 to 1038C) and tempering at not less than 1100F (595C), or designation H when oil quenched from 1850 to 1950F (1010 to 1065C) and temperedat not more than 700F (370C).A473 133
42、usually specified, unless thesesteels are intended for severely corrosive environments in the temperature range from 800 to 1600F(425 to 870C). When specified, the stabilization heat treatment shall be the final heat treatment and may be performed beforemachining.6.4 S32950 shall receive an annealin
43、g treatment, consisting of heating the material to a temperature of 1825F (995C) to1875F (1025C) for an appropriate time followed by water quenching or rapid cooling by other means.6.5 S32760 shall receive an annealing treatment consisting of heating the material to a minimum temperature of 2010F(11
44、00C), followed by water quenching or rapid cooling by other means.6.6 The ferritic grades shall be properly annealed:6.7 Except for S41425 and S41500, the martensitic grades shall be annealed, or hardened and tempered as specified. Liquidquenching shall be permitted only by agreement with the purcha
45、ser.6.8 For S41425, heat to 1700F (925C) minimum and hold for 1 h at temperature minimum. Air cool to below 90F (32C)and temper at 1100F (595C) minimum for 1 h/in. of cross-sectional thickness minimum.6.9 For S41500 heat to 1750F (955C) minimum, air cool to 200F (95C) or lower prior to any optional
46、intermediate temperand prior to the final temper. The final temper shall be between 1050F (565C) and 1150F (620C).6.10 Types 420, 440A, 440B, and 440C should be used by the purchaser in the hardened and tempered condition. In responseto heat treatment, these materials shall be capable of meeting the
47、 minimum hardness requirements as specified in Table 3.6.11 Type S32550 shall receive an annealing treatment consisting of heating the material to a minimum temperature of 1940F(1060C), followed by water quenching of rapid cooling by other means.7. Chemical Composition7.1 The steel shall conform to
48、the requirements for chemical composition specified in Table 1.7.2 Methods and practices relating to chemical analysis required by this specification shall be in accordance with Methods,Practices, and Terminology A751.8. Mechanical Properties Requirements8.1 The material shall conform to the room te
49、mperature mechanical requirements specified in Table 2.8.2 Instead of tension tests, hardness requirements, in accordance with Table 2, may be specified by the purchaser for the ferriticand the martensitic steels.8.3 The martensitic grades shall be capable of meeting the hardness requirements, after heat treating, as specified in Table 3.9. Magnetic Permeability9.1 When required by the purchase order, t
