1、Designation: B 521 98 (Reapproved 2004)Standard Specification forTantalum and Tantalum Alloy Seamless and Welded Tubes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 521; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the y
2、ear of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers tantalum and tantalum alloyseamless and welded tubes of the following grades:1.1.1 U
3、NS Grade R05400Unalloyed tantalum, powder-metallurgy consolidation,1.1.2 UNS Grade R05200Unalloyed tantalum, vacuummelted,1.1.3 UNS Grade R05252Tantalum + 2.5 % tungsten al-loy, vacuum melted.1.1.4 UNS Grade R05255Tantalum + 10 % tungsten al-loy, vacuum melted.1.1.5 UNS Grade R05240Tantalum alloy, 6
4、0 % tantalum,40 % columbium, electron-beam furnace or vacuum arc melt,or both.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values given in parentheses are forinformation only.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in
5、Test Data toDetermine Conformance with Specifications3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 lotall material produced from the same ingot orsingle powder blend, of the same size and last annealed in thesame furnace charge.3.1.2 process lengththe one-piece length of eac
6、h tube thatresults from the production operation that first yields thetubular form. Sampling and testing should in general be basedon process lengths unless specifically stated otherwise.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall includethe following information:4.
7、1.1 Quantity,4.1.2 UNS grade,4.1.3 Type (welded or seamless),4.1.4 Dimensions,4.1.5 Nondestructive test requirements, if any, and4.1.6 Additions to the specification and supplementary re-quirements, if any.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Seamless tube shall be made by any seamless methodthat will yi
8、eld a product meeting the requirements of thisspecification.5.2 Welded tube shall be made from flat-rolled product byan automatic or semiautomatic fusion welding process with noaddition of filler metal.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The material shall conform to the requirements ofchemical composition p
9、rescribed in Table 1.6.1.1 Analysis for elements not listed in Table 1 and notnormally expected in tantalum shall not be required unlessspecified at time of purchase.6.2 The manufacturers ingot analysis shall be consideredthe chemical analysis for products supplied under this specifi-cation.6.3 When
10、 requested by the purchaser at the time of purchasethe manufacturer shall report the values of the interstitialelements carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen as specifiedin Table 2 for each lot of finished product.7. Mechanical Properties7.1 TensileThe tensile properties of the finished tubemateria
11、l shall conform to the requirements of Table 3.7.2 FlareA section of the finished tube shall be capable ofbeing flared without cracking visibly to the unaided eye. Theflare shall be made with a tool having a 60 included angle untilthe outside diameter has been increased 20 %.7.3 Reverse FlatteningA
12、section of welded tube that is slitlongitudinally 90 either side of the weld shall be opened andflattened with the weld at the point of maximum bend. Nocracking is permitted.7.4 One set of these mechanical tests shall be made on eachlot of tubes and for each fifty process length tubes of each lotor
13、fraction thereof.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 onReactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee B10.03 on Niobium and Tantalum.Current edition approved May 1, 2004. Published May 2004. Originallyapproved in 1970. Last p
14、revious edition approved in 1998 as B 521 98.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM
15、International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.8. Nondestructive Test Requirements8.1 Hydrostatic TestIf specified in the purchase order,each tube so tested shall withstand without showing bulges,leaks, or other defects, an internal hydrostatic pre
16、ssure that willproduce in the tube wall a stress of 75 % of the minimumspecified yield strength at room temperature. This pressureshall be determined by the equation:P 5 2 St/D (1)where:P = minimum hydrostatic pressure, psi (or MPa),S = allowable fiber stress of 75 % of the minimum yieldstrength, ps
17、i (or MPa),t = average wall thickness of the tube, in. (or mm), andD = outside diameter of the tube in. (or mm).Maintain the test pressure for a minimum of 10 s.8.2 Pneumatic TestIf specified in the purchase order, eachtube so tested shall withstand an internal air pressure of 100 psi(0.7 MPa), mini
18、mum for 5 s, minimum without showingevidence of leakage. The test method used shall permit easyvisual detection of any leakage such as by placing the tubeunder water or by using the pressure differential method. Anyevidence of the leakage shall be cause of rejection of that tube.8.3 Helium Leak Test
19、If specified in the purchase order,each tube shall be tested by evacuating to an internal pressureof 10 3 106torr (1.3 MPa) or less and tested for leakage byspraying helium along the length of the outside surface.Detection of a leak at a rate greater than 10 3 107standardcm3/s shall be cause of reje
20、ction of that tube.8.4 Ultrasonic TestIf specified on the purchase order,each length of tube shall be tested ultrasonically. The testprocedure and calibration standards shall be agreed uponbetween the manufacturer and purchaser. Any tube showing anindication in excess of that obtained from the calib
21、rationstandard shall be set aside and be subject to rework, retest, orrejection. A tube thus set aside may be further examined byother methods for confirmation of the presence of a defect withor without rework; such a tube may be determined acceptableif no other evidence for a defect is found. (Rewo
22、rk by weldrepair is not permitted.)9. Permissible Variations9.1 Diameter and Wall ThicknessThe permissible varia-tions in diameter and wall thickness of tubes specified in thepurchase order shall not exceed those prescribed in Table 3.9.2 LengthWhen tubing is ordered cut to length, theusable length
23、shall be not less than that specified; but avariation of +18 in. (3.2 mm) will be permitted for lengths upto 6 ft (1.8 m). In lengths over 6 ft, a variation of +14 in. (6.4mm) will be permitted, unless otherwise specified.9.3 StraightnessThe tube shall be free of bends or kinksand the maximum unifor
24、m bow shall not exceed values shownin Table 4.9.4 Squareness of CutThe angle of cut of the end of anytube may depart from square by not more than 0.016 in./in.(mm/mm) of diameter.TABLE 1 Ingot Chemical RequirementsElement(Composition, max weight %)R05200 R05400 R05252 R05255 R05240O 0.015 0.030 0.01
25、5 0.015 0.020N 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010C 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010H 0.0015 0.0015 0.0015 0.0015 0.0015Nb 0.10 0.10 0.50 0.10 35.042.0Mo 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.020W 0.050 0.050 2.03.5 9.011.0 0.050Ti 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010Si 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005Fe 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0
26、.010Ni 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010Ta remainder remainder remainder remainder remainderTABLE 2 Mechanical RequirementsR05200/R05400 R05252 R05255 R05240Ultimate tensile strength, min, psi (MPa) 30 000 (207) 40 000 (276) 70 000 (481) 40 000 (226)Yield strength, 0.2 % offset, min, psi (MPa) 20 000 (1
27、38) 28 000 (193) 60 000 (414) 28 000 (193)Elongation, min %, in 1 or 2 in. (25 or 51 mm) 25 20 15 20TABLE 3 Permissible Variations in Outside Dimensions Basedon Individual MeasurementsOutside Diameter,in. (mm)DiameterTolerance,A,BPlus or Minus,in. (mm)PermissibleVariationsCin WallThickness, %Under 1
28、 (25.4), excl 0.004 (0.102) 101to112 (25.4 to 38.1), excl 0.005 (0.127) 10112 to 2 (38.1 to 50.8), excl 0.006 (0.152) 102to212 (50.8 to 63.5), excl 0.007 (0.178) 10212 to 312 (63.5 to 88.9), excl 0.010 (0.254) 10AThese permissible variations in outside diameter apply only to tubes as finishedat the
29、mill before subsequent swaging, expanding, bending, polishing, or otherfabricating operation.BOvality is the maximum and minimum outside diameter of a tube measured atany one cross section. If the measurement is made with a ring gage the followingformula shall apply: Ovality = specified OD tube + di
30、ameter tolerance + 0.002 in.(length of ring gage, 1 in.) 3 nominal diameter.CWhen minimum wall tubes are ordered, tolerances are all plus and shall bedouble the values shown.B 521 98 (2004)210. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance10.1 The finished tube shall be clean and free of foreignmaterial, shal
31、l have smooth ends, free of burrs, and shall befree of injurious external and internal imperfections in accor-dance with standards of acceptability agreed upon between themanufacturer and the purchaser. Minor defects may be re-moved provided the dimensional tolerance of Section 9, are notexceeded.11
32、. Retest11.1 If any sample or specimen exhibits obvious surfacecontamination or improper preparation disqualifying it as atruly representative sample, discard it and substitute a newsample or specimen.11.2 In case of failure, retest two additional specimens. Ifboth specimens conform to this specific
33、ation, discard theoriginal values and consider the material acceptable.11.3 If the inspection results of a lot are not in conformancewith the requirements of this specification, the lot may bereworked at the option of the manufacturer. A lot shall beacceptable if results of all tests after reworking
34、 conform to thespecification.12. Significance of Numerical Limits12.1 For the purpose of determining compliance with thespecified limits of property requirements, an observed value ora calculated value shall be rounded in accordance with therounding method of Practice E 29.13. Inspection13.1 The man
35、ufacturer shall inspect the material covered bythe specification prior to shipment.13.2 If so specified on the purchase order, the purchaser orhis representative may witness the testing and inspection of thematerial at the place of manufacture. In such cases, thepurchaser shall state in his purchase
36、 order which tests hedesires to witness. The manufacturer shall give ample notice tothe purchaser as to the time and place of the designated test. Ifthe purchasers representative does not present himself at theagreed-upon time for the testing, and if no new date is agreedupon, the manufacturer shall
37、 consider the requirements forpurchasers inspection at the place of manufacturer to bewaived. When the inspector representing the purchaser doesappear at the appointed time and place, the manufacturer shallafford him all reasonable facilities to see that the material isbeing furnished in accordance
38、with this specification. Thisinspection shall be conducted so as not to interfere unneces-sarily with production operations.14. Rejection and Rehearing14.1 Material that fails to conform to the requirements ofthis specification may be rejected. Rejection shall be reportedto the producer or supplier
39、promptly and in writing. In case ofdissatisfaction with the results of the test, the producer orsupplier may make claim for a rehearing.15. Referee15.1 In the event of disagreement between the manufacturerand the purchaser of the conformance of the material to therequirements of this specification o
40、r any special test specifiedby the purchaser, a mutually acceptable referee shall performthe tests in question. The results of the referees testing shall beused in determining conformance of the material to thisspecification.16. Certification16.1 When specified in the purchase order or contract, apr
41、oducers or suppliers certification shall be furnished to thepurchaser that the material was manufactured, sampled, tested,and inspected in accordance with this specification and hasbeen found to meet the requirements. When specified in thepurchase order or contract, a report of the test results shal
42、l befurnished.17. Packaging and Package Marking17.1 Each bundle, box, or carton shall be marked or taggedlegibly and conspicuously with the number of this specifica-tion, purchase order number, nominal size, and the gross, net,and tare weights.17.2 All material shall be packed in such a manner as to
43、assure safe delivery to its destination when properly trans-ported by any common carrier.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination o
44、f the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.
45、 Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comm
46、ents have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or
47、multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).TABLE 4 StraightnessLength, ft (m) Maximum Curvature Depth ofArcOver 3 to 6 (0.91 to 1.83), incl18 in. (3.2 mm)Over 6 to 8 (1.83 to 2.44), incl316 in. (4.8 mm)Over 8 to 10 (2.44 to 3.05), incl14 in. (6.4 mm)Over 10 (3.05)14 in./any 10 ft (2.1 mm/m)B 521 98 (2004)3
