1、Designation: B 135M 08aStandard Specification forSeamless Brass Tube Metric1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 135M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parenthe
2、ses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers seamless round and rectangu-lar including square copper alloy tube in straight lengths. Tenalloys are specified having the fol
3、lowing nominal composi-tions:Copper Nominal Composition, %Alloy PreviouslyUNS UsedNo. DesignationACopper Zinc Lead TinC22000 7 90.0 10.0 . .C23000 1 85.0 15.0 . .C26000 2 70.0 30.0 . .C27000 9 65.0 35.0 . .C27200 8 63.0 37.0 . .C27400 . 62.5 37.5 . .C28000 5 60.0 40.0 . .C33000 3 66.0 33.5 0.5 .C332
4、00 4 66.0 32.4 1.6 .C37000 6 60.0 39.0 1.0 .C44300 . 71 27.5 . 1.00_AAlloy Designations of ASTM Specification B 135 63 which was published inthe 1966 Book of ASTM Standards, Part 5.1.2 This specification is the SI companion to SpecificationB 135.1.3 WarningMercury has been designated by EPA andmany
5、state agencies as a hazardous material that can causecentral nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, orits vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive tomaterials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury andmercury-containing products. See the applicable product Ma-terial Safety
6、 Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPAs website(http:/www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm) for additional informa-tion. Users should be aware that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, in your state may be prohibited bystate law. (See 10.1.)2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B 153
7、 Test Method for Expansion (Pin Test) of Copper andCopper-Alloy Pipe and TubingB 154 Test Method for Mercurous Nitrate Test for CopperAlloysB 251M Specification for General Requirements forWrought Seamless Copper and Copper-Alloy Tube (Met-ric)B 601 Classification for Temper Designations for Coppera
8、nd Copper AlloysWrought and CastE 243 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Exami-nation of Copper and Copper-Alloy TubesE 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in theUnified Numbering System (UNS)3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 capable ofas used i
9、n this specification, the test neednot be performed by the producer of the material. However,should subsequent testing by the purchaser establish that thematerial does not meet these requirements the material shall besubject to rejection.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material under this spec
10、ification shall includethe following information:4.1.1 Alloy (Section 1),4.1.2 Temper (Section 7),4.1.3 Whether tension tests are required (for drawn tempersonly (see 8.1),4.1.4 Dimensions, the diameter or distance between parallelsurfaces and wall thickness (see 11.2 and 11.3),4.1.5 Length (see 12.
11、4),4.1.6 Mercurous nitrate test, if required (Section 10),4.1.7 Total length of each size,4.1.8 Hydrostatic pressure test, when specified, and4.1.9 Pneumatic test, when specified.5. General Requirements5.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con-form to the applicable requirements of t
12、he current edition ofSpecification B 251M.1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B05 on Copperand Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.04 on Pipeand Tube.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2008. Published November 2008. Originallyapproved in 1984.
13、Last previous edition approved in 2008 as B 135M 08.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summa
14、ry of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The material shall conform to the chemical requirementsspecified in Table 1.6.2 These specification l
15、imits do not preclude the presenceof other elements. Limits for unnamed elements are to beestablished by agreement between manufacturer or supplierand purchaser.6.2.1 For copper alloys in which zinc is specified as theremainder, either copper or zinc shall be taken as the differencebetween the sum o
16、f all the elements analyzed and 100 %.6.2.1.1 When all the elements in Table 1 are analyzed, theirsum shall be as shown in the following table.Copper Alloy UNS No.Copper Plus NamedElements, % minC22000 99.8C23000 99.8C26000 99.7C27000 99.7C27200 99.7C27400 99.7C28000 99.7C33000 99.6C33200 99.6C37000
17、 99.6C44300 99.67. Temper7.1 Drawn Tempers, HThe tempers of drawn tube shall bedesignated as light-drawn (H55), drawn (H58), and hard-drawn(H80) (see Table 2). Light-drawn (bending) temper is used onlywhen a tube of some stiffness but yet capable of being bent isneeded. Drawn temper is for general p
18、urposes and is mostcommonly used where there is no specific requirement for highstrength on the one hand or for bending qualities on the other.Hard-drawn temper is used only where there is need for a tubeas strong as is commercially feasible for the sizes indicated.For any combination of diameter an
19、d wall thickness notcovered under hard-drawn temper, the values given for drawntemper shall be used. Rectangular including square tubes shallnormally be supplied only in drawn (general purpose) temper.When there is a need for light-drawn or hard-drawn tempersthese are to be supplied as agreed upon b
20、etween the manufac-turer and the purchaser.7.2 Annealed Tempers, OThe tempers of annealed tubeshall be designated as light anneal (O50) and soft anneal (O60)(Table 3).NOTE 1Tube of Copper Alloy UNS No. C23000, when specified tomeet the requirements of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, shallh
21、ave in the annealed condition a minimum tensile strength of 275 MPaand a minimum yield strength of 80 MPa at 0.5 % extension under load,in which case the provisions for grain size and Rockwell hardness in 8.2do not apply.8. Mechanical Properties8.1 Drawn TemperTube shall conform to the mechanicalpro
22、perties prescribed in Table 2. Tension tests are required fortubes with a wall thickness under (0.508 mm) and for roundtubes having an inside diameter under 8.0 mm and forrectangular including square tubes having a major distancebetween inside parallel surfaces under 5.0 mm. The tension testfor othe
23、r sizes of tubes need not be made except whenindicated by the purchaser at the time of placing the order. Aconvenient method of indicating that the tension test is requiredis to specify that “Test procedure T is required” (see 4.1.3).When agreement on the Rockwell hardness tests cannot bereached, th
24、e tensile strength requirements of Table 2 shall bethe basis for acceptance or rejection.8.2 Annealed TemperTube shall conform to the grain sizeand Rockwell hardness limits prescribed in Table 3.9. Expansion Test for Round Tube9.1 Tube ordered in the annealed (O) condition, selected fortest, shall b
25、e capable of withstanding in accordance with TestMethod B 153 an expansion of the outside diameter by thefollowing amount:Outside Diameter, mmExpansion of OutsideDiameter, %19.0 and under 20Over 19.0 15The expanded tube shall show no cracking or rupture visibleto the unaided eye. Tube ordered in the
26、 drawn (H) condition isnot subject to this test.NOTE 2The term “unaided eye,” as used herein, permits the use ofcorrective spectacles necessary to obtain normal vision.9.2 As an alternative to the expansion test for tube over 102mm in diameter in the annealed condition, a section 102 mm inlength sha
27、ll be cut from the end of one of the lengths for aflattening test. This 102-mm test specimen shall be flattened sothat a gage set at three times the wall thickness will pass overthe tube freely throughout the flattened part. The tube so testedTABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsCopper Alloy UNS No.Composit
28、ion,%Copper Lead Arsenic Tin Iron, max ZincC22000 89.091.0 0.05 max . . 0.05 remainderC23000 84.086.0 0.05 max . . 0.05 remainderC26000 68.571.5 0.07 max . . 0.05 remainderC27000 63.068.5 0.09 max . . 0.07 remainderC27200 62.065.0 0.07 max . . 0.07 remainderC27400 61.064.0 0.09 max . . 0.05 remainde
29、rC28000 59.063.0 0.09 max . . 0.07 remainderC33000 65.068.0 0.25A0.7 . . 0.07 remainderC33200 65.068.0 1.52.5 . . 0.07 remainderC37000 59.062.0 0.91.4 . . 0.15 remainderC44300 70.073.0 0.07 max 0.020.06 0.91.2 0.06 remainderAIn the case of Copper Alloy UNS No. C33000 or tube sizes greater than 127 m
30、m in outside diameter, or distance between outside parallel surfaces, the lead contentshall be 0.7 % maximum, no minimum is specified.B 135M 08a2shall develop no cracks or flaws visible to the unaided eye(Note 2) as a result of this test. In making the flattening test, theelements shall be slowly fl
31、attened by one stroke of the press.9.3 Drawn temper tube shall not be required to withstandthese tests.10. Mercurous Nitrate Test10.1 WarningMercury is a definite health hazard. Useequipment for the detection and removal of mercury vapor.Wear rubber gloves when conductiong the test.10.2 When specifi
32、cally required, test specimens 152 mm inlength of both annealed and drawn tempers shall withstand,after proper cleaning, an immersion for 30 min withoutcracking in the standard mercurous nitrate solution prescribedin Test Method B 154. Immediately after removal from thesolution, the specimen shall b
33、e wiped free of excess mercuryand examined for cracks.11. Nondestructive Testing11.1 Unless nondestructive testing has been waived, tubesshall be subjected to a nondestructive test. The manufacturershall select the nondestructive test that is most suitable for thetube size and the application.11.1.1
34、 Eddy-current testing is the standard nondestructivetest, and all tubes of appropriate size shall be eddy-currenttested in accordance with 11.2.11.1.2 Tubes that are not of a size suitable for eddy-currenttest capabilities shall be tested by the hydrostatic test asdescribed in 11.3.1, or by the pneu
35、matic test as described in11.3.2.11.2 Eddy-Current TestEach tube up to 79 mm in outsidediameter shall be subjected to an eddy-current test. Testingshall follow the procedure of Practice E 243, except thedetermination of “end effect” is not required. Tubes shall bepassed through an eddy-current test
36、unit adjusted to provideinformation on the suitability of the tube for the intendedapplication.11.2.1 Notch-depth standards rounded to the nearest 0.03mm shall be 22 % of the nominal wall thickness. The notch-depth tolerance shall be 60.01 mm. Alternatively, if themanufacturer uses speed insensitive
37、 eddy-current units that areequipped so that a fraction of the maximum unbalance signal isable to be selected, the following percent maximum unbalancesignals shall be used.Maximum PercentUnbalance SignalStandard Tube Size, mm MagnitudeUp to and including 12 0.215 to 54 incl 0.3Over 54 to 79 incl 0.4
38、11.2.2 Tubes that do not actuate the signalling device of theeddy-current testers shall be considered as conforming to theTABLE 2 Mechanical Property Requirements of Drawn Temper TubeCopper Alloy UNS No.Temper DesignationA Outside Diameter, in.or Major DistanceBetween OutsideParallel Surfaces, mmWal
39、l Thickness, mmTensileStrength,MPaRockwellHardnessB30TStandard FormerC22000 H58 drawn (general purpose) all all 275 min 38 minC22000 H80 hard drawnCup to 25, incl 0.050 to 3.0, incl 360 min 55 minC22000 H80 hard drawnCover 25 to 40, incl 0.090 to 5.50, incl 360 min 55 minC22000 H80 hard drawnCover 5
40、0 to 100, incl 1.5 to 6.0, incl 360 min 55 minC23000 H55 light drawnCall all 305400 4375C23000 H58 drawn (general purpose) all all 305 min 43 minC23000 H80 hard drawnCup to 25, incl 0.050 to 3.0, incl 395 min 65 minC23000 H80 hard drawnCover 25 to 50, incl 0.090 to 5.0, incl 395 min 65 minC23000 H80
41、 hard drawnCover 50 to 100, incl 1.5 to 6.0, incl 395 min 65 minC26000, C27000, C27200,C27400, C33000,and C33200H58 drawn (general purpose) all all 370 min 53 minC26000, C27000, C27200,C27400, C33000,and C33200H80 hard drawnCup to 25, incl 0.050 to 3.0, incl 455 min 70 minC26000, C27000, C27200,C274
42、00, C33000,and C33200H80 hard drawnCover 25 to 50, incl 0.090 to 5.0, incl 455 min 70 minC26000, C27000, C27200,C27400, C33000,and C33200H80 hard drawnCover 50 to 100, incl 1.5 to 6.0, incl 455 min 70 minC28000 andC37000H58 drawn (general purpose) all all 370 min 55 minC44300 H58 drawn (general purp
43、ose) all all 370 min 53 minC44300 H80 hard drawnCall all 455 min 70 minAStandard designations defined in Classification B 601.BRockwell hardness values shall apply only to tubes having a wall thickness of 0.30 mm or over and to round tubes having an inside diameter of 8.0 mm or over andto rectangula
44、r including square tubes having an inside major distance between parallel surfaces of 5.0 mm or over. Rockwell hardness shall be made on the inside surfaceof the tube. When suitable equipment is not available for determining the specified Rockwell hardness, other Rockwell scales and values shall be
45、specified subject toagreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.CLight-drawn and hard-drawn tempers are available in round tube only.B 135M 08a3requirements of this test. If reexamined or retested, tubes withsignals that are found to have been caused by minor mechani-cal damage, soil, or mo
46、isture, shall not be cause for rejection ofthe tubes provided the tube dimensions are still within pre-scribed limits and the tube is suitable for its intended applica-tion.11.3 A pressure test shall be specified for tube sizes over 79mm in outside diameter or tube of dimensions beyond thecapabiliti
47、es of the eddy-current test apparatus or as an alterna-tive to the eddy-current test. The purchaser shall have theoption to specify either a hydrostatic test in 11.3.1 or thepneumatic test in 11.3.2. When, in the case in which subse-quent testing by the purchaser establishes that the material doesno
48、t meet these requirements, then the tubes shall be subject torejection.11.3.1 Hydrostatic TestWhen specified, the tube shallstand, without showing evidence of leakage, an internal hydro-static pressure sufficient to subject the material to a fiber stressof 48 MPa, determined by the following equatio
49、n for thinhollow cylinders under tension:P 5 2St/D 2 0.8t! (1)where:P = hydrostatic pressure, MPa;t = wall thickness of the material, mm;D = outside diameter of the material, mm; andS = allowable stress of the material.11.3.2 Pneumatic TestWhen specified, the tube shall besubjected to an internal air pressure of 400 kPa minimum for 5s without showing evidence of leakage. The test method usedshall provide for easy visual detection of any leakage, such asby immeresion of the tube under water or by the pressure-differential method. Any e
