1、Designation: B 2 08Standard Specification forMedium-Hard-Drawn Copper Wire1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 2; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses
2、indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers medium-hard-drawn roundcopper wire for electrical purposes (see Explanatory Note 1).1.2 The SI values of density and resistivity a
3、re to beregarded as standard. For all other properties the inch-poundvalues are to be regarded as standard, and the SI units may beapproximate.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standar
4、d to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on dateof material purchase form a part of this specification to theextent referenced herein:2.2 A
5、STM Standards:2B5 Specification for High Conductivity Tough-Pitch Cop-per Refinery ShapesB49 Specification for Copper Rod Drawing Stock forElectrical PurposesB 170 Specification for Oxygen-Free Electrolytic CopperRefinery ShapesB 193 Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical ConductorMaterialsB 258
6、Specification for Nominal Diameters and Cross-Sectional Areas of AWG Sizes of Solid Round Wires Usedas Electrical Conductors2.3 Other Documents:NBS Handbook 100 Copper Wire Tables of the NationalBureau of Standards33. Ordering Information3.1 Orders for material under this specification shouldinclude
7、 the following information:3.1.1 Quantity of each size;3.1.2 Wire size: diameter in inches (see 5.1 and Table 1);3.1.3 Type of copper, if special (see Section 4);3.1.4 Package size (see 11.1);3.1.5 Special package marking, if required; and3.1.6 Place of inspection (Section 10).4. Materials and Manuf
8、acture4.1 The material shall be copper of such quality and puritythat the finished product shall have the properties and charac-teristics prescribed in this specification.NOTE 1Specifications B 5, B 49, and B 170 define the materialssuitable for use.4.2 Copper bars of special qualities, forms, or ty
9、pes, as maybe agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser,and which will conform to the requirements prescribed in thisspecification, may also be used.5. Dimensions and Permissible Variations5.1 The wire sizes shall be expressed as the diameter of thewire in decimal fractions of an inch t
10、o the nearest 0.0001 in.(0.1 mil) or in millimetres to the nearest 0.001 mm (Explana-tory Note 2).5.2 Within the range of diameters included in Table 1 thewire shall not vary from the specified diameter by more than61 %, expressed to the nearest 0.0001 in. (0.1 mil) 0.001 mm.5.3 Ten percent, but not
11、 less than five coils or spools (or allif the lot is less than five) from any lot of wire shall be gagedat three places. If accessible, one gaging shall be taken neareach end and one near the middle. If any of the selected coilsor spools fails to conform to the requirements prescribed in 5.2,all coi
12、ls or spools shall be gaged in the manner specified.6. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance6.1 The wire shall be free from all imperfections notconsistent with the best commercial practice.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B01 onElectrical Conductors and is the direct re
13、sponsibility of Subcommittee B01.04 onConductors of Copper and Copper Alloys.Current edition approved April 1, 2008. Published April 2008. Originallyapproved in 1912. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as B200(2005)e1.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontac
14、t ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from National Technical Information Service (NTIS), 5285 PortRoyal Rd., Springfield, VA 22161, http:/www.ntis.gov.1Copyright AST
15、M International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.7. Tensile Properties7.1 The wire shall conform to the requirements as to tensileproperties prescribed in Table 1 (Explanatory Note 3 and Note4).7.2 Tests on a specimen containing a joint shall show
16、atleast 95 % of the minimum tensile strength given in Table 1.Elongation tests shall not be made on a specimen containing ajoint.7.3 For wire the nominal diameter of which is more than0.001 in. (1 mil) (0.025 mm) greater than a size listed in Table1, but which is less than that of the next larger si
17、ze, therequirements of the next larger size shall apply.7.4 Determine the elongation of the wire as the permanentincrease in length due to the breaking of the wire in tension,measured between gage marks placed originally 10 in. (254mm) apart upon the test specimen (Explanatory Note 4).7.5 If any par
18、t of the fracture takes place outside the gagemarks or in the jaws of the testing machine, or if an examina-tion of the specimen indicates a flaw, the value obtained maynot be representative of the material. In such cases the test maybe discarded and a new test made.7.6 RetestsIf, upon testing a sam
19、ple from any coil orspool of wire, the results do not conform to the requirementsprescribed in Table 1, two additional samples shall be testedand the average of the three tests shall determine the accep-tance or rejection of the coil or spool.8. Resistivity8.1 Electrical resistivity shall be determi
20、ned on representa-tive samples by resistance measurements (Explanatory Note 5and Note 6). At a temperature of 20C the resistivity shall notexceed the following values:Nominal Diameter, in. Resistivity at 20C,Vlb/mile2Vg/m20.460 to 0.325 (11.684 to 8.255 mm), incl 896.15 0.15695Under 0.325 to 0.0403
21、(8.255 to 1.024 mm), incl 905.44 0.158588.2 Tests to determine conformance to the electrical resis-tance requirements shall be made in accordance with TestMethod B 193.9. Joints9.1 No joints shall be made in the completed wire (Explana-tory Note 7). Joints in wire and rods, prior to final drawing,sh
22、all be made in accordance with the best commercial practiceand shall conform to the requirements prescribed in 7.2.10. Inspection10.1 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchaseorder, the manufacturer shall be responsible for the perfor-mance of all inspection and test requirements specif
23、ied (Ex-planatory Note 8).10.2 All inspections and tests shall be made at the place ofmanufacture unless otherwise especially agreed to between themanufacturer and the purchaser at the time of the purchase.10.3 The manufacturer shall afford the inspector represent-ing the purchaser all reasonable ma
24、nufacturers facilities tosatisfy that the material is being furnished in accordance withthis specification.10.4 Unless otherwise agreed upon between the purchaserand the manufacturer, conformance of the wire to the variousrequirements listed in this specification shall be determined onsamples taken
25、from each lot of wire presented for acceptance.10.5 The manufacturer shall, if requested prior to inspec-tion, certify that all wire in the lot was made under suchconditions that the product as a whole conforms to therequirements of this specification as determined by regularlymade and recorded test
26、s.10.6 Inspection and Testing Terms:10.6.1 LotAlot is any amount of wire of one type and sizepresented for acceptance at one time; such amount, however,not to exceed 100 000 lb or 45 000 kg (Explanatory Note 9).TABLE 1 Tensile RequirementsDiameter Area at 20C Tensile Strength Elongation, min,%in 10-
27、in.(250 mm)in. mm cmil in.2mm2psi MPaMin Max Min Max0.4600 11.684 211 600 0.1662 107.0 42 000 49 000 290 340 3.80.4096 10.404 167 800 0.1318 85.0 43 000 50 000 295 345 3.60.3648 9.266 133 100 0.1045 67.4 44 000 51 000 305 350 3.20.3249 8.252 105 600 0.08291 53.5 45 000 52 000 310 360 3.00.2893 7.348
28、 83 690 0.06573 42.4 46 000 53 000 315 365 2.80.2576 6.543 66 360 0.05212 33.6 47 000 54 000 325 370 2.50.2294 5.827 52 620 0.04133 26.7 48 000 55 000 330 380 2.20.2043 5.189 41 740 0.03278 21.2 48 330 55 330 335 380 1.90.1819 4.620 33 090 0.02599 16.8 48 660 55 660 335 385 1.70.1620 4.115 26 240 0.
29、02061 13.3 49 000 56 000 340 385 1.50.1443 3.665 20 820 0.01635 10.5 49 330 56 330 340 390 1.40.1285 3.264 16 510 0.01297 8.37 49 660 56 660 340 390 1.30.1144 2.906 13 090 0.01028 6.63 50 000 57 000 345 395 1.30.1019 2.588 10 380 0.00816 5.26 50 330 57 330 345 395 1.20.0907 2.304 8 230 0.00646 4.17
30、50 660 57 600 350 400 1.20.0808 2.052 6 530 0.00513 3.31 51 000 58 000 350 400 1.10.0720 1.829 5 180 0.00407 2.63 51 330 58 330 355 400 1.10.0641 1.628 4 110 0.00323 2.08 51 660 58 660 355 405 1.00.0571 1.450 3 260 0.00256 1.65 52 000 59 000 360 405 1.00.0508 1.290 2 580 0.00203 1.31 52 330 59 330 3
31、60 410 1.00.0453 1.151 2 050 0.00161 1.04 52 660 59 660 365 410 1.00.0403 1.024 1 620 0.00128 0.823 53 000 60 000 365 415 1.0B208210.6.2 SampleA sample is a quantity of production units(coils, reels, and so forth) selected at random from the lot forthe purpose of determining conformance of the lot t
32、o therequirements of this specification.10.6.3 SpecimenA specimen is a length of wire removedfor test purposes from any individual production unit of thesample.10.7 Sample SizeThe number of production units in asample (Explanatory Note 8) shall be as follows:10.7.1 For tension, elongation, and resis
33、tivity determina-tions, the sample shall consist of four production units. Fromeach unit, one test specimen of sufficient length shall beremoved for the performance of the required tests.10.7.2 For dimensional measurements, the sample shallconsist of a quantity of production units shown in Table 2un
34、der the heading “First Sample.”10.7.3 For surface-finish inspection and for packaging in-spection (when specified by the purchaser at the time of placingthe order) the sample shall consist of a quantity of productionunits shown in Table 3.11. Packaging and Shipping11.1 Package sizes shall be agreed
35、upon between the manu-facturer and the purchaser in the placing of individual orders.11.2 The wire shall be protected against damage in ordinaryhandling and shipping.12. Keywords12.1 copper wire; medium-hard copper wire; round copperelectrical wire; round copper wireEXPLANATORY NOTESNOTE 1Medium-har
36、d drawn wire approaches hard-drawn wire in itscharacteristics, but from the very nature of the product, exact uniformityin tensile strength cannot be obtained. Hence it has been necessary toestablish a range of tensile strengths within which standard medium-hard-drawn wire may be expected to be foun
37、d.NOTE 2The values of the wire diameters in Table 1 are given to thenearest 0.0001 in. (0.001 mm) and correspond to the standard sizes givenin Specification B 258. The use of gage numbers to specify wire sizes isnot recognized in this specification because of the possibility of confusion.An excellen
38、t discussion of wire gages and related subjects is contained inNBS Handbook 100.NOTE 3Other tests than those provided in this specification have beenconsidered at various times, such as twist tests, wrap tests, tests for elasticlimit, etc. It is the opinion of the committee that twist and wrap tests
39、 onmedium-hard-drawn wire do not serve a useful purpose and should beregarded as undesirable, as well as inconclusive as to results andsignificance. Tests for values of elastic limit are likewise indefinite as toresults. Tests to determine elastic properties of medium-hard-drawn wirefrom which wire
40、stringing and sagging data may be compiled areconsidered to be outside the scope of the acceptance tests contemplated inthis specification.NOTE 4It is known that the rate of loading during tension testing ofcopper affects the performance of the sample to a greater or lesser extent,depending upon man
41、y factors. In general, tested values of tensile strengthare increased and tested values of elongation are reduced with increase ofspeed of the moving head of the testing machine. These effects arepronounced when the speed of the moving head is excessive in the testingof medium-hard-drawn wires. It i
42、s suggested that tests be made at speedsof moving head that, under no-load conditions, are not greater than 3 in.(75 mm)/min, but in no case at a speed greater than that at which correctreadings can be made.NOTE 5“Resistivity” is used in place of “percentage conductivity.”The value of 0.15328 V g/m2
43、at 20C is the international standard for theresistivity of annealed copper equal to 100 % conductivity. This termmeans that a wire1minlength and weighing 1 g would have a resistanceof 0.15328 V. This is equivalent to a resistivity value of 875.20Vlb/mile2, which signifies the resistance of a wire 1
44、mile in lengthweighing 1 lb. It is also equivalent, for example, to 1.7241 V/cm oflength of a bar 1 cm2in cross section. A complete discussion of thissubject is contained in NBS Handbook 100. Relationships that may beuseful in connection with the values of resistivity prescribed in thisspecification
45、 are as in Table 4, each column containing equivalentexpressions, at 20C.NOTE 6The value of density of copper is in accordance with theInternational Annealed Copper Standard. The corresponding value at 0Cis 8.90 g/cm3(0.32150 lb/in.3). As pointed out in the discussion of thissubject in NBS Handbook
46、100, there is no appreciable difference in valuesof density of medium-hard-drawn and annealed copper wire.TABLE 2 Sampling for Dimensional MeasurementsNumber of Unitsin LotFirst Sample Second SampleNumber of Units inSample, n1Allowable Number ofDefects in First Sample, c1Number of Units inSample, n2
47、n1plus n2Allowable Number of Defects in Both Samples, c21 to 14, incl all 0 . . .15 to 50, incl 14 0 . . .51 to 100, incl 19 0 23 42 1101 to 200, incl 24 0 46 70 2201 to 400, incl 29 0 76 105 3401 to 800, incl 33 0 112 145 4Over 800 34 0 116 150 4TABLE 3 Sampling for Surface Finish and Packaging Ins
48、pectionNumber of Units in Lot Number of Units inSample, nAllowable Number ofDefective Units, c1 to 30, incl all 031 to 50, incl 30 051 to 100, incl 37 0101 to 200, incl 40 0201 to 300, incl 70 1301 to 500, incl 100 2501 to 800, incl 130 3Over 800 155 4B2083NOTE 7Mechanical joints made during inspect
49、ion at the request of thepurchaser are permissible if agreed upon at the time of placing the order.NOTE 8Cumulative results secured on the product of a single manu-facturer, indicating continued conformance to the criteria, are necessary toensure an overall product meeting the requirements of this specification.The sample sizes and conformance criteria given for the various charac-teristics are applicable only to lots produced under these conditions.NOTE 9Alot should comprise material taken from a product regularlymeeting the requirements of this specifica
