1、Designation: B 349/B 349M 09Standard Specification forZirconium Sponge and Other Forms of Virgin Metal forNuclear Application1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 349/B 349M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of r
2、evision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers one grade of virgin zirconiummetal commonly designated as sponge becaus
3、e of its porous,sponge-like texture, but it may also take other forms such aschunklets, suitable for use in nuclear applications.1.2 Unless a single unit is used, for example corrosion massgain in mg/dm2, the values stated in either inch-pound or SIunits are to be regarded separately as standard. Th
4、e valuesstated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore eachsystem must be used independently of the other. SI valuescannot be mixed with inch-pound values.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of
5、the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with Specifications3. Term
6、inology3.1 Forms:3.1.1 chunklets, nzirconium metal produced from thereduction of the chloride, usually by sodium.3.1.1.1 DiscussionIn this process, the reduced metal ismelted and dripped onto a rotating disk to form chunklets.3.1.2 sponge, nzirconium metal produced from the reduc-tion of the chlorid
7、e, usually by magnesium.3.1.2.1 DiscussionThe process is one where the metalcondenses to the solid state and does not melt.3.2 Lot Definitiona lot shall consist of a single blendproduced at one time.4. Classification4.1 Primary zirconium is furnished in one grade designatedas Reactor Grade R60001, s
8、uitable for nuclear applications.The main characteristic of the reactor grade is its low neutroncapture cross section as achieved by removal of hafnium. Themanufacturer must use procedures to prevent contaminationwith other high cross-section materials.5. Ordering Information5.1 Purchase orders for
9、material under this specificationshall include the following information, as required, to describeadequately the desired material:5.1.1 Quantity (weight),5.1.2 Name of material (zirconium sponge or chunklets),5.1.3 Grade designation (see 4.1),5.1.4 ASTM designation and year of issue.5.2 In addition
10、to the data specified in 5.1, the followingoptions and points of agreement between the manufacturer andthe purchaser shall be specified in the purchase order, asrequired.5.2.1 Sampling and duplicate samples (see 8.1 and 8.2).5.2.2 Certification reports (Section 14), and5.2.3 Packaging (Section 16).N
11、OTE 1Atypical ordering description is as follows: 5000 lb (2000 kg)reactor grade zirconium, Grade R60001, ASTM Specification B 349/B 349M - 09.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Zirconium metal is usually prepared by reduction ofzirconium tetrachloride, and gets its physical characteristicsfrom the pro
12、cesses involved in production. These characteris-tics may be expected to vary greatly with manufacturingmethods. This specification, however, is not limited to materialprepared by reduction of tetrachloride or to material of anyspecific physical form.6.2 Only virgin zirconium metal, in identified, u
13、niform,well-mixed blends, shall be supplied under this specification.7. Chemical Composition7.1 The zirconium metal supplied under this specificationshall conform to the requirements for chemical compositionprescribed in Table 1.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 onR
14、eactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee B10.02 on Zirconium and Hafnium.Current edition approved April 15, 2009. Published June 2009. Originallyapproved in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as B 349/B 349M 03.2For referenced ASTM standards,
15、 visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 194
16、28-2959, United States.8. Sampling8.1 A blend of sponge shall be sampled by running a fullquantity through a proportioner or splitter to obtain a repre-sentative sample of at least 1 % of the blend weight. Thesamples for chemical analyses shall be made on a compactedbriquette and an evaluation ingot
17、. The method for splitting thissample and preparing an evaluation ingot and compactedbriquette shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer andthe purchaser.8.1.1 The evaluation ingot shall be greater than 30 lb (14kg).8.1.2 The compacted briquette shall be at least 1 lb (0.5 kg).8.2 When specified
18、 in the purchase order, a duplicatesample or portions of the briquette and evaluation ingot shallbe supplied to the purchaser.8.3 For metal forms other than sponge, such as chunklets,the sampling procedures shall be as agreed upon betweenpurchaser and manufacturer.9. Methods of Chemical Analysis9.1
19、Preparation of Sample:9.1.1 Compact the sponge sample taken in accordance withSection 8 into a consumable electrode and melt to ingot formin an arc furnace of a type conventionally used for reactivemetals. The ingot shall be prepared for analysis by either of thefollowing two methods:9.1.1.1 Take a
20、longitudinal section through the center of theingot. Sample this section and analyze by appropriate means ata minimum of three places at approximately equal intervalsdiagonally from the top to the bottom of the section.9.1.1.2 Samples for chemical tests shall be taken from solidmetal below the surfa
21、ce porosity of the as-cast ingot. Thesamples shall be taken from a minimum of three places equallyspaced along the axial length of the ingot.9.2 Analytical samples for the determination of chlorine,magnesium or sodium must be taken from the sponge, sincethese elements are volatilized in melting. Obt
22、ain this sample bydrilling a compacted sample of the sponge or chunklets.Sample the briquette by drilling, without water or otherlubricant, a minimum of three holes, each38 in. (9.5 mm) orlarger in diameter, at equal intervals on a circle, concentric withthe rounded surface of the briquette. Reject
23、chips until theflutes of the drill are14 in. (6 mm) below the surface of thebriquette. Take the sample chips from this point until the pointof the drill is within14 in. (6 mm) of the opposite surface of thebriquettes. Crush chips taken in this manner to pass a No. 4(4760-m) sieve and thoroughly mix.
24、9.3 Analyze one of the samples taken in accordance with9.1.1 for its uranium content. Analyze all samples taken inaccordance with 9.1.1 for all elements listed in Table 1 exceptfor chlorine, magnesium, sodium, and uranium.9.4 AnalysisAnalysis shall be made using the manufac-turers standard methods.
25、In the event of disagreement as to thechemical composition of the metal, chemical analysis forreferee purposes shall be determined by a mutually acceptablelaboratory. The average of the analyses for each impurity shallconform to the requirements of this specification, with noindividual value greater
26、 than 30 % above the maximum speci-fied limit for that impurity. Practice E29 shall be used toestablish significant digits.10. Particle Size10.1 Zirconium sponge supplied under this specificationshall pass a 1 in. (25 mm) screen and shall contain less than2 % minus 20 mesh particles.11. Retest11.1 I
27、f any sample or specimen exhibits obvious contami-nation, or improper preparation, or flaws which disqualify it asa representative sample, the sample shall be discarded and anew sample or specimen substituted.12. Rejection12.1 Rejection for failure of the material to meet therequirements of this spe
28、cification shall be reported to themanufacturer within 60 calendar days from the receipt of thematerial by the purchaser. Unless otherwise specified, rejectedmaterial may be returned to the manufacturer at the manufac-turers expense, unless the purchaser receives, within threeweeks of the notice of
29、rejection, other instructions for dispo-sition.13. Referee13.1 In the event of disagreement between the manufacturerand the purchaser on the conformance of the material to therequirements of this specification or any special test specifiedby the purchaser, a mutually acceptable referee shall perform
30、the tests in question. The results of the referees testing shall beused in determining conformance of the material to thisspecification.14. Certification14.1 A producers or suppliers certification shall be fur-nished to the purchaser that the material was manufactured,sampled, tested, and inspected
31、in accordance with this speci-fication and has been found to meet the requirements. A reportof the test results shall be furnished.TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements of Zirconium Sponge,Reactor Grade R60001Element PermissibleImpurities,max,ppmAluminum 75Boron 0.5Cadmium 0.5Carbon 250Chlorine 1300Chromium
32、 200Cobalt 20Copper 30Hafnium 100Iron 1500Manganese 50Molybdenum 50Nickel 70Nitrogen 50Oxygen 1400Silicon 120Titanium 50Tungsten 50Uranium (total) 3.0Note 2 Magnesium or Sodium need to be tested only when they are used inthe reduction step.B 349/B 349M 09215. Product Marking15.1 The containers shall
33、 be legibly and permanentlymarked with the following information:15.1.1 Purchase order number,15.1.2 Name of material,15.1.3 Particle size range,15.1.4 Net weight,15.1.5 ASTM designation, and15.1.6 Date packed.16. Packaging and Package Marking16.1 The method of packaging shall be as agreed upon byth
34、e manufacturer and the purchaser. Packaging shall be such asto assure safe delivery when shipped by any common carrier.The size and nature of the containers used are generallydetermined by the time and length of storage and the amount ofhandling involved. Where fire hazards or sponge deteriorationdu
35、ring prolonged storage are primary considerations, zirco-nium sponge should be packed in airtight, moisture-proof,sealed metal cans or drums which have been backfilled withargon.17. Keywords17.1 nuclear; virgin zirconium metal; zirconium chunklets;zirconium spongeASTM International takes no position
36、 respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.T
37、his standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM In
38、ternational Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address show
39、n below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).B 349/B 349M 093
