1、Designation: C1708/C1708M 121C1708/C1708M 13Standard Test Methods forSelf-leveling Mortars Containing Hydraulic Cements1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1708/C1708M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the case of revisio
2、n, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1 NOTEChanges were made editorially in October 2013.1. Scope Scope*1.1 These test methods are appropriate to evalua
3、te the performance of self-leveling mortars containing hydraulic cements thatare used to improve the levelness, smoothness, and flatness of existing floors. These materials may be used as an underlaymentto receive floor finishes, or as an overlayment to serve as the wear surface. The self-leveling m
4、ortars covered by these test methodsconsist of proprietary blends of hydraulic cements, along with fine aggregate, polymers, fillers, and other additives.1.2 UnitsThe values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values statedin each system may n
5、ot be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining valuesfrom the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Some values have only SI units because the inch-poundequivalents are not used in practice.1.3 This standard does not purport
6、 to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.(WarningFresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are c
7、austic and may cause chemical burns to skin andtissue upon prolonged exposure.)22. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or 50-mm Cube Specimens)C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete AggregatesC15
8、7/C157M Test Method for Length Change of Hardened Hydraulic-Cement Mortar and ConcreteC191 Test Methods for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Vicat NeedleC305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement Pastes and Mortars of Plastic ConsistencyC348 Test Method for Flexural Strength of Hy
9、draulic-Cement MortarsC490 Practice for Use of Apparatus for the Determination of Length Change of Hardened Cement Paste, Mortar, and ConcreteC670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for Test Methods for Construction MaterialsC778 Specification for SandC928/C928M Specification for P
10、ackaged, Dry, Rapid-Hardening Cementitious Materials for Concrete RepairsC1005 Specification for Reference Masses and Devices for Determining Mass and Volume for Use in the Physical Testing ofHydraulic CementsC1107/C1107M Specification for Packaged Dry, Hydraulic-Cement Grout (Nonshrink)E691 Practic
11、e for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in these test methods, refer to Terminology C125.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 flow, nof self-leveling mortars, the ability of a
12、freshly-mixed, self-leveling mortar to spread under its own weight.1 These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.43on Packaged Dry Combined Materials.Current edition approved July 1, 201
13、2Dec. 15, 2013. Published September 2012January 2014. Orignally approved in 2011. Last previous edition approved in 20112012as C170811.12E01. DOI: 10.1520/C1708-12.10.1520/C1708-13.2 Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.3 F
14、or referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to pr
15、ovide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof th
16、e standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.2.2 healing, nof self-leveling mortars, the a
17、bility of a self-leveling mortar to return to its original state of levelness andsmoothness after being disturbed.a specified cut is introduced into the surface.3.2.2.1 DiscussionThe specified cut is described in 8.4.3.3.3.2.3 mortar, self-leveling, nmortar containing hydraulic cement that, in the f
18、resh state, exhibits flow sufficient to seekgravitational leveling.3.2.4 overlayment, nin flooring, a layer of material usually placed upon the sub-floor that provides a smooth, even surface tobe left exposed as the wear surface of the floor.3.2.5 time, healing, nof self-leveling mortars, the period
19、 of time from initial contact of a self-leveling mortar with mixingwater just prior to the time at which the self-leveling mortar no longer heals but instead leaves a visiblefrom the starting time untilthe moment when a specified cut leaves no observable indentation or ridge inon the surface after b
20、eing disturbed.setting.3.2.5.1 DiscussionThe specified cut is described in 8.4.3.3.3.2.6 time, starting, nof self-leveling mortars, the time when water is brought into contact with the dry ingredients of aself-leveling mortar.3.2.7 underlayment, nin flooring, a layer of material usually placed upon
21、the sub-floor that provides a smooth, even base forflooring.4. Significance and Use4.1 The test methods in this standard are used to evaluate freshly mixed properties such as the initial flow, flow retention, andhealing time as well as hardened properties such as compressive strength, setting time,
22、and flexural strength, of self-levelingmortars.4.2 Tests are conducted under standardized conditions for comparative purposes and results are not intended to be representativeof performance under field conditions.5. Standard Laboratory Conditions5.1 Unless otherwise specified, curing and testing of
23、specimens shall be conducted at standard laboratory conditions which aredefined as 23.0 6 2.0 C 73.5 6 3.5 F and the relative humidity of the laboratory shall be not less that 50 %. For optional testsat the manufacturers stated temperature extremes, the curing and testing temperatures must be within
24、 62.0 C 63.5 F of thestated extreme temperatures.6. Sampling6.1 Sample according to the Sampling section of Specification C1107/C1107M.7. Mixing7.1 Apparatus7.1.1 Use the mixer and scraper as specified in Practice C305. The standard batch size is 3000 g (See Note 1) of dry self-levelingmortar. Use a
25、 splash guard to prevent excessive splashing.WarningThe clearances between the paddle and the bowl specified in Practice C305 are suitable when using mortar madewith standard sand as described in Specification C778. To permit the mixer to operate freely and to avoid serious damage to thepaddle and b
26、owl when coarser aggregates are used, it may be necessary to set the clearance adjustment bracket to provide greaterclearances than those specified in 4.1 of Practice C305.7.1.2 Weighing devices used in determining the mass of materials shall conform to Specification C1005.7.1.3 A timer accurate to
27、1 s with a range of at least 60 min.NOTE 1This batch size is used for self-leveling mortars with a typical freshly mixed density of approximately 1920 kg/m3 120 lb/ft3. Adjust thebatch size as needed to accommodate densities significantly different from the typical value.7.2 Procedure7.2.1 Mix the s
28、elf-leveling mortar with liquid as prescribed by the manufacturer. In the absence of manufacturers instructionsthe liquid content shall be adjusted to achieve an initial flow of 125 to 150 mm 5 to 6 in. as per 8.4.NOTE 2Water is the most common mixing liquid although latex admixtures or other liquid
29、s may be recommended by some manufacturers.C1708/C1708M 1327.2.2 Add the entire quantity of mixing liquid to the bowl. Start the mixer on speed 1 and start the timer. Mix times are to beobserved within 65 s of the recommended times.7.2.3 Add the dry self-leveling mortar to the mixer while mixing at
30、speed 1 during the first 30 s. (0-30 s on timer)7.2.4 Mix for an additional 30 s period, at speed 1. (30-60 s on timer)7.2.5 Stop the mixer and quickly scrape down into the batch any mortar that may have collected on the side of the bowl or blade.This must be completed within 30 s (60-90 s on timer)
31、7.2.6 Mix at speed 2 for 240 s. (90-330 s on timer)7.2.7 In any case requiring a remixing interval, any mortar adhering to the side of the bowl shall be quickly scraped down intothe batch with the scraper prior to remixing.8. Initial Flow, Flow Retention, and Healing Time8.1 ScopeThis test method me
32、asures the flow of freshly-mixed, self-leveling mortar by releasing it from a rigid tube after agiven time. The diameter of the spread mixture is measured after a specified time. Flow retention is measured by repeating the teston aged material. Healing time is determined by making specific cuts in t
33、he surface of the self-leveling mortar at regular timeintervals and determining the latest time for which the mortar will still heal as evaluated after setting.8.2 Significance and UseThe flow of a self-leveling mortar is a measure of its placeability. Establishing an acceptable flowrange for the se
34、lf-leveling mortar is critical to the proper use of the self-leveling mortar. If the flow is too low, the self-levelingmortar will not be self-leveling and if the flow is too high, the designed properties of the self-leveling mortar will be compromised.A proper flow range must be established in orde
35、r to determine the proper water content to use when evaluating the physicalproperties of the mortar. The flow retention and healing time provide an indication of the useful working time of the mortar.8.3 Apparatus8.3.1 Flow Ring: A tube made of smooth, non-corrosive material of 30.0 6 0.1mm 114 6 11
36、6 in. internal diameter and 50.06 0.1 mm 2 6 116 in. high.8.3.2 A clean, dry 400 400 6 mm 16 in. 16 in. 14 in. square glass plate.8.3.3 A timer accurate to 1 s with a range of at least 60 min.8.3.4 A length-measuring device such as a ruler or tape measure divided into 1 mm 116 in. divisions at least
37、 300 mm 12 in.long.8.3.5 Rectangular pan with inside dimensions of at least 210 mm 210 mm 812 812 in. with a nominal depth of at least9 mm 38 in. made of metal or glass not attacked by the self-leveling mortar.8.3.6 A metal bar 6 mm 14 in. thick, with square edges, and at least 150 mm 6 in. long.NOT
38、E 3The side of a mold used to prepare specimens for Test Method C157/C157M is acceptable for this purpose.8.4 Procedure8.4.1 Initial Flow:8.4.1.1 Place the flow ring centrally on the glass plate and place this assembly on a firm horizontal surface not to depart fromhorizontal by more than 0.5 (appro
39、ximately equivalent to 1 mm in 100 mm 0.12 in. in 12 in.).8.4.1.2 Within 30 s from the completion of mixing, completely fill the flow ring, immediately lift the flow ring andsimultaneously start the timer. Lift the flow ring from the glass plate in a vertical direction to a height of 50 to 100 mm 2
40、to 4in. within 2 s and allow the material to empty from the ring onto the glass plate.8.4.1.3 Allow the mortar to spread for 240 6 10 s and measure the diameter of the spread in two directions at right angles usingthe length-measuring device. Record the average diameter as the initial flow of the se
41、lf-leveling material.8.4.1.4 Report the initial flow, mm in.8.4.2 Flow Retention:8.4.2.1 Repeat the flow test at 20 min and 30 min from the starting time and record the flow. Remix the material by using thePractice C305 mixer, speed 1, for 5 to 10 s before filling the flow ring.8.4.2.2 Report the fl
42、ow retention as the flow, mm in. at 20 min and 30 min.NOTE 4Self-leveling mortars with flow retention times either shorter or longer than 20-30 min reported in 8.4.2.2 may be measured at appropriate10 min intervals until material no longer flows out of the flow ring.NOTE 5An alternate procedure for
43、flow retention is to fill three flow rings after the completion of mixing. The first ring is lifted immediately andthe second and third rings are lifted at 20 min and 30 min respectively from the starting time. This procedure is not recommended as the primary methodof measuring flow retention but ma
44、y be used to provide additional information about the behavior of the material in a completely undisturbed condition.The precision of this method is included in section 10.1.2.1 (2).8.4.3 Healing Time:8.4.3.1 Place the pan on a level, vibration free surface.8.4.3.2 Upon completion of mixing, pour se
45、lf-leveling mortar into the pan until a thickness of 6 61 mm 14 6 116 in. isobtained.8.4.3.3 Start making a full-depth cut in the test specimen at 10 min from the starting time using the 6 mm 14 in. thick metalbar (See Fig. 1). Hold the bar at approximately a 45 angle. Start at the far side of the p
46、an about 25 mm 1 in. from the left edgeC1708/C1708M 133of the pan. Pull the bar smoothly through the mix stopping at the near edge of the pan. Complete the cut in approximately 5 to10 s. Record the time of the beginning of each cut from the defined starting time.8.4.3.4 Continue making cuts every 5
47、min until the material no longer heals. Each cut shall be made about 25 mm 1 in. tothe right of the previous cut.8.4.3.5 Allow the specimen to cure overnight before rating healing time.8.4.3.6 Healing time is determined by both touching and observing the cuts made the previous day. If there is an ob
48、vious ridgeor indentation in the cut, the material is not healing (see definition). Make observations near the center of the cuts avoiding areasnear the edge of the pan.8.4.3.7 Report the healing time as the longest time for which no obvious indentation or ridge is observed.9. Physical Properties9.1
49、 The following test methods are used to characterize the time of setting, strength and dimensional stability of the self-levelingmortar and will require several batches to complete the testing. In order to ensure valid comparisons, all tests shall be conductedat the same liquid content using the amount and type of liquid prescribed by the manufacturer (See Note 2). In the absence ofmanufacturers instructions the correct liquid content shall be established by using an initial tria
