1、Designation: C1668 12C1668 13Standard Specification forExternally Applied Reflective Insulation Systems on RigidDuct in Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC)Systems1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1668; the number immediately following the designation indicates the y
2、ear oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the requirements and physic
3、al properties of reflective insulation systems applied externally toRigid Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) duct systems operating at or below 250F (121.1 C). These insulationsystems consist of one or more low-emittance surfaces, such as metallic foil or metallic deposits, mounted on
4、 substrates to producereflective air spaces. Reflective insulation systems derive thermal performance from surfaces with an emittance of no greater than0.1 facing enclosed air spaces.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathema
5、ticalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and heal
6、th practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal InsulationC335 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Transfer Properties of Pipe InsulationC390 Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of Therm
7、al Insulation LotsC411 Test Method for Hot-Surface Performance of High-Temperature Thermal InsulationC1045 Practice for Calculating Thermal Transmission Properties Under Steady-State ConditionsC1258 Test Method for Elevated Temperature and Humidity Resistance of Vapor Retarders for InsulationC1338 T
8、est Method for Determining Fungi Resistance of Insulation Materials and FacingsC1371 Test Method for Determination of Emittance of Materials Near Room Temperature Using Portable EmissometersE84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building MaterialsE96/E96M Test Methods for Water Vapor
9、 Transmission of MaterialsE2231 Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting of Pipe and Duct Insulation Materials to Assess Surface BurningCharacteristics2.2 Other Test Method:TAPPI Standard T-512 sp-02 Creasing of Flexible Packaging Material Paper Specimens for Testing33. Terminology3.1 Definiti
10、ons:3.1.1 Unless otherwise noted, the terms used in this specification conform to Terminology C168.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on Thermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.21 on
11、ReflectiveInsulation.Current edition approved May 1, 2012May 1, 2013. Published May 2012June 2013. Originally approved in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 20102012 asC1668C166810.12. DOI: 10.1520/C166812.10.1520/C166813.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or c
12、ontactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry (TAPPI), 15 Technology Parkway South, Norcross, GA 30092, http:/
13、www.tappi.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users con
14、sult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.2.1 HVAC ductsas pertaining to t
15、his standard, ducts having rigid rectangular or circular cross-section used to transfer airfrom the air handling equipment to the conditioned space and return.3.2.2 insulation spacersmaterial used to form enclosed air spaces that are interior to the reflective insulation system.3.2.3 reflective insu
16、lationthermal insulation consisting of one or more low emittance surfaces, bounding one or more enclosedair space(s). C1684. Classification4.1 Products covered by this specification are classified according to the substrate material and have the physical properties aslisted in Table 1.4.1.1 Type APr
17、oduct with polyethylene foam substrate.4.1.2 Type BProduct with polyethylene bubble pack substrate.4.1.3 Type CProduct with fiberglass substrate.4.1.4 Type DProduct with polyester fiber substrate.4.1.5 Type EProduct with kraft paper substrate.5. Ordering Information5.1 Specify the required thermal r
18、esistance.5.2 Specify the number of layers of insulation, width, thickness of the insulation system and the configuration of the duct(s) tobe insulated.5.3 Special markings, when required, shall be specified.5.4 Special performance requirements, when required.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Reflecti
19、ve insulation shall consist of low-emittance surface(s) with substrates and adhesives required to meet the specifiedthermal performance and physical properties. Air spaces shall be maintained by use of insulation spacers.6.2 Multiple layer reflective insulation shall be designed to attain the intend
20、ed separation of layers. The design separation shallbe maintained by the use of proper size, location and method of securing the insulation spacers to the duct system.6.3 DimensionsInsulation and properly sized insulation spacers shall be furnished in dimensions specifically agreed uponbetween the p
21、roducer and the buyer.7. Physical Properties7.1 EmittanceLow-emittance surfaces used for this insulation shall have a surface emittance of 0.1 or less, as determined inaccordance with 10.1.7.2 Water Vapor PermeanceThe water vapor permeance shall be determined in accordance with 10.2 and shall meet t
22、herequirements of Table 1.7.3 Surface Burning CharacteristicsSurface Burning Characteristics shall be determined in accordance with 10.3. Themaximum flame spread index shall not exceed 25 and the maximum smoke developed index shall not exceed 50.7.4 Aging ResistanceThe laminates of the reflective in
23、sulation shall be tested for aging resistance in accordance with 10.4.Three specimens shall be tested. The test specimens shall be shielded from condensate that drips from the ceiling of the humiditychamber during the test.7.4.1 After exposure the specimens shall be evaluated for visible corrosion a
24、nd delamination. For purposes of corrosionevaluation, disregard the outer 0.25 in. (6 mm) perimeter. No tested specimen shall exhibit visible corrosion or unaideddelamination of layers.TABLE 1 Classification CriteriaProperty TypeA TypeB TypeC TypeD TypeEEmittance #0.10#0.10#0.10#0.10#0.10Max. Flame
25、Spread Index 25 25 25 25 25Max. Smoke Developed Index 50 50 50 50 50Hot Surface Performance Min.250FMin.250FMin.250FMin.250FMin.250FWater Vapor Permeance(perms)0.02or less0.02or less0.02or less0.02or less0.02or lessC1668 1327.4.2 After exposure re-measure the emittance of the samples. No test specim
26、en shall have greater than 0.020.04 deviation fromthe original emittance measurement.7.5 Adhesive PerformanceAdhesives when used shall show no sign of bleeding when tested in accordance with the testprocedure in 10.5. Disregard bleeding at cut edges. Bleeding or delamination, shall be cause for reje
27、ction.7.6 PliabilitySpecimens tested in accordance with the procedure in 10.6 shall not show cracking or delamination.7.7 Fungi ResistanceSpecimens shall not have growth greater than the comparative item (southern yellow pine) when testedin accordance with 10.7. Use interpretation of results in 7.2
28、of Test Method C1338.7.8 Thermal ResistanceDetermine the thermal resistance in accordance with procedures in 10.8. The surface-to-surfaceR-value of a test assembly shall not be less than 95 % of the label value when tested in accordance with 10.8.7.9 Hot-Surface PerformanceDetermine the Hot-Surface
29、performance in accordance with procedures in 10.9. The minimumtemperature requirement is 250F (121.1C).8. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance8.1 The insulation system shall be manufactured, packaged and shipped in such a manner that, when received, it shall be suitablefor installation.9. Sampling9.1
30、 Sampling shall be performed in accordance with Practice C390.10. Test Methods10.1 EmittanceThe emittance of the product shall be tested in accordance with Test Method C1371.10.2 Water Vapor PermeanceThe permeance of the insulation product shall be tested in accordance with Test MethodE96/E96M (Desi
31、ccant Method).10.3 Surface Burning CharacteristicsThe surface burning characteristics shall be determined in accordance with Test MethodE84 and Practice E2231.10.4 Aging ResistanceThe aging resistance of the product shall be determined in accordance with Test Method C1258.10.5 Adhesive Performance10
32、.5.1 Bleeding and Delamination:10.5.2 ScopeThis test method covers the determination of bleeding and delamination of the reflective insulation.10.5.3 Significance and UseIt is necessary that reflective insulation not show adhesive bleeding or delamination since thereis a potential for loss of struct
33、ural integrity, a change to the emittance or a change in water permeability, or both.10.5.4 SamplingAminimum of three specimens of the reflective insulation, with dimensions of approximately 3 by 6 in. (7.62by 15.24 cm), shall be tested. The specimens shall be cut from separate locations on a roll o
34、r panel of the insulation.10.5.5 ProcedureSuspend the specimens vertically in an oven and heat to a temperature of 356 6 10F (180 6 5C) for atleast 5 hours. Determine, under 5 magnification; has the adhesive bled or exuded through the surface, or has separation of thefoil from substrate (delaminatio
35、n) occurred.10.5.6 Precision and BiasNo information is presented about either precision or bias of this test method for determiningBleeding and Delamination, since the test results are non-quantitative.10.6 Pliability:10.6.1 ScopeThis test method covers the determination of cracking or delamination
36、of the reflective insulation due to foldingand bending. Any reflective insulation product that does not require bending during installation shall be exempt from therequirements of this section.10.6.2 Significance and UseIt is necessary that reflective insulation not crack or delaminate since these a
37、re contributingfactors to loss of structural integrity and change in water permeability.10.6.3 SamplingAminimum of three specimens of the reflective insulation shall be subjected to two tests: one specimen shallcontain a factory produced edge.10.6.4 ProcedureImmediately prior to testing: (a) The spe
38、cimens shall be conditioned at a temperature of 70 6 2F (21.1 61.1C) and a relative humidity of 50 6 5 % for a period of no less than 24 hours, for the first test. The second test shall be at 326 2F (0 6 1.1 C) for a period of no less than 24 hours. (b) The foil laminate shall be folded in accordanc
39、e with TAPPI StandardT-512 sp-02 and the folded edge smoothed, using light finger pressure. The finished laminate shall not crack or delaminate whenfolded to an 180 bend.10.6.5 Precision and BiasNo information is presented about either precision or bias of TAPPI Standard T-512 sp-02 fordetermining c
40、racking or delamination, due to folding or bending, since the test is qualitative.10.7 Fungi ResistanceThe fungi resistance of the product shall be determined in accordance with Test Method C1338.C1668 13310.8 Thermal ResistanceThe thermal performance of the reflective insulation system shall be det
41、ermined for a representativespecimen for a duct with a minimum dimension of 6-in. (15.24 cm) diameter or 6-in. (15.24 cm) square.10.8.1 The thermal resistance of reflective insulation systems for duct application shall be determined in an apparatus meetingTest Method C335 and calculated using Equati
42、on 9 of Test Method C335. Thermal data shall be determined for a test specimeninstalled in accordance with the manufacturers instructions. End-cap corrections, when utilized, shall meet the requirements ofTest Method C335. The area used for the calculation of R-value shall be the exterior surface of
43、 the heated test apparatus.10.8.2 The thermal resistance of a reflective duct insulation system depends on the mean temperature, emittance of the reflectivesurface(s), the size of the air space between the insulation and the duct surface, and any thermal value from the substrate. TheR-value shall be
44、 determined over a range of mean temperatures that includes the labeling temperature of 75F (23.9C), and a Tof 30F (13.1C) or larger.10.8.3 The measured surface-to-surface R-values and the corresponding mean temperatures of the reflective insulation assemblyshall be used to obtain an equation relati
45、ng the R-value to the mean assembly temperature using the Method of Least Squares asoutlined in Practice C1045. The equation obtained in this manner shall be used to calculate the R-value evenly spaced 5Fincrements over a range that extends from a temperature that is no less than 25 % of the total m
46、easurement range below the lowestmeasured mean assembly temperature to no greater that 25 % of the total measurement range above the highest measured meantemperature. When a single R-value measurement is made at 75F (23.9C) mean and T of 30F (13.1C) or greater that valueshall be reported for the ref
47、lective insulation system.10.8.4 The results to be reported as a result of applying 10.8.3 shall include all measured R-values and corresponding meanassembly temperatures. R-values shall be reported for the reflective insulation system for the region from the duct surface to theinsulation outer surf
48、ace.10.8.5 The R-value used for labeling shall be the value at 75F (23.9C) mean. Additional R-values at other mean temperaturesare included as required for codes or design calculations.10.9 Hot-Surface PerformanceThe Hot-Surface Performance shall be determined in accordance with Test Method C411.Whe
49、n multiple layers are required to obtain a given thermal value the first layer must sit on the test apparatus and all other layersincluding spacers shall be installed as manufactures instructions.11. Inspection11.1 Inspection of the material shall be agreed upon between the purchaser and supplier as part of the purchase contract.12. Rejection and Rehearing12.1 Requirements Determined by Visual InspectionSamples shall be inspected visually for mechanical damage as follows:12.1.1 Surface Punctures shall not exc
