1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 319及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 .Urban problems 1)problems to both developed and developing countries, like 【 1】 _ etc. 2)problems peculi
3、ar to developing countries: the need to create 【 2】 _. . Main consequences of uncontrolled urbanization 1)【 3】 _ of people from the country to the city 2)【 4】 _of rural areas 3)urban population 【 5】 _ 4)pressure on the supply of social services in urban areas - health: 【 6】 _ made worse by overcrowd
4、ing people from the country to the city - education: need for more schools and 【 7】 _ 5)an excess of labor supply, which in turn leads to 【 8】 _ activities . Policies to stem uncontrolled urbanization in developing countries 1)to promote a more equal 【 9】 _ 2)to improve the supply of social services
5、 in the rural areas, particularly in health and education 3)to give 【 10】 _ to agriculture, especially to small land owners 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and
6、 then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 Whether you keep all the receipts in a shoe box or use online banking, you shou
7、ld be clear about （ A） the safety of the trading process. （ B） how to make the most money. （ C） each sum you have earned and spent. （ D） your ability to make major purchases. 12 Why do couples need a separate account? （ A） For small purchases. （ B） For major purchases. （ C） For household expenses. （
8、 D） For mortgage payment. 13 Which of the following is NOT Sharons advice on checking your credit scores? （ A） Keep a copy of your credit report. （ B） Show your partner the credit report. （ C） Try to know your credit score. （ D） Lock your credit report away. 14 How does Sharon describe “money date“?
9、 （ A） Its relaxing. （ B） Its unromantic. （ C） Its painful. （ D） Its devastating. 15 To find a reliable financial adviser, you have to do all the following EXCEPT （ A） search his information on some websites. （ B） see how your friends comment on him. （ C） make sure hes always done a good job. （ D） te
10、ll him that you have high credit record. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 The following are the d
11、ecisions made by European Union on Wednesday EXCEPT that _. （ A） Microsoft should put an end to its business in Europe （ B） Microsoft should pay about six hundred million dollars （ C） Microsoft should give information about its Windows system （ D） Microsoft should make another version of Windows wit
12、hout using its own software 17 What percentage does Microsoft account for in the software for personal computers in the world? （ A） 19%. （ B） 90%. （ C） 40%. （ D） 70%. 18 Whats Microsofts reaction to the decision made by E. U. ? （ A） Microsoft did not take it seriously. （ B） Microsoft was opposed to
13、the decision. （ C） Microsoft decided to do as E. U. required. （ D） Microsoft accepted the decision but did not take any measures. 19 The Group of Seven finance ministers regularly meet to _. （ A） discuss how to promote international economic growth （ B） set policy direction for International Monetar
14、y Fund （ C） talk about how to meet the challenges posed by globalization （ D） discuss how to control production 20 Canadas finance minister was concerned about _. （ A） the impact of globalization （ B） the impact of U. S. budget deficit （ C） the rise of unemployment rate in China （ D） the debt relief
15、 of the poor countries 20 If you want to see what it takes to set up an entirely new financial center (and what is best avoided), head for Dubai. This flay, sun-baked patch of sand in the midst of a war-tom and isolated region started with few advantages other than a long tradition as a hub for Midd
16、le Eastern trade mutes. But over the past few years Dubai has built a new financial center from nothing. Dozens of the worlds leading financial institutions have opened offices in its new financial district, hoping to grab a portion of the $2 trillion-plus investment from the Gulf. Some say there is
17、 more hype than business, but few big firms m willing to risk missing out. Dealmaking in Dubai centers around The Gate, a cube-shaped structure at the heart of the Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC). A brainchild of the ruling Al-Maktoum family, the DIFC is a tax-free zone for wholesale fin
18、ancial services. Firms licensed for it are not approved to serve the local financial market. The DIFC aims to become the leading wholesale financial centre in the Gulf, offering one-stop shopping for everything from stocks to sukuk (Islamic) bonds, investment banking and insurance. In August the Dub
19、ai bourse made a bid for a big stake in OMX, a Scandinavian exchange operator that also sells trading technology to many of the worlds exchanges. Dubai may have generated the biggest splash thus far, but much of the Gulf region has seen a surge of activity in recent years. Record flows of petrodolla
20、rs have enabled governments in the area to spend billions on infrastructure projects and development. Personal wealth too is growing rapidly. According to Capgemini and Merrill Lynch, the number of people in the Middle East with more than $1m in financial assets rose by nearly 12% last year, to 300,
21、000. Qatar, Bahrain and Abu Dhabi also have big aspirations for their financial hubs, though they keep a lower profile than Dubai. They, too, are trying to learn from more established financial centers what they must do to achieve the magic mix of transparent regulation, good infrastructure and low
22、or no taxes. Some of the fiercest competition among them is for talent. Most English-speaking professionals have to be imported. Each of the Gulf hubs, though, has its own distinct characteristics. Abu Dhabi is trying to present itself as a more cultured, less congested alternative to neighboring Du
23、bai, and is building a huge Guggenheim museum. Energy-rich Qatar is an important hub for infrastructure finance, with ambitions to develop further business in wealth management, private equity, retail banking and insurance. Bahrain is well established in Islamic banking, but it is facing new competi
24、tion from London, Kuala Lumpur and other hubs that have caught on to Islamic finance. “If youve got one siring to your bow and suddenly someone takes it away, youre in trouble,“ says Stuart Pearce of the Qatar Financial Centre about Bahrain Saudi Arabia, by far the biggest economy in the Gulf, is cr
25、eating a cluster of its own economic zones, including King Abdullah City, which is aimed at foreign investors seeking a presence in the country. Trying to cut down on the number of “suitcase bankers“ who fly in from nearby centers rather than live in the country, the Saudis now require firms working
26、 with them to have local business licenses. Yet the bulk of the regions money is still flowing to established financial centers in Europe, America and other parts of Asia. The financial hubs there offer lessons for aspiring centers in other parts of the developing world. Building the confidence of f
27、inancial markets takes more than new skyscrapers, tax breaks and incentives. The DIFC, for instance, initially suffered from suspicions of government meddling and from a high turnover among senior executives. Trading on its stock market remains thin, and the government seems unwilling to float its m
28、ost successful companies there. Making the desert bloom was never easy. 21 According to the passage, Dubai has built a new financial center （ A） because of its innate advantages over other countries. （ B） thanks to the $2 trillion-plus investment from the Gulf. （ C） from its past tradition as a trad
29、e center in the Gulf. （ D） for its a war-tom and isolated region in the world. 22 According to the passage, which of the following about Dubai is INCORRECT? （ A） It enjoys record flows of petrodollars. （ B） Personal wealth too is growing rapidly. （ C） It is the biggest economy in the Gulf. （ D） Bill
30、ions are spent on infrastructure. 23 The fiercest competition among the countries aspiring for their financial hubs is （ A） regulation. （ B） infrastructure. （ C） tax. （ D） talent. 24 Which of the following is NOT true about Saudi Arabia? （ A） It is building a cluster of its own economic zones. （ B）
31、It is trying to decrease the number of “suitcase bankers“. （ C） It is very strict about granting local business licenses. （ D） It cant attract the bulk of the regions money to flow in. 25 By saying “making the desert bloom was never easy“ in the last paragraph, the author means （ A） new skyscrapers
32、need to be built to guarantee the confidence of financial markets. （ B） cutting on taxes and giving more incentives brings the confidence of financial markets. （ C） the government is trying to bring the confidence of financial markets down. （ D） it takes great efforts to build the confidence and pro
33、sperity of financial markets. 25 Most people have experienced the feeling, after a taxing mental work-out, that they cannot be bothered to make any more decisions. If they are forced to, they may do so intuitively, rather than by reasoning. Such apathy is of ten put down to tiredness; but a study pu
34、blished recently in Psychological Science suggests there may be more to it than that. Whether reason or intuition is used may depend simply on the decision-makers blood-sugar levelwhich is, itself, affected by the process of reasoning. E.J. Masicampo and Roy Baumeister of Florida State University di
35、scovered this by doing some experiments on that most popular of laboratory animals, the impoverished undergraduate. They asked 121 psychology students who had volunteered for the experiment to watch a silent video of a woman being interviewed that had random words appearing in bold black letters eve
36、ry ten seconds along the perimeter of the video. This was the part of the experiment intended to be mentally taxing. Half of the students were told to focus on the woman, to try to understand what she was saying, and to ignore the words along the perimeter. The other half were given no instructions.
37、 Those that had to focus were exerting considerable serf-control not to look at the random words. When the video was over, haft of each group was given a glass of lemonade with sugar in it and half was given a glass of lemonade with sugar substitute. Twelve minutes later, when the glucose from the l
38、emonade with sugar in it had had time to enter the students blood, the researchers administered a decision-making task that was designed to determine if the participant was using intuition or reason to make up his mind. The students were asked to think about where they wanted to live in the coming y
39、ear and given three accommodation options that varied both in size and distance from the university campus. Two of the options were good, but in different ways: one was far from the campus, but very large; the other was close to campus, but smaller. The third option was a decoy, similar to ope of th
40、e good options, but obviously not quite as good. ff it was close to campus and small, it was not quite as close as the good close option and slightly smaller, if it was far from campus and large, it was slightly smaller than the good large option and slightly farther away. Psychologists have known f
41、or a long time that having a decoy option in a decision-making task draws people to choose a reasonable option that is similar to the decoy. Dr. Masicampo and Dr. Baumeister suspected that students who had been asked to work hard during the video and then been given a drink without any sugar in it w
42、ould be more likely to rely on intuition when making this decision than those from the other three groups. And that is what happened; 64% of them were swayed by the decoy. Those who had either not had to exert mental energy during the showing of the video or had been given glucose in their lemonade,
43、 used mason in their decision-making task and were less likely to be swayed by the decoy. It is not clear why intuition is independent of glucose. It could be that humans inherited a default nervous system from other mammals that was similar to intuition, and that could make snap decisions about whe
44、ther to fight or flee regardless of how much glucose was in the body. Whatever the reason, the upshot seems to be that thinking is, indeed, hard work. And important decisions should not be made on an empty stomach. 26 The word “taxing“ in the fast paragraph means （ A） tiring. （ B） imposing taxation.
45、 （ C） paying taxation. （ D） relaxing. 27 In E. J. Masicampo and Roy Baumeisters study, about students who received no instructions in the video watching were given a glass of lemonade with sugar in it. （ A） 121 （ B） 60 （ C） 30 （ D） 15 28 Which group of students tended to be swayed by the decoy, acco
46、rding to the study? （ A） The no-watching-instructions group that had been given glucose in their lemonade. （ B） The no-watching-instructions group having been given sugar substitute in their lemonade. （ C） The mental-energy-exerting group that had been given glucose in their lemonade. （ D） The menta
47、l-energy-exerting group that had been given sugar substitute in their lemonade. 29 Which of the following is NOT true, according to the study? （ A） Peoples blood-sugar level is affected by the process of reasoning. （ B） Whether people resort to reasoning or intuition may depend on their blood-sugar
48、level. （ C） Both reasoning and intuition are certainly affected by peoples blood-sugar level. （ D） It is not wise to make important decisions when one is hungry. 30 The last paragraph suggests that （ A） people are not able to make important decisions when hungry. （ B） decisions made on an empty stom
49、ach may be unreasonable. （ C） people are less intelligent when they are hungry. （ D） people are more intelligent when they are hungry. 30 Considering how jazz is transcribed in Chinese (jueshi), you may be misled into assuming that it is an aristocratic cultural form. Nothing could be further from the troth. It originated among black Americans at the end of the 19th century, at a time when they occupied the very bottom of the American social heap. So how has something that was created by a onc
