1、Designation: A691/A691M 09 (Reapproved 2014)A691/A691M 18Standard Specification forCarbon and Alloy Steel Pipe, Electric-Fusion-Welded forHigh-Pressure Service at High Temperatures1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A691/A691M; the number immediately following the designation indica
2、tes the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope Scope*1.1 This specification2 covers carbon and
3、 alloy steel pipe, electric-fusion-welded with filler metal added, fabricated frompressure-vessel-quality plate of several analyses and strength levels and suitable for high-pressure service at high temperatures.Heat treatment may or may not be required to attain the desired mechanical properties or
4、 to comply with applicable coderequirements. Supplementary requirements are provided for use when additional testing or examination is desired.1.2 The specification nominally covers pipe 16 in. 400 mm in outside diameter and larger with wall thicknesses up to 3 in.75 mm inclusive. Pipe having other
5、dimensions may be furnished provided it complies with all other requirements of thisspecification.1.3 Several grades and classes of pipe are provided.1.3.1 Grade designates the type of plate used as listed in Table 1.1.3.2 Class designates the type of heat treatment performed in the manufacture of t
6、he pipe, whether the weld is radiographicallyexamined, and whether the pipe has been pressure tested as listed in 1.3.3.1.3.3 Class designations are as follows (Note 1):Class Heat Treatment on PipeRadiography,see SectionPressure Test,see Section10 none none none11 none 9 none12 none 9 8.313 none non
7、e 8.320 stress relieved, see 5.3.1 none none21 stress relieved, see 5.3.1 9 none22 stress relieved, see 5.3.1 9 8.323 stress relieved, see 5.3.1 none 8.330 normalized, see 5.3.2 none none31 normalized, see 5.3.2 9 none32 normalized, see 5.3.2 9 8.333 normalized, see 5.3.2 none 8.340 normalized and t
8、empered, see 5.3.3 none none41 normalized and tempered, see 5.3.3 9 none42 normalized and tempered, see 5.3.3 9 8.343 normalized and tempered, see 5.3.3 none 8.350 quenched and tempered, see 5.3.4 none none51 quenched and tempered, see 5.3.4 9 none52 quenched and tempered, see 5.3.4 9 8.353 quenched
9、 and tempered, see 5.3.4 none 8.3NOTE 1Selection of materials should be made with attention to temperature of service. For such guidance, Specification A20/A20M may beconsulted.1.4 Optional requirements of a supplementary nature are provided, calling for additional tests and control of repair weldin
10、g,when desired.1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI unitsare shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used1 This specification is under
11、the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.09on Carbon Steel Tubular Products.Current edition approved March 1, 2014March 1, 2018. Published April 2014March 2018. Originally approved in 1974. Last previous ed
12、ition approved in 20092014 asA691/A691M 09 (2014).1 DOI: 10.1520/A0691_A0691M-09R14.10.1520/A0691_A0691M-18.2 For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specification SA-691 in Section II of that Code.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the u
13、ser of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard
14、as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1independently of the other. Combining values from the two
15、systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Theinch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified in the order.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in
16、the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3A20/A20M Specification for General Requirements for Steel Plates for Pres
17、sure VesselsA204/A204M Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, MolybdenumA299/A299M Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, Manganese-SiliconA370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel ProductsA387/A387M Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, A
18、lloy Steel, Chromium-MolybdenumA435/A435M Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic Examination of Steel PlatesA530/A530M Specification for General Requirements for Specialized Carbon and Alloy Steel PipeA537/A537M Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Heat-Treated, Carbon-Manganese-Silicon Ste
19、elE165E165/E165M Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination for General IndustryE709 Guide for Magnetic Particle Testing2.2 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code:4Section IISection IIISection VIIISection IX3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 A lot shall consist of 20
20、0 ft 60 m or fraction thereof of pipe from the same heat of steel.3.1.1.1 The description of a lot may be further restricted by use of Supplementary Requirement S12.4. Ordering Information4.1 The inquiry and order for material under this specification should include the following information:4.1.1 Q
21、uantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),4.1.2 Name of the material (steel pipe, electric-fusion-welded),4.1.3 Plate Specification number, including Grade and Type if applicable,3 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.or
22、g. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.4 Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.TABLE 1 Plate Materia
23、lsPipe Grade Type of Steel ASTM Specification HB, maxANumber GradeCM-65 carbon-molybdenum steel A204/A204M A 201CM-70 carbon-molybdenum steel A204/A204M B 201CM-75 carbon-molybdenum steel A204/A204M C 201CMSH-70 carbon-manganese-silicon steel, normalized A537/A537M 1CMS-75 carbon-manganese-silicon s
24、teel A299/A299M . . . . . .CMSH-80 carbon-manganese-silicon steel, quenched and tempered A537/A537M 212 CR 12 % chromium, 12 % molybdenum steel A387/A387M 2 20112 CR 12 % chromium, 12 % molybdenum steel A387/A387M 2 2011CR 1 % chromium, 12 % molybdenum steel A387/A387M 12 201114 CR 114 % chromium, 1
25、2 % molybdenum steel A387/A387M 11 201114 CR 114 % chromium, 12 % molybdenum steel A387/A387M 11 201214 CR 214 % chromium, 1 % molybdenum steel A387/A387M 22 201214 CR 214 % chromium, 1 % molybdenum steel A387/A387M 22 2013CR 3 % chromium, 1 % molybdenum steel A387/A387M 21 2015CR 5 % chromium, 12 %
26、 molybdenum steel A387/A387M 5 2259CR 9 % chromium, 1 % molybdenum steel A387/A387M 9 24191 9 % chromium, 1 % molybdenum, vanadium, columbium A387/A387M 91B 241A Hardness values listed are applicable to S3.BGrade 91 shall be designated by Type 1 or Type 2 when required by the prevalent specification
27、.A691/A691M 1824.1.4 Pipe Grade and class designations (see 1.3),4.1.5 Size (inside or outside diameter, nominal or minimum wall thickness),4.1.6 Length (specific or random),4.1.7 End finish,4.1.8 Purchase options, if any (see 5.2.3, 11.3, 11.4, 13.1), and4.1.9 Supplementary requirements, if any (re
28、fer to S1 through S12).5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 MaterialsThe steel plate material shall conform to the requirements of the applicable plate specification for the pipe gradeordered as listed in Table 1.5.2 Welding:5.2.1 The joints shall be double-welded full-penetration welds made in accordanc
29、e with procedures and by welders or weldingoperators qualified in accordance with the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX.5.2.2 The welds shall be made either manually or automatically by an electric process involving the deposition of filler metal.5.2.3 The welded joints shall have pos
30、itive reinforcement at the center of each side of the weld, but no more than 18 in. 3 mm.This reinforcement may be removed at the manufacturers option or by agreement between the manufacturer and purchaser. Thecontour of the reinforcement shall be smooth, and the deposited metal shall be fused smoot
31、hly and uniformly into the plate surface.5.2.4 When radiographic examination in accordance with 9.1 is to be used, the weld reinforcement shall be governed by themore restrictive provisions of UW-51 of Section VIII of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code instead of 5.2.3 of thisspecification.5.3
32、 Heat TreatmentAll classes other than 10, 11, 12, and 13 shall be heat treated in a furnace controlled to 6 25 F 15 Cand equipped with a recording pyrometer so that heating records are available. Heat treating after forming and welding shall beto one of the following:5.3.1 Classes 20, 21, 22, and 23
33、 pipe shall be uniformly heated within the post-weld heat-treatment temperature range indicatedin Table 2 for a minimum of 1 h/in. 0.4 hr/cm of thickness or for 1 h, whichever is greater.5.3.2 Classes 30, 31, 32, and 33 pipe shall be uniformly heated to a temperature in the austenitizing range and n
34、ot exceedingthe maximum normalizing temperature indicated in Table 2 and subsequently cooled in air at room temperature.5.3.3 Classes 40, 41, 42, and 43 pipe shall be normalized in accordance with 5.3.2.After normalizing, the pipe shall be reheatedto the tempering temperature indicated in Table 2 as
35、 a minimum and held at temperature for a minimum of 12 hin. 0.2 hr/cmof thickness or for 12 h, whichever is greater, and air cooled.5.3.4 Classes 50, 51, 52, and 53 pipe shall be uniformly heated to a temperature in the austenitizing range, and not exceedingthe maximum quenching temperature indicate
36、d in Table 2 and subsequently quenched in water or oil. After quenching, the pipeshall be reheated to the tempering temperature indicated in Table 2 as a minimum and held at that temperature for a minimum of12 h/in. 0.2 hr/cm of thickness or for 12 h, whichever is greater, and air cooled.5.4 Grade 9
37、1 shall be produced only to classes 4X and 5X. In addition, post-weld heat treatment is required after weld repair.TABLE 2 Heat Treatment ParametersAPipe Grade ASTMSpecificationPost-Weld Heat-TreatTemperature Range (StressRelieving), F (C)NormalizingTemperature,max unlessotherwise noted,F (C)Quenchi
38、ngTemperature,max unlessotherwise noted,F (C)Tempering Temperature,min, F (C)CM-65 A204/A204M 1100 to 1200 590 to 650 1700 925 . . . . . .CM-70 A204/A204M 1100 to 1200 590 to 650 1700 925 . . . . . .CM-75 A204/A204M 1100 to 1200 590 to 650 1700 925 . . . . . .CMSH-70 A537/A537M 1100 to 1200 590 to 6
39、50 1700 925 . . . . . .CMS-75 A299/A299M 1100 to 1200 590 to 650 1700 925 . . . . . .CMSH-80 A537/A537M 1100 to 1200 590 to 650 B 1700 925 1100 to 1250 590 to 67512 CR A387/A387M 1100 to 1300 590 to 705 1850 1010 1700 925 1150 to 1375 620 to 7451CR A387/A387M 1100 to 1350 590 to 730 1850 1010 1700 9
40、25 1150 to 1375 620 to 745114 CR A387/A387M 1100 to 1375 590 to 745 1850 1010 1700 925 1150 to 1375 620 to 745214 CR A387/A387M 1200 to 1400 650 to 760 1850 1010 1700 925 1250 to 1400 675 to 7603CR A387/A387M 1200 to 1400 650 to 760 1850 1010 1700 925 1250 to 1400 675 to 7605CR A387/A387M 1200 to 14
41、00 650 to 760 1850 1010 1650 900 1300 to 1400 705 to 7609CR A387/A387M 1325 to 1375 715 to 745 C . . . 1325 to 1375 715 to 74591 A387/A387M 1350 to 1420 730 to 770 1900 to 20001040 to 10951900 min1040 min1350 to 1440 730 to 780AWhere ellipses (.) appear in the table, there is no requirement.B Requir
42、es quenching and tempering.C 9 CR 9CR steel is an air-hardenable steel, at times retaining austenite down to near atmospheric temperature. Good practice is to allow the steel to cool to 150F150 For lower before subjecting the steel to a tempering treatment or post-weld heat treatment.A691/A691M 1836
43、. General Requirements6.1 Material furnished to this specification shall conform to the applicable requirements of the current edition of SpecificationA530/A530M, unless otherwise provided herein.7. Chemical Requirements7.1 Product Analysis of PlateThe pipe manufacturer shall make an analysis of eac
44、h mill heat of plate material. The productanalysis so determined shall meet the requirements of the plate specification to which the material was ordered.7.2 Product Analysis of WeldThe pipe manufacturer shall make an analysis of finished deposited weld metal from each 200ft 60 m or fraction thereof
45、. Analysis shall conform to the welding procedure for deposited weld metal.7.3 Analysis may be taken from the mechanical test specimens. The results of the analyses shall be reported to the purchaser.7.4 If the analysis of one of these tests specified in 7.1 or 7.2 does not conform to the requiremen
46、ts specified, analyses shallbe made on additional pipes of double the original number from the same lot, each of which shall conform to the requirementsspecified. Nonconforming pipe shall be rejected.8. Mechanical Requirements8.1 Tension Test:8.1.1 RequirementsTransverse tensile properties of the we
47、lded joint shall meet the minimum requirements for ultimate tensilestrength of the specified plate material.8.1.2 Number of TestsOne test specimen shall be made to represent each lot of finished pipe.8.1.3 Test Specimen Location and OrientationThe test specimen shall be made transverse to the weld a
48、t the end of the finishedpipe and may be flattened cold before final machining to size.8.1.4 Test MethodThe test specimen shall be made in accordance with QW-150 in Section IX of the ASME Boiler andPressure Vessel Code. The test specimen shall be tested at room temperature in accordance with Test Me
49、thods and DefinitionsA370.8.2 Transverse-Guided-Weld-Bend Tests:8.2.1 RequirementsThe bend test shall be acceptable if no cracks or other defects exceeding 18 in. 3 mm in any directionbe present in the weld metal or between the weld and the pipe metal after bending. Cracks that originate along the edges of thespecimens during testing, and that are less than 14 in. 6 mm in any direction shall not be considered.8.2.2 Numb
