1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 265 及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture
2、. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Educational Values During the first week at North American universities, students must do a few things i
3、n preparation, so life is rather【 1】 for them. For a foreign student, they are even busier in adjusting themselves to a new educational system. At a North American university, one course is【 2】 different from another. Each professor has his or her preterred teaching method, and the curriculum used i
4、s often non-standardized. Most courses offered at North American universities require active【 3】 . They are frequently designed to include a large amount of discussion. In some graduate courses, the students often take on the traditional role of a teacher, while the professor acts only as a【 4】 . Ma
5、ny teachers hold that a relaxed classroom provides an excellent learning environment. It is common for professors to treat their students as【 5】 . Such teachers are still respected by students and still hold a position of【 6】 in classroom. Professors often have different levels of relationships with
6、 their students besides simply that of teachers. Students are expected to be responsible for their own learning. They are encouraged to learn for the sake of learning. Students will complete teachers assignments independently with【 7】 assistance. They should take the【 8】 to go to the library and dis
7、cover all the resources available. The “honor system“ demands【 9】 on all students. Any kind of cheating is unacceptable. There is both a cooperative and competitive, spirit among students. They are willing to help others in non-academic activities, but for these courses where their performance is gr
8、aded, they are more【 10】 in the amount of help they give their classmates. 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions
9、 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 If one does not work out regularly, he may_. （ A） easily catch a cold （ B） easily get tired （ C） easily get anxious （ D） feel de
10、pressed 12 Cardiovascular exercise helps _. （ A） one to work more efficiently （ B） to promote a strong heart （ C） to lose weight （ D） one to sleep better 13 It seems that physical activities inevitably _, which improves fitness. （ A） burn calories （ B） build muscles （ C） relieve back pains （ D） redu
11、ce high blood pressure 14 Which of the following may count as deliberate workout? （ A） Housework. （ B） Lawn-mowing. （ C） Table tennis. （ D） Out-of-the-gym activities. 15 The greatest benefit one can get from exercise is when _. （ A） the workout involve various jumps （ B） one does not use an elevator
12、 but climbs stairs （ C） one walks to run most of the errands （ D） one switches from being inactive to active SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be
13、given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 If Quebec was separated from Canada, the two pacts with US _. （ A） should remain effective （ B） should be abolished （ C） should be discussed again （ D） should be supplemented 17 The US border with Canada is the _ in tile world. （ A） longest defended borde
14、r （ B） longest undefended border （ C） longest undefined border （ D） longest coastal border 18 Which of the following is NOT true? （ A） In the days before the vote, the Clinton Administration had been careful to describe the referendum as an internal matter. （ B） It is critical for the United States
15、to have a stable northern neighbor. （ C） Mr. Clinton discussed the outcome of the referendum Tuesday with Canadian Prime Minister. （ D） Both pacts will be discussed further with united Canada. 19 The news from China tells us that _. （ A） at least eighty-one people have been killed by flooding （ B） a
16、 dangerous goods warehouse has been damaged by fire （ C） many killed were unable to leave the building （ D） the fire in a handicraft factory in southern China is striking 20 The recent fire-related accidents were caused by _. （ A） strong win every word could be heard all over the Library above a ste
17、ady seething sound coming from her electric fan; it was the only fan in the Library and stood on her desk, turned directly onto her streaming face. As you came in from the bright outside, if you were a girl, she sent her strong eyes down the stairway to test you; if she could see through your skirt,
18、 she sent you straight back home: you could just put on another petticoat if you wanted a book that badly from the public library. I was willing; I would do anything to read. My mother was not afraid of Mrs. Calloway. She wished me to have my own library card to check out books for myself. She took
19、me in to introduce me and I saw I had met a witch. “Eudora is nine years old and has my permission to read any book she wants from the shelves, children or adult,“ Mother said. Mrs. Calloway made her own rules about books. You could not take back a book to the Library on the same day youd taken it o
20、ut; it made no difference to her that youd read every word in it and needed another to start. You could take out two books at a time and two only; this applied as long as you were a child and also for the rest of your life, to my mother as severely as to me. So two by two, I read library books as fa
21、st as I could go, rushing them home in the basket of my bicycle. From the minute I reached our house, I started to read. Every book I seized on, from Bunny Brown and His Sister Sue at Camp Rest-A-While to Twenty Thousand Leagues under the Sea, stood for the devouring wish to read being instantly gra
22、nted. I knew this was bliss, knew it at the time. Taste isnt nearly so important; it comes in its own time. I wanted to read immediately. The only fear was that-there would be no more books left. My mother share this feeling of insatiability. Now, I remember her reading so much of the time while doi
23、ng something else. In my minds eye, The Origin of Species is lying on the shelf in the pantry under a light dusting of flour-my mother was a bread maker; shed pick it up, sit by the kitchen window and find her place, with one eye on the oven. I remember her picking up The Man in Lower Ten, while my
24、hair got dry enough to unroll from a load of kid curlers trying to make me like my idol, Mary Pick ford. A generation later, when my brother Walter was away in the Navy and his two little girls often spent the day in our house, I remember Mother reading the new issue of Time magazine while taking th
25、e part of the Wolf in a game of “Little Red Riding Hood“ with the children. Shed just look up at the right time, long enough to answer-in character-“The better to eat you with, my dear,“ and go back to her place in the war news. 21 What description best fits Mrs. Calloway, as the author perceived he
26、r? （ A） A warm-hearted person. （ B） An awesome person. （ C） A substitute mother. （ D） A tutor. 22 Which of the following was a rule in Mrs. Calloways library? （ A） Children could check out only two books at a time, but adults could take four books. （ B） Children and adults could check out only four
27、books at a time. （ C） Children and adults could check out only two books at a time. （ D） Children could check out books only when accompanied by an adult. 23 The authors attitude toward reading was probably influenced most strongly by the fact that_. （ A） her mother loved to read: （ B） her house was
28、 located near the library （ C） she liked going to the library （ D） she liked the librarian 23 When a Massachusetts biotech company recently declared that its researchers had cloned human embryos, it conjured up scary images for many people: bad science-fiction movies, Hitlers twisted ambitions, rows
29、 and rows of identical humans. But, like most things in life, the truth is a lot more complicated, more subtle. The announcement drew a storm of criticism. Ethicists, religious leaders and US President Bush denounced Advanced Cell Technology for going too far. Scientists charged that the experiment
30、was hyped and called it a failure. The news put a spotlight on the field of cloning, from work with animals to researchers efforts to use cloning to create tissues for people suffering from debilitating and fatal diseases. At its most basic level, cloning means creating copies, and in many ways, clo
31、ning has been around a long time. When someone cuts a shoot off a green spider plant and re-pots it, that person is creating a clone. Scientists clone or copy genetic material, or DNA, to match suspects to crimes. By copying cells, researchers have been able to create and test drugs. Scientists even
32、 use cloning techniques to create copies of the human gene for insulin to help make insulin for people with diabetes. “Cloning per se is not bad. The ability to clone and make lots of copies of DNA molecules and cells is part of the entire biological revolution and all sorts of good stuff,“ sags Lar
33、ry Goldstein, professor of cellular medicine at the University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine. Cloning a whole animal or a human being, however, is a much more difficult proposition, even without considering the moral implications. The basic method sounds deceptively simple. Scientists
34、 allow an egg to mature in a culture dish. They strip out the genetic material from this egg. Then they insert the genetic material of a separate cell, an adult cell. Next, using a chemical mixture or electrical stimulation, researchers trick the egg into thinking it has been fertilised by sperm. Th
35、is will activate the cell to start dividing. Essentially, scientists are trying to reprogramme the egg to create a new organism. Its an excruciatingly difficult process. During the past several years, scientists around the world have used this method to clone animals. Theyve created about a half-doz
36、en different species, including the famous first sheep, Dolly, along with cows, mice, goats and pigs. Experts say these cloned animals could offer a great deal, from herds that produce more milk, to genetically modified animal organs that could be used for transplantation in humans, and even to catt
37、le that lack the gene that makes them susceptible to mad cow disease. But it has been a tough process. For each species, scientists have had to work out subtle variations on the basic cloning steps, including how to treat the donor cell and what type of stimulation to use to spark the egg to start d
38、ividing. Still, fewer than 1% of these cloned embryos produce live offspring. Even those born alive have abnormalities-some become obese very quickly, some suffer neonatal respiratory failure. Those that die do so suddenly, and scientists cant figure out why. There is no consensus about what is goin
39、g wrong in these experiments or why, except that something must be awry in the genetic reprogramming. But almost all scientists agree that aside from the moral debate, cloning hasnt been perfected enough to try in humans. 24 Professor Larry Goldstein may agree on all of the following statements EXCE
40、PT_. （ A） we need to make good use of cloning （ B） we need to incorporate cloning into the biological revolution （ C） cloning is not intrinsically good or had （ D） the ability to clone can offer us exclusively good stuff 25 In the process of cloning, what ultimately activates the cell to start divid
41、ing? （ A） An adult cell inserted into an egg. （ B） An electronic stimulation. （ C） An artificially fertilised egg. （ D） Another donor cell. 26 Why is it likely for those cloned animals born alive to have abnormalities? （ A） Scientists havent got the faintest idea at all. （ B） Scientists havent resea
42、rched into the cause. （ C） Scientists speculate that there must be something wrong in the genetic reprogramming. （ D） Scientists calculate that those animals are susceptible to diseases. 27 It is implied that cloning draws fierce criticism from ethicists, religious leaders and US President Bush beca
43、use_. （ A） it is conceptually hyped （ B） it is morally controversial （ C） it is extremely difficult （ D） it is not scientifically viable 27 Suppose you are driving off a highway with three lanes going in your direction and you come upon a tell plaza with. six toll booths. Three toll booths are strai
44、ght ahead in the three lanes of traffic, and the three other booths are off to the right. Which lane should you choose? It is usually the case that the wait time is approximately the same no matter what you do. There are usually enough people searching for the shortest line so as to make all the lin
45、es about the same length. If one line is much shorter than the others, cars will quickly move into it until the lines are equalised. There are usually enough drivers searching for the fastest line to equalise the average wait time. The term profit in economics has a very precise meaning. Economists,
46、 however, often loosely refer to “good deals“ or profitable ventures with no risk as profit opportunities. Using the term loosely, a profit opportunity exists at the toll booths if one line is shorter than the others. The general view of economics is that profit opportunities are rare. At any one ti
47、me there are many people searching for such opportunities, and as a consequence few exist. At toll booths it is seldom the case that one line is substantially shorter than the others. Another example of a possible profit opportunity is the following. At major banks in big cities, you can buy foreign
48、 currencies. The prices of these currencies are determined in world money markets. Lets concentrate on the US dollar, the German mark, and the French franc. With dollars we can buy marks; with these marks we can buy francs; and with these francs we can buy back dollars. Can we make money on this tra
49、nsaction? In other words, can the prices be such that we end up with more dollars at the end than we started with? If this is possible, we say that there are profit opportunities in the market. There are in fact almost never any profit opportunities of this kind in foreign currency markets. There are always individuals looking for such opportunities, and if any opportunity does arise it is quickly eliminated. If, for example, the mark-franc price is too low with respect to the other prices, there i
