1、2015年 9月上海市高级口译第一阶段笔试真题试卷及答案与解析 Part A Spot Dictation Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER B
2、OOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE. 0 We can engage ourselves with music as a composer, performer, or listener. As a listener, we respond to【 C1】 _of receptivity. We may be very casual about the way we hear music, paying almost no attention to it. 【 C2】 _, for example, is not meant
3、 to be listened to intently. We have all used music as background sound to create 【 C3】 _ for our own quiet thought. On the other hand, especially when we are on the road, an “easy“ listening station can create【 C4】 _, and we may deliberately turn off the music, so as to【 C5】 _. There are other time
4、s when music is【 C6】 _, and we give it our full attention. This could be in a church, at a special event, or【 C7】 _. But how are we supposed to listen to a piece of music? There are different ways to【 C8】 _. Some people let the sounds wash over them like a sonic bath, 【 C9】 _. This is the sensuous l
5、evel. Other listeners respond on a【 C10】 _level, listening to the sounds and absorbing various aspects of the music as they unfold. They listen for musical events and【 C11】_to form an expressive composition. The first level of attending to music is【 C12】 _: the second, analytical. The perceptive lev
6、el 【 C13】 _. Ideally, we learn to listen more perceptively in order to 【 C14】 _. Perceptive listening allows us to enjoy the music more fully by revealing【 C15】 _. Listening to classical music can often be lighthearted and easygoing. This is especially true when a symphony orchestra is【 C16】 _. At o
7、ther times, listening to concert music, or even folk music can be 【 C17】 _. This is particularly the case if we want to【 C18】 _in the music as they occur. The ultimate experience is being so【 C19】 _that we lose ourselves in it. Time may appear to stop, and【 C20】_. 1 【 C1】 2 【 C2】 3 【 C3】 4 【 C4】 5 【
8、 C5】 6 【 C6】 7 【 C7】 8 【 C8】 9 【 C9】 10 【 C10】 11 【 C11】 12 【 C12】 13 【 C13】 14 【 C14】 15 【 C15】 16 【 C16】 17 【 C17】 18 【 C18】 19 【 C19】 20 【 C20】 Part B Listening Comprehension Directions: In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations. After each one, you will be asked s
9、ome questions. The talks, conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE. Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. （ A） The life and working on a real d
10、esert island. （ B） The leading role of a Hollywood star. （ C） The film-making of a commercial. （ D） The cost of shooting a feature film. （ A） Two cameras damaged in transit. （ B） Eight days of incessant rain. （ C） Running out of financial resources. （ D） Breaking down of the electricity generator. （
11、 A） She came down with a tropical fever. （ B） She had lost her hotel room key. （ C） She fainted on the shooting scene. （ D） She was replaced by an A-list actress. （ A） 10,000. （ B） 250,000. （ C） 500,000. （ D） 1 million. （ A） On the beach. （ B） On the desert island. （ C） In Hollywood. （ D） In a studi
12、o in Britain. （ A） The Nepalese Armed Police Force had reached the Gongapur area. （ B） The Nepalese rescuers had been working for five days to save Tamang. （ C） An Israeli aid team set up a hospital in the neighborhood. （ D） A 15-year-old boy was rescued from the rubble of his house. （ A） 20. （ B） 4
13、8. （ C） 68. （ D） 85. （ A） Solar energy will replace fossil fuels in the near future. （ B） More plants will use solar energy to cut greenhouse gases. （ C） More coal is purchased from the United States to meet demand. （ D） Coal is still the cheapest and most viable energy source. （ A） He did not recei
14、ve timely medical attention. （ B） He shouted for help and was stopped by the police. （ C） He was transported to three police stations. （ D） He was not handcuffed into a seat belt. （ A） 50. （ B） 51.9. （ C） 54. （ D） 59.1. （ A） To challenge the exploding demand for higher education worldwide. （ B） To i
15、mprove their prospects in the globalised labour market. （ C） To take major marketing courses to secure successful careers. （ D） To get acquainted with people from prestigious universities. （ A） It can be a broader strategy to recruit highly skilled immigrants. （ B） It can help their institutions of
16、higher education raise tuition fees. （ C） It can provide an opportunity to further expand their educational programmes. （ D） It can satisfy the teacher-student ratio required by the authorities. （ A） US, UK, Australia, Germany, France, Canada. （ B） US, UK, Canada, Australia, France, Germany. （ C） US
17、, UK, Germany, Canada, France, Australia. （ D） US, Australia, Canada, UK, Germany, France. （ A） Students learning Fnglish in their home country should study abroad. （ B） Immersion is one of the English-language skills for foreign students. （ C） English is adopted as a global language in higher educa
18、tion. （ D） There is a correlation between patterns of student mobility and quality of programmes. （ A） Language of instruction. （ B） Quality of programmes. （ C） Student mobility. （ D） Tuition fees. （ A） Expenditure on computerizing classrooms had been increasing rapidly. （ B） The debate over compute
19、rizing classrooms had been suppressed. （ C） New software had been created to introduce 7-month-old babies to computers. （ D） Computers had been introduced into American schools by unscientific optimists. （ A） 10 times. （ B） 20 times. （ C） 25 times. （ D） 30 times. （ A） It is a waste of taxpayers mone
20、y. （ B） It is academically not helpful. （ C） It checks childrens mental development. （ D） It affects many other courses in the school. （ A） Computer use is rising almost everywhere, though it varies from place to place. （ B） The difference between European and American education is quite small. （ C）
21、 Artificial electronic stimulation will not help young kids develop their minds. （ D） Classroom computer usage promises a bright future for our children. （ A） American educators have spent a great deal on classroom computers. （ B） European and Asian educators will not follow American counterparts to
22、 utilize the technology. （ C） The US Department of Education will decide the specifics of classroom computer usage. （ D） Computers in the classroom can help make teaching more productive. 一、 SECTION 2 READING TEST Directions: In this section you will read several passages. Each one is followed by se
23、veral questions about it. You are to choose ONE best answer, A, B, C or D, to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write tile letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET
24、. 40 I spent the usual long afternoon at work doing little but ordering tests, far more than I thought any patient needed, but thats what we do these days. Guidelines mandate tests, and patients expect them: abnormal tests mean medication, and medication means more tests. My tally for the day: 14 re
25、asonably healthy patients, 299 separate tests of blood composition, three scans and a handful of referrals to specialists for yet more tests. Teachers complain that primary education threatens to become a process of teaching to the test. They wince as the content of standardized tests increasingly d
26、rives their lesson plans, and the results of these tests define their accomplishments. We share their pain: Doctoring to the tests is every bit as dispiriting. Some medical tests are cheap and simple. Some are pricier and more complicated. As in education, our test-ordering behavior and our patients
27、 results increasingly define our achievements, and in the near future our remuneration is likely to follow. Still, like all test-based quality control systems, ours can be gamed. Our tests can also inflict psychic damage, and physical damage as well. Most distressing: dealing with the endless cycle
28、of repeat testing absorbs much all our time. It is all in the name of good and equitable health care, a laudable goal. But if you reach age 50 and I cannot persuade you to undergo the colonoscopy or mammogram you really dont want, am I a bad doctor? If you reach age 85 and I persuade you to take eno
29、ugh medication to normalize your blood pressure, am I a good one? I am not the only one who wonders. A cadre of test skeptics at Dartmouth Medical School specialize in critically examining our test-based approach to well adult care. These folks deserve much of the blame: They have repeatedly demonst
30、rated that these tests and many others do not necessarily make healthy people any healthier. Dr. H. Gilbert Welch, a Vermont physician who is part of the Dartmouth group, has a new book that might serve as the test skeptics manifesto and bible. Its title, “Less Medicine, More Health,“ sums up his tr
31、enchant, point-by-point critique of test-based health care and quality control. In medicine, “true quality is extremely hard to measure,“ Dr. Welch writes. “What is easy to measure is whether doctors do things. “ Only doing things like ordering tests generates data. Deciding not to do things and let
32、 well enough alone generates nothing tangible. Dr. Welch points out that doctors get to become doctors because they are good with tests, and know instinctively how to behave in a test-focused universe. Rate them by how many tests they order, and they will order in profusion, often more than the guid
33、elines suggest. They will do fine on assessments of their quality, but patients may not do so well. Even perfectly safe tests that are incapable of doing their own damage may, given enough weight, trigger catastrophe. Yes, little blood pressure cuff over there in the corner, that means you. The link
34、 between very high blood pressure and disease is incontrovertible, and the drugs used to control blood pressure are among the cheapest and safest around. Even so, as Dr. Welch pointed out in a recent conversation, systems that rate doctors by how well their patients blood pressure is managed are lik
35、ely to invite trouble. Doctors rewarded for treating aggressively are likely to keep doing so even when the benefits begin to morph into harm. That appears to happen in older adults, at least in those who avoid the common complications of high blood pressure and continue on medication. One study fou
36、nd that nursing home residents taking two or more effective blood pressure drugs did remarkably badly, with death rates more than twice that of their peers. In another, dementia patients taking blood pressure medication with optimal results nonetheless deteriorated mentally considerably faster. Yet
37、no quality control system that I know of gives a doctor an approving pat on the head for taking a fragile older patient off meds. Not yet. at least. Someday, perhaps, not ordering and not prescribing will mark quality care as surely as ordering and prescribing do today. For the average healthy, happ
38、y adult, lets be honest: We really havent completely figured out why you are in the waiting room. And so we offer a luxuriant profusion of tests. 41 Which of the following can best serve as the title for the passage? （ A） Standardized Testing and Medical Tests （ B） The Doctor as a Slave to Tests （ C
39、） Psychic and Physical Damage Inflicted by Medical Tests （ D） Quality Care: Not Ordering and Not Prescribing Medical Tests 42 The clause “ours can be gamed“(para. 2)can best be paraphrased as_. （ A） our medication system can be out of order （ B） our education system can be disruptive （ C） our remune
40、ration system can be unjust and inequitable （ D） our medical test system can be defective 43 What does the sentence “It is all in the name of good and equitable health care, a laudable goal. “(para. 3)most probably imply? （ A） Medical tests are practised with imagined, unsubstantiated reasons. （ B）
41、Endless cycle of repeat testing helps confirm and treat diseases of patients. （ C） Medical tests are practised to promote fair health care of patients. （ D） Test-ordering behavior should be conducted with the consent of patients. 44 Which of the following will NOT be accepted by Dr. H. Gilbert Welch
42、? （ A） It is very difficult to determine the real quality of medicine. （ B） Medical tests do not necessarily make a healthy person healthier. （ C） Test-based systems are used mainly to evaluate doctors practice. （ D） Perfectly safe tests can be guaranteed not to do any damage to patients. 45 Which o
43、f the following is TRUE about the discussion of blood pressure medication? （ A） For older patients the medication should never be stopped. （ B） For nursing home residents taking blood pressure drugs, the death rates are lower than that of their peers. （ C） Dementia patients taking blood pressure dru
44、gs gained good results, however mental deterioration goes down more quickly. （ D） When blood pressure is managed, the drug benefits will not morph into harm. 45 I was in high school when I first fell for Gatsby, who turns 90 todayan “old sport“ by any measure. He was 50 even then, but he appeared to
45、 me as Robert Redford in a pink Ralph Lauren suit and those “shirts of sheer linen and thick silk and fine flannel“ that set Daisy sobbing. How could a Catholic-raised virgin resist that kind of bad boy: rich and handsome, with the best party house in town, even if he never did mingle? Gatsby seems
46、the kind of guy who would always have been popular. But the truth is more complicated. The Great Gatsby was published on April 10, 1925. Max Perkins, F. Scott Fitzgeralds editor, thought it a masterpiece. The then-29-year-oId Fitzgerald wrote of the novel before it was published, “It represents abou
47、t a years work and I think its about ten years better than anything Ive done. “ And it did receive some praise in its early days, for sure. The New York Times called it “a curious book, a mystical)glamorous story of today. “ But others werent enamored. The New York World ran a review under the headl
48、ine “F. Scott Fitzgeralds Latest a Dud“(ouch!), and Perkins wrote at the time that so many people attacked him over the book that he felt “bruised. “ Sales were lackluster too. The first printing of Fitzgeralds debut novel, This Side of Paradise, had sold out in days, and Scribners Sons went back to
49、 press 11 more times in two years to sell 50, 000 copies. His follow-up The Beautiful and the Damned also sold well enough to put 50,000 copies into print. But the 20,000-copy first run of The Great Gatsby was followed by a mere 3,000 second print run, and no third. Gatsby was never out of print in the years before he diedat age 44, 15 years after its publicationonly because Scribners still had unsold copies from the first two printings. In fall 1940, Fitzgerald,
