1、Designation:C170811 Designation: C1708 12Standard Test Methods forSelf-leveling Mortars Containing Hydraulic Cements1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1708; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the yea
2、r of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 These test methods are appropriate to evaluate the performance of self-leveling mortars containing hydraulic ceme
3、nts thatare used to improve the levelness, smoothness, and flatness of existing floors. These materials may be used as an underlaymentto receive floor finishes, or as an overlayment to serve as the wear surface. The self-leveling mortars covered by these test methodsconsist of proprietary blends of
4、hydraulic cements, along with fine aggregate, polymers, fillers, and other additives.1.2 UnitsThe values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values statedin each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used indepen
5、dently of the other. Combining valuesfrom the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Some values have only SI units because the inch-poundequivalents are not used in practice.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its u
6、se. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use. (WarningFresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin andtissue upon prolonged
7、 exposure.)22. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or 50-mm Cube Specimens)C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete AggregatesC157/C157M Test Method for Length Change of Hardened Hydraulic-Cement M
8、ortar and ConcreteC191 Test Methods for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Vicat NeedleC305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement Pastes and Mortars of Plastic ConsistencyC348 Test Method for Flexural Strength of Hydraulic-Cement MortarsC490 Practice for Use of Apparatus for the Det
9、ermination of Length Change of Hardened Cement Paste, Mortar, and ConcreteC670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for Test Methods for Construction MaterialsC778 Specification for SandC928/C928M Specification for Packaged, Dry, Rapid-Hardening Cementitious Materials for Concrete Re
10、pairsC1005 Specification for Reference Masses and Devices for Determining Mass and Volume for Use in the Physical Testing ofHydraulic CementsC1107/C1107M Specification for Packaged Dry, Hydraulic-Cement Grout (Nonshrink)E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision
11、 of a Test Method3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in these test methods, refer to Terminology C125.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 flow, nof self-leveling mortars, the ability of a freshly-mixed, self-leveling mortar to spread under its own weight.3
12、.2.2 healing, nthe ability of a self-leveling mortar to return to its original state of levelness and smoothness after beingdisturbed.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.43on Pa
13、ckaged Dry Combined Materials.Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2011. Published September 2011. DOI: 10.1520/C1708-11.Current edition approved July 1, 2012. Published September 2012. Orignally approved in 2011. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as C170811. DOI:10.1520/C1708-12.2Section on Safety
14、 Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Docu
15、ment Summary page on the ASTM website.1This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM
16、recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.2.3 mor
17、tar, self-leveling, nmortar containing hydraulic cement that, in the fresh state, exhibits flow sufficient to seekgravitational leveling.3.2.4 overlayment, n in flooring, a layer of material usually placed upon the sub-floor that provides a smooth, even surfaceto be left exposed as the wear surface
18、of the floor.3.2.5 time, healing, nthe period of time from initial contact of a self-leveling mortar with mixing water just prior to the timeat which the self-leveling mortar no longer heals but instead leaves a visible indentation or ridge in the surface after beingdisturbed.3.2.6 time, starting, n
19、of self-leveling mortars, the time when water is brought into contact with the dry ingredients of aself-leveling mortar.3.2.7 underlayment, n in flooring, a layer of material usually placed upon the sub-floor that provides a smooth, even base forflooring.4. Significance and Use4.1 The test methods i
20、n this standard are used to evaluate freshly mixed properties such as the initial flow, flow retention, andhealing time as well as hardened properties such as compressive strength, setting time, and flexural strength, of self-levelingmortars.4.2 Tests are conducted under standardized conditions for
21、comparative purposes and results are not intended to be representativeof performance under field conditions.5. Standard Laboratory Conditions5.1 Unless otherwise specified, curing and testing of specimens shall be conducted at standard laboratory conditions which aredefined as 23.0 6 2.0 C 73.5 6 3.
22、5 F and the relative humidity of the laboratory shall be not less that 50 %. For optional testsat the manufacturers stated temperature extremes, the curing and testing temperatures must be within 62.0 C 63.5 F of thestated extreme temperatures.6. Sampling6.1 Sample according to the Sampling section
23、of Specification C1107/C1107M.7. Mixing7.1 Apparatus7.1.1 Use the mixer and scraper as specified in Practice C305. The standard batch size is 3000 g (See Note 1) of dry self-levelingmortar. Use a splash guard to prevent excessive splashing.WarningThe clearances between the paddle and the bowl specif
24、ied in Practice C305 are suitable when using mortar madewith standard sand as described in Specification C778. To permit the mixer to operate freely and to avoid serious damage to thepaddle and bowl when coarser aggregates are used, it may be necessary to set the clearance adjustment bracket to prov
25、ide greaterclearances than those specified in 4.1 of Practice C305.7.1.2 Weighing devices used in determining the mass of materials shall conform to Specification C1005.7.1.3 A timer accurate to 1 s with a range of at least 60 min.NOTE 1This batch size is used for self-leveling mortars with a typica
26、l freshly mixed density of approximately 1920 kg/m3120 lb/ft3. Adjust thebatch size as needed to accommodate densities significantly different from the typical value.7.2 Procedure7.2.1Mix the self-leveling mortar with liquid as prescribed by the manufacturer.7.2.1 Mix the self-leveling mortar with l
27、iquid as prescribed by the manufacturer. In the absence of manufacturers instructionsthe liquid content shall be adjusted to achieve an initial flow of 125 to 150 mm 5 to 6 in. as per 8.4.NOTE 2Water is the most common mixing liquid although latex admixtures or other liquids may be recommended by so
28、me manufacturers.7.2.2 Add the entire quantity of mixing liquid to the bowl. Start the mixer on speed 1 and start the timer. Mix times are to beobserved within 65 s of the recommended times.7.2.3 Add the dry self-leveling mortar to the mixer while mixing at speed 1 during the first 30 s. (0-30 s on
29、timer)7.2.4 Mix for an additional 30 s period, at speed 1. (30-60 s on timer)7.2.5 Stop the mixer and quickly scrape down into the batch any mortar that may have collected on the side of the bowl or blade.This must be completed within 30 s (60-90 s on timer)7.2.6 Mix at speed 2 for 240 s. (90-330 s
30、on timer)7.2.7 In any case requiring a remixing interval, any mortar adhering to the side of the bowl shall be quickly scraped down intothe batch with the scraper prior to remixing.8. Initial Flow, Flow Retention, and Healing Time8.1 ScopeThis test method measures the flow of freshly-mixed, self-lev
31、eling mortar by releasing it from a rigid tube after agiven time. The diameter of the spread mixture is measured after a specified time. Flow retention is measured by repeating the testC1708 122on aged material. This test method measures the flow of freshly-mixed, self-leveling mortar by releasing i
32、t from a rigid tube aftera given time. The diameter of the spread mixture is measured after a specified time. Flow retention is measured by repeating thetest on aged material. Healing time is determined by making specific cuts in the surface of the self-leveling mortar at regular timeintervals and d
33、etermining the latest time for which the mortar will still heal as evaluated after setting.8.2 Significance and UseThe flow of a self-leveling mortar is a measure of its placeability. Establishing an acceptable flowrange for the self-leveling mortar is critical to the proper use of the self-leveling
34、 mortar. If the flow is too low, the self-levelingmortar will not be self-leveling and if the flow is too high, the designed properties of the self-leveling mortar will be compromised.A proper flow range must be established in order to determine the proper water content to use when evaluating the ph
35、ysicalproperties of the mortar. The flow retention and healing time provide an indication of the useful working time of the mortar.8.3 Apparatus8.3.1 Flow Ring: A tube made of smooth, non-corrosive material of 30.0 6 0.1mm 114 6116 in. internal diameter and 50.06 0.1 mm 2 6116 in. high.8.3.2 A clean
36、, dry 400 3 400 3 6 mm 16 in. 3 16 in. 314 in. square glass plate.8.3.3 A timer accurate to 1 s with a range of at least 60 min.8.3.4 A length-measuring device such as a ruler or tape measure divided into 1 mm 116 in. divisions at least 300 mm 12 in.long.8.3.5 Rectangular pan with inside dimensions
37、of at least 210 mm 3 210 mm 812 3 812 in. with a nominal depth of at least9mm38 in. made of metal or glass not attacked by the self-leveling mortar.8.3.6 A metal bar 6 mm 14 in. thick, with square edges, and at least 150 mm 6 in. long.NOTE2The 3The side of a mold used to prepare specimens for Test M
38、ethod C157/C157M is acceptable for this purpose.8.4 Procedure8.4.1 Initial Flow:8.4.1.1 Place the flow ring centrally on the glass plate and place this assembly on a firm horizontal surface not to depart fromhorizontal by more than 0.5 (approximately equivalent to 1 mm in 100 mm 0.12 in. in 12 in.).
39、8.4.1.2 Within 30 s from the completion of mixing, completely fill the flow ring, immediately lift the flow ring andsimultaneously start the timer. Lift the flow ring from the glass plate in a vertical direction to a height of 50 to 100 mm 2 to 4in. within 2 s and allow the material to empty from th
40、e ring onto the glass plate.8.4.1.3 Allow the mortar to spread for 240 6 10 s and measure the diameter of the spread in two directions at right angles usingthe length-measuring device. Record the average diameter as the initial flow of the self-leveling material.8.4.1.4 Report the initial flow, mm i
41、n.8.4.2 Flow Retention:8.4.2.1 Repeat the flow test at 20 min and 30 min from the starting time and record the flow. Remix the material by using thePractice C305 mixer, speed 1, for 5 to 10 s before filling the flow ring.8.4.2.2 Report the flow retention at 20 min and 30 min. Report the flow retenti
42、on as the flow, mm in. at 20 min and 30 min.NOTE 34Self-leveling mortars with flow retention times either shorter or longer than 20-30 min reported in 8.4.2.2 may be measured at appropriate10 min intervals until material no longer flows out of the flow ring.NOTE4An 5An alternate procedure for flow r
43、etention is to fill three flow rings after the completion of mixing. The first ring is lifted immediatelyand the second and third rings are lifted at 20 min and 30 min respectively from the starting time. This procedure is not recommended as the primarymethod of measuring flow retention but may be u
44、sed to provide additional information about the behavior of the material in a completely undisturbedcondition. The precision of this method is included in section 10.1.2.1 (2).8.4.3 Healing Time:8.4.3.1 Place the pan on a level, vibration free surface.8.4.3.2 Upon completion of mixing, pour self-lev
45、eling mortar into the pan until a thickness of 6 61mm14 6116 in. isobtained.8.4.3.3 Start making a full-depth cut in the test specimen,specimen at 10 min from the starting time using the 6 mm 14 in. thickmetal bar (See Fig. 1). Hold the bar at approximately a 45 angle. Start at the far side of the p
46、an about 25 mm 1 in. from theleft edge of the pan. Pull the bar smoothly through the mix stopping at the near edge of the pan. Complete the cut in approximately5 to 10 s. Record the time of the beginning of each cut from the defined starting time.8.4.3.4 Continue making cuts every 5 min until the ma
47、terial no longer heals. Each cut shall be made about 25 mm 1 in. tothe right of the previous cut.8.4.3.5 Allow the specimen to cure overnight before rating healing time.8.4.3.6 Healing time is determined by both touching and observing the cuts made the previous day. If there is an obvious ridgeor in
48、dentation in the cut, the material is not healing (see definition). Make observations near the center of the cuts avoiding areasnear the edge of the pan.8.4.3.7 Report the healing time as the longest time for which no obvious indentation or ridge is observed.9. Physical Properties9.1 The following t
49、est methods are used to characterize the time of setting, strength and dimensional stability of the self-levelingC1708 123mortar and will require several batches to complete the testing. In order to ensure valid comparisons, all tests shall be conductedat the same water content. The liquid content using the amount and type of liquid prescribed by the manufacturer (See Note 2).In the absence of manufacturers instructions the correct waterliquid content shall be established by using an initial tri
