1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 201及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Why Women Are Less Likely Than Men to Commit Suicide It is generally held that women would seem to Be at
3、higher risk for suicide Because they suffer from depression at a much higher risk rate than men. But actually women commit suicide about【 1】 _as often 【 1】 _ as men. According the research of George E. Murphy, a professor of psychiatry at Washington University, women may be protected because of the
4、way they think about【 2】 _ and interact with others. 【 2】 _ Women like to discuss their feelings, seek feedback and take advice. They are much more likely to tell a physician or a psychiatrist how they feel and cooperate in the prescribed【 3】 _. As a result, 【 3】 _ women get better treatment for the
5、ir depression. There are roughly【 4】 _ suicides in the United States each 【 4】 _ year, and most of them are men. Although suicide rates are lower among women, at least 200,000 women are【 5】 _in suicide attempts 【 5】 _ annually. But Murphy points out that attempted suicide most often is not an attemp
6、t to actually end ones life. It is most often an effort to bring someones【 6】 _, dramatically, to a problem that the individual 【 6】 _ feels needs to be solved. Women are less inclined to commit suicide because their thinking is more【 7】 _While a man might tend to【 8】 _ aside 【 7】 _ seemingly less i
7、mportant issues to get to the core of a problem, a woman【 8】 _ might take more things into account. Shell consider not just her feelings but also the feelings of othersher【 9】 _, the children, even 【 9】 _ acquaintances, and how those people will be affected by a decision like suicide, etc. In genera
8、l, men believe they are supposed to be【 10】 _in 【 10】 _ all areas. Because they are not, they are at risk. Women, on the other hand, are much more likely to seek advice and take it. 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this sectio
9、n you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 This interview mainly
10、 talks about _. （ A） eliminating all excessive and unnecessary noise （ B） where industrial noise comes from （ C） how to protect yourselves from being hurt by noise （ D） how to complain when you suffer traffic noise 12 According to Mr. Cobble, which of noise affects most people in most countries? （ A
11、） industrial noise （ B） traffic noise （ C） air craft noise （ D） noise from children 13 Under the terms of the Noise Abatement Act, the Public Health Inspector should advise his council_. （ A） to sue the noise maker （ B） to arrest the noise maker （ C） to issue a notice （ D） to condemn the noise maker
12、 14 Which of the following is NOT under the terms of the Noise Abatement Act? （ A） Musical noise from the neighborhood. （ B） Noise from factories. （ C） Noise on campus. （ D） Air-craft noise. 15 Which of the following statement is NOT correct? （ A） An international association has been set up to take
13、 care of noise problem. （ B） Unlike other countries, Britain is a noise-conscious country. （ C） Noise abatement conferences are held throughout world. （ D） Traffic noise is not included in the terms of the Noise Abatement Act. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everyt
14、hing ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 How long did the talks between Iraqi officials and Gian Dan Perla last? （ A） Two days. （ B） Three lays. （ C） Four days. （ D） A week. 17 I
15、sraeli forces should be withdrawn from_. （ A） Palestine （ B） Arab （ C） Southern Lebanon （ D） Beirut 18 Where did British Foreign Secretary meet with Syrian president? （ A） Damascus. （ B） Lebanon. （ C） Beirut. （ D） Israel. 19 How did Sonny Bono die? （ A） His head was injured. （ B） He hit a tree. （ C）
16、 He was lost. （ D） He had a car accident. 20 Mr. Bono was all time following except_. （ A） a press secretary （ B） an entertainer （ C） a congressman （ D） a popular singer 20 A century ago, a cut or even a decayed tooth were causes for alarm, as they could lead to pneumonia, against which doctors coul
17、d only offer home-made cures, crude surgery or, finally, their prayers. Today, these perils have been stopped by the medical weapons of 20th centuryand as a result, man has the potential for living longer than at any time in history. In the past 100 years, the life expectancy in a developed country
18、has almost doubled. Researchers believe the millennium will usher in Century of Biotechnology, as computing power and knowledge of the genetic code come together. Here are come of the biggest developments in medicine that can be expected over the next quarter-century. 1. Diagnosing ailments will be
19、simpler, faster, more accurate and cheaper, using noninvasive scanners, teleconferencing and the Internet. Farther down the trackperhaps 10 15 yearsare biochips, which will monitor your DNA and analyze it for genetic anomalies that could bring you fatal diseases or have and adverse reaction to certa
20、in drugs. You could then make lifestyle changes enabling you to avoid exposure to conditions or substances known to trigger the disease. 2. Advances in molecular biology mean that scientists now know more than ever about the genetic causes of disease and how to garget them. Over the next decade or s
21、o, enzyme inhibitors and gene therapy will make great inroads against different kinds of cancer, heart disease and even brain diseases such as Alzheimers. The surgeon of the future may look back on the present ear with the same sense of distaste as his present counterpart views the blood-soaked sawb
22、ones of the 19th century. In the coming decades, surgery will be carried out only as a last resort and as minimally as possible. Robots will help perform long or tricky operations such as organ transplants. Nano-probes may be used to clear the arteries free of dangerous plaque build-ups. Another pos
23、sibility: microchip implants and transplants into the central nervous system to help treat disease like brain tumors, epilepsy, movement disorders and stroke. 3. Outbreaks of disease that previously were localized have the ability to spread quickly, thanks to modern jet travel; a person incubating a
24、 new strain of flu in one continent can take it to another in a matter of hours. In addition, feeding and housing a population of six billion has brought Man into closer and closer proximity to animals and rain forests, exposing humans to viruses that “leap“ the species barrier, such as mad-cow dise
25、ase and hemorrhagic fever. On the hand, microbiology and epidemiology are so advanced that scientists can now quickly spot a new disease (AIDS was detected only three years after it was fist identified) and find out how it is transmitted. This can help in the development of preventative measures, al
26、though finding a cure or a vaccine are different matters, as the elusive search for a “silver bullet“ against AIDS has shown. In wealthy western countries, the risk to life may be lifestyle. Obesity and depression, caused by excessive eating, loneliness and alienation, may become the twin biggest ca
27、uses of death. (518 words) 21 What can we learn from the third paragraph? （ A） Non-invasive scanners, teleconferencing and Internet will become the only tools in diagnostics. （ B） People can recover from their diseases by changing their lifestyle. （ C） Fatal diseases brought by genetic anomalies can
28、 be avoided by using biochips. （ D） Individual adverse reactions to certain drugs are predetermined by genes. 22 According to the passage, in the gist century, robots may be able to _. （ A） make more accurate diagnoses （ B） perform intricate operations （ C） monitor peoples DNA （ D） treat diseases li
29、ke brain tumors, epilepsy, movement disorders and stroke 23 The author believes that outbreaks of diseases that used to be confined within a certain region will spread quickly because _. （ A） modern forms of transportation bring people from different places into contact very quickly （ B） the disease
30、s are not spotted quickly enough （ C） finding a vaccine against this disease would be difficult （ D） people are not immune to diseases from another geographical area 24 Why does the author mention the discovery of AIDS in the last paragraph? （ A） To give an example of an incurable disease. （ B） To i
31、llustrate the importance of preventative methods. （ C） To exemplify a disease prevalent in the wealthy nations. （ D） To use it s comparison to quickly spotted diseases. 24 Mental health professional may be surprised to discover how much is happening online today in the healthcare field. Working clos
32、ely with dozens of online discussions with hundred of others, I believe I have a pretty good idea of whats going on and what is in store for us professionals and leading online mental health issues of interest. For the most part, behavioral healthcare professionals continue to use the online world l
33、ike most people doto exchange information and communicate with one another. This hasnt changed all that much since I got on the Internet in 1991 and isnt likely to change much in upcoming years. What will change are the exact mechanisms and technologies used to access online services. Right now, onl
34、ine communities and discussion forums remain by far the most popular areas for professional to enjoy. Behavior OnLine, you know so well, is one of the leaders in this area and continues to be a shining example of how to build a solid, high-quality professional community online. In the upcoming month
35、s, Behavior OnLine will be improving its discussion forum interface, adding regular real-time hat events, and implementing another quality-enhancing features which will greatly add to your experience as a member. Mailing lists remain popular with professionals online as well, usually because of thei
36、r increased privacy and stability. For instance, one of the mailing lists I host, Psychology of the Internet: Research today we arrest 1.6 million people a year for drug offenses. Yet we still have a drug problem. Should we continue until the federal government spends 40 billion and arrests 3.2 mill
37、ion people a year for drugs? What about 80 billion and 6.4 million arrests? The logical conclusion of this is that well be spending the entire gross national product on drug-law enforcement and still not be addressing our drug problem. I believe the costs outweigh the benefits. In New Mexico, the co
38、st to the state of treating drug use as a crime is over 43 million per year and this does not even include local and federal expenditures, which nearly triple that number. Over hair of that money goes to corrections costs. Yet despite this outlay, New Mexico has one of the highest rates of drug-rela
39、ted crime and one of the highest heroin-usage rates in the nation. Our results dictate that our money be spent another way. Thats why I have called for a reevaluation of my states current drug strategies, and we have begun to make great progress in this area. A study by the RAND Corporation shows th
40、at every dollar spent on treatment instead of imprisonment saves 7 in state costs. Treatment is significantly more effective at reducing drug use than jail and prison. I believe the most cost-effective way to deal with nonviolent drug users would be to stop prosecuting them, and instead to make an e
41、ffective spectrum of treatment services available to those who request it. I propose a new bottom line for evaluating our success. Currently, our government measures the success of our drug policies by whether drug use went up or down, or whether seizures went up or down, or how many acres of coca w
42、e eradicated in South America. These are absolutely the wrong criteria. Instead of asking how many people smoked marijuana last year, we should ask if drug-related crime went up or down. Instead of asking how many people did heroin last year, we should ask whether heroin overdoses went up or down. W
43、e should ask if public nuisances associated with drug use and dealing went up or down. In short, we should be trying to reduce the harm caused by and suffered by drug users, instead of simply trying to lock them all up. A drug policy that has these questions in mind would be much more sensible, prag
44、matic, and cost-effective than our current one. We need to reform our drug policies. The goal should be to help those addicted to drugs to find a better way. The answer is not imprisonment and legal attack. The answer lies in sentencing reform, in supplying treatment on demand, and in delivering hon
45、est drug education to our kids. We need policies that reflect what we know about drug addiction rather than policies that seek to punish it. The days of a drug war waged against our people should come to an end. If we take a new approachone that deals with drugs through a medical model rather than a
46、 criminal justice modelI guarantee that prison rates will drop, violent crime will decrease, property crime will decrease, overdose deaths will decrease, AIDS and hepatitis C will decrease, and more of those needing treatment for drug abuse will receive it. If we take these and other “harm reduction
47、“ approaches toward drug use, we will spend many times less than what we currently spend on the drug war, and the benefit will be a society with less death, disease, crime, suffering, and imprisonment. By any measure, thats a more sensible investment. (899 words) 29 According to the author, the war
48、on drugs is no success story simply because _. （ A） people are addicted to drugs （ B） drugs become easier to get （ C） much money has been spent with no effect （ D） more arrests have been done 30 Which of the following statements do you think that the author would agree to? （ A） The drug policies sho
49、uld be reconsidered and rectified. （ B） The federal government should conduct more researches. （ C） Almost half of the nonviolent drug users should be set free. （ D） The evaluation standards should be more realistic and feasible. 31 What is the best solution to the drug problem the author has proposed? （ A） Providing treatment for drug users. （ B） Adopting “harm reduction“ measures. （ C） Approach
