1、2016年 6月大学英语四级真题试卷（二）及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to one of your friends who helped you most when you were in difficulty. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Section A （ A） How college studen
2、ts can handle their psychological problems. （ B） Why college students are more likely to have stress problems. （ C） Why sufficient sleep is important for college students. （ D） How college students can improve their sleep habits. （ A） It is not easy to improve ones sleep habits. （ B） It is not good
3、for students to play video games. （ C） Making last-minute preparations for tests may be less effective than sleeping. （ D） Students who are better prepared generally get higher scores in examinations. （ A） Whether adequate investment is being made to improve airport facilities. （ B） Whether the Brit
4、ish Airports Authority should sell off some of its assets. （ C） Whether the Spanish company could offer better service. （ D） Whether more airports should be built around London. （ A） Poor ownership structure. （ B） Inefficient management. （ C） Lack of innovation and competition. （ D） Lack of runway a
5、nd terminal capacity. （ A） Study the effects of nicotine on young smokers. （ B） Set a limit to the production of their cigarettes. （ C） Take steps to reduce nicotine in their products. （ D） Report the nicotine content of their cigarettes. （ A） The biggest increase in nicotine content tended to be in
6、 brands young smokers like. （ B） Brands which contain higher nicotine content were found to be much more popular. （ C） Tobacco companies refused to discuss the detailed nicotine content of their products. （ D） Big tobacco companies were frank with their customers about the hazards of smoking. （ A） T
7、hey will pay more attention to the quality of their products. （ B） They were not prepared to comment on the cigarette study. （ C） They promised to reduce the nicotine content in cigarettes. （ D） They have not fully realized the harmful effect of nicotine. Section B （ A） Holland. （ B） Indonesia. （ C）
8、 England. （ D） Sweden. （ A） Talking with her boyfriend in Dutch. （ B） Getting a coach who can offer real help. （ C） Acquiring the necessary ability to socialize. （ D） Learning a language where it is not spoken. （ A） Practicing reading aloud as often as possible. （ B） Listening to language programs o
9、n the radio. （ C） Trying to speak it as much as one can. （ D） Making friends with native speakers. （ A） It provides opportunities for language practice. （ B） It trains young peoples leadership abilities. （ C） It offers various courses with credit points. （ D） It creates an environment for socializin
10、g. （ A） A sense of freedom driving gives. （ B） Rules and regulations for driving. （ C） The role policemen play in traffic safety. （ D） The impact of engine design on road safety. （ A） Make cars with automatic control. （ B） Make cars with higher standards. （ C） Make cars that are less powerful. （ D）
11、Make cars that have better brakes: （ A） They follow traffic rules closely. （ B） They keep within speed limits. （ C） They like to go at high speed. （ D） They tend to drive responsibly. （ A） It is a bad idea. （ B） It is as effective as speed bumps. （ C） It is not useful. （ D） It should be combined wit
12、h education. Section C （ A） The card got damaged. （ B） The card was found invalid. （ C） The card reader broke down unexpectedly. （ D） The card reader failed to do the scanning. （ A） By seeking help from the card reader maker Verifone. （ B） By covering the credit card with a layer of plastic. （ C） By
13、 calling the credit card company for confirmation. （ D） By typing the credit card number into the cash register. （ A） Produce many low-tech fixes for high-tech failures. （ B） Give birth to many new technological inventions. （ C） Change the lifestyle of many Americans. （ D） Affect the sales of high-t
14、ech appliances. （ A） They vary among different departments. （ B） They leave much room for improvement. （ C） They are determined by the advising board. （ D） They are set by the dean of the graduate school. （ A） By consulting the examining committee. （ B） By reading the Bulletin of Information. （ C） B
15、y visiting the universitys website. （ D） By contacting the departmental office. （ A） They are harder to meet than those for undergraduates. （ B） They specify the number of credits students must earn. （ C） They have to be approved by the examining committee. （ D） They are the same among various divis
16、ions of the university. （ A） Ph. D. candidates in dieting. （ B） Students majoring in nutrition. （ C） Students in health classes. （ D） Middle and high school teachers. （ A） Its overemphasis on thinness. （ B） Its changing criteria for beauty. （ C） Its mistaken conception of nutrition. （ D） Its overest
17、imate of the effect of dieting. （ A） To demonstrate the magic effect of dieting on women. （ B） To explain how computer images can be misleading. （ C） To prove that technology has impacted our culture. （ D） To illustrate her point that beauty is but skin deep. （ A） To help students rid themselves of
18、bad living habits. （ B） To establish an emotional connection with students. （ C） To promote her own concept of beauty. （ D） To persuade girls to stop dieting. Section A 26 Signs barring cell-phone use are a familiar sight to anyone who has ever sat in a hospital waiting room. But the【 C1】 _popularit
19、y of electronic medical records has forced hospital-based doctors to become【 C2】 _on computers throughout the day, and desktopswhich keep doctors from bedsides are【 C3】 _giving way to wireless devices. As clerical loads increased, “something had to【 C4】 _, and that was always face time with patients
20、,“ says Dr. Bhakti Patel, a former chief resident in the University of Chicagos internal-medicine program. In fall 2010, she helped【 C5】 _a pilot project in Chicago to see if the iPad could improve working conditions and patient care. The experiment was so【 C6】_that all internal-medicine residents a
21、t the university now get iPads when they begin the program. Johns Hopkins internal-medicine program adopted the same【 C7】 _in 2011. Medical schools at Yale and Stanford now have paperless, iPad-based curriculums. “Youll want an iPad just so you can wear this“ is the slogan for one of the new lab coa
22、ts【 C8】 _with large pockets to accommodate tablet computers. A study of the University of Chicago iPad project found that patients got tests and【 C9】_faster if they were cared for by iPad-equipped residents. Many patients also【 C10】_a better understanding of the illnesses that landed them in the hos
23、pital in the first place. A)dependent I)policy B)designed J)prospect C)fast K)rather D)flying L)reliable E)gained M)signal F)give N)successful G)growing O)treatments H)launch 27 【 C1】 28 【 C2】 29 【 C3】 30 【 C4】 31 【 C5】 32 【 C6】 33 【 C7】 34 【 C8】 35 【 C9】 36 【 C10】 Section B 36 Ancient Greek Wisdom
24、Inspires Guidelines to Good Life A)Is it possible to enjoy a peaceful life in a world that is increasingly challenged by threats and uncertainties from wars, terrorism, economic crises and a widespread outbreak of infectious diseases? The answer is yes, according to a new book The 10 Golden Rules: A
25、ncient Wisdom from the Greek Philosophers on Living a Good Life. The book is co-authored by Long Island Universitys philosophy professor Michael Soupios and economics professor Panos Mourdoukoutas. B)The wisdom of the ancient Greek philosophers is timeless, says Soupios. The philosophy professor say
26、s it is as relevant today as when it was first written many centuries ago. “There is no expiration(失效 )date on wisdom,“ he says. “There is no shelf life on intelligence. I think that things have become very gloomy these days, lots of misunderstanding, misleading cues, a lot of what the ancients woul
27、d have called sophistry(诡辩 ). The nice thing about ancient philosophy as offered by the Greeks is that they tended to see life clear and whole, in a way that we tend not to see life today. “ Examine your life C)Soupios, along with his co-author Panos Mourdoukoutas, developed their 10 golden rules by
28、 turning to the men behind that philosophyAristotle, Socrates, Epictetus and Pythagoras, among others. The first ruleexamine your lifeis the common thread that runs through the entire book. Soupios says that it is based on Platos observation that the unexamined life is not worth living. “ The Greeks
29、 are always concerned about boxing themselves in, in terms of convictions(信念 ),“ he says. “So take a step back, switch off the automatic pilot and actually stop and reflect about things like our priorities, our values, and our relationships. “ Stop worrying about what you can not control D)As we beg
30、in to examine our life, Soupios says, we come to Rule No. 2: Worry only about things that you can control. “The individual who promoted this idea was a Stoic philosopher. His name is Epictetus,“ he says. “ And what the Stoics say in general is simply this: There is a larger plan in life. You are not
31、 really going to be able to understand all of the dimensions of this plan. You are not going to be able to control the dimensions of this plan. “ E)So, Soupios explains, it is not worth it to waste our physical, intellectual and spiritual energy worrying about things that are beyond our control. “ I
32、 can not control whether or not I wind up getting the disease swine flu, for example,“ he says. “ I mean, there are some cautious steps I can take, but ultimately I can not guarantee myself that. So what Epictetus would say is sitting at home worrying about that would be wrong and wasteful and irrat
33、ional. You should live your life attempting to identify and control those things which you can genuinely control. “ Seek true pleasure F)To have a meaningful, happy life we need friends. But according to Aristotlea student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Greatmost relationships dont qualify as
34、 true friendships. “ Just because I have a business relationship with an individual and I can profit from that relationship, it does not necessarily mean that this person is my friend,“ Soupios says. “ Real friendship is when two individuals share the same soul. It is a beautiful and uncharacteristi
35、cally poetic image that Aristotle offers. “ G)In our pursuit of the good life, he says, it is important to seek out true pleasuresadvice which was originally offered by Epicurus. But unlike the modern definition of Epicureanism as a life of indulgence(放纵 )and luxury, for the ancient Greeks, it meant
36、 finding a state of calm, peace and mental ease. H)“This was the highest and most desirable form of pleasure and happiness for the ancient Epicureans,“ Soupios says. “ This is something that is very much well worth considering here in the modern era. I do not think that we spend nearly enough time t
37、rying to concentrate on achieving a sort of calmness, a sort of contentment in a mental and spiritual way, which was identified by these people as the highest form of happiness and pleasure. “ Do good to others I)Other golden rules counsel us to master ourselves, to avoid excess and not to be a pros
38、perous(发迹的 )fool. There are also rules dealing with interpersonal relationships: Be a responsible human being and do not do evil things to others. J)“This is Hesiod, of course, a younger contemporary poet, we believe, with Homer,“ Soupios says. “ Hesiod offers an ideawhich you very often find in som
39、e of the worlds great religions, in the Judeo-Christian tradition and in Islam and othersthat in some sense, when you hurt another human being, you hurt yourself. That damaging other people in your community and in your life, trashing relationships, results in a kind of self-inflicted(自己招致的 )spiritu
40、al wound. “ K)Instead, Soupios says, ancient wisdom urges us to do good. Golden Rule No. 10 for a good life is that kindness toward others tends to be rewarded. L)“This is Aesop, the fabulist(寓言家 ), the man of these charming little tales, often told in terms of animals and animal relationships,“ he
41、says. “ I think what Aesop was suggesting is that when you offer a good turn to another human being, one can hope that that good deed will come back and sort of pay a profit to you, the doer of the good deed. Even if there is no concrete benefit paid in response to your good deed, at the very least,
42、 the doer of the good deed has the opportunity to enjoy a kind of spiritually enlightened moment. “ M)Soupios says following the 10 Golden Rules based on ancient wisdom can guide us to the path of the good life where we stop living as onlookers and become engaged and happier human beings. And that,
43、he notes, is a life worth living. 37 According to an ancient Greek philosopher, it is impossible for us to understand every aspect of our life. 38 Ancient philosophers saw life in a different light from people of today. 39 Not all your business partners are your soul mates. 40 We can live a peaceful
44、 life despite the various challenges of the modern world. 41 The doer of a good deed can feel spiritually rewarded even when they gain no concrete benefits. 42 How to achieve mental calmness and contentment is well worth our consideration today. 43 Michael Soupios suggests that we should stop and th
45、ink carefully about our priorities in life. 44 Ancient philosophers strongly advise that we do good. 45 The wise teachings of ancient Greek thinkers are timeless, and are applicable to contemporary life. 46 Do harm to others and you do harm to yourself. Section C 46 Attitudes toward new technologies
46、 often fall along generational lines. That is, generally, younger people tend to outnumber older people on the front end of a technological shift. It is not always the case, though. When you look at attitudes toward driverless cars, there doesnt seem to be a clear generational divide. The public ove
47、rall is split on whether theyd like to use a driverless car. In a study last year, of all people surveyed, 48 percent said they wanted to ride in one, while 50 percent did not. The fact that attitudes toward self-driving cars appear to be so steady across generations suggests how transformative the
48、shift to driverless cars could be. Not everyone wants a driverless car nowand no one can get one yetbut among those who are open to them, every age group is similarly engaged. Actually, this isnt surprising. Whereas older generations are sometimes reluctant to adopt new technologies, driverless cars
49、 promise real value to these age groups in particular. Older adults, especially those with limited mobility or difficulty driving on their own, are one of the classic usecases for driverless cars. This is especially interesting when you consider that younger people are generally more interested in travel-related technologies than older ones. When it comes to driverless cars, differences in attitude are more pronounced based on factors not related to age. College graduates, for example, are particularly inte
