1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 870及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you
2、 fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 Writing a Research Paper I. Research Paper and Ordinary Essay A. Similarity in【 T1】 _:【 T1】 _ e.g. choosing a topic asking questio
3、ns 【 T2】 _the audience【 T2】 _ B. Difference mainly in terms of【 T3】 _【 T3】 _ 1. research paper: printed sources 2. ordinary essay: ideas in ones【 T4】 _【 T4】 _ II. Types and Characteristics of Research Papers A. Number of basic types: two B. Characteristics: 1. survey-type paper to gather【 T5】 _【 T5】
4、 _ to【 T6】 _【 T6】 _ to【 T7】 _【 T7】 _ to paraphrase The writer should be【 T8】 _.【 T8】 _ 2. argumentative(research)paper: a. The writer should do more, e.g. to【 T9】 _【 T9】 _ to question, etc. b.【 T10】 _varies with the topic, e.g.【 T10】 _ to recommend an action, etc. III. How to Choose a Topic for a Re
5、search Paper In choosing a topic, it is important to【 T11】 _.【 T11】 _ Question No. 1: your【 T12】 _ with the topic【 T12】 _ Question No. 2:【 T13】 _ of relevant information on【 T13】 _ the chosen topic Question No. 3: narrowing the topic down to【 T14】 _【 T14】 _ Question No. 4: asking questions about【 T1
6、5】 _【 T15】 _ The questions help us to work our way into the topic and discover its possibilities. 1 【 T1】 2 【 T2】 3 【 T3】 4 【 T4】 5 【 T5】 6 【 T6】 7 【 T7】 8 【 T8】 9 【 T9】 10 【 T10】 11 【 T11】 12 【 T12】 13 【 T13】 14 【 T14】 15 【 T15】 SECTION B INTERVIEW In this section you will hear ONE interview. The i
7、nterview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A , B , C and
8、 D , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions. （ A） Because he needs help for a survey on smokers habits. （ B） Because he wants to give the woman a helping hand. （ C） Because he cant find his way to a cigarette shop. （ D） Because
9、 he wants to distribute leaflets to the woman. （ A） Time of smoking. （ B） Quantity of cigarettes. （ C） Frequency of smoking. （ D） Types of cigarettes. （ A） Self-composed. （ B） Silent. （ C） Intense. （ D） Ambitious. （ A） 23. （ B） 32. （ C） 17. （ D） 22. （ A） Because she was saving up. （ B） Because she w
10、as pregnant. （ C） Because her husband advised her to do so. （ D） Because she fell ill because of smoking. （ A） It was because the first time wasnt a success. （ B） This second time was for her unborn baby. （ C） She wanted to set a good example for her husband. （ D） She was forced to do so by financia
11、l troubles. （ A） Sitting watching TV. （ B） Reading a book. （ C） Staying alone. （ D） Gathering with friends. （ A） Watching TV. （ B） Gathering with friends. （ C） Doing chores. （ D） Reading a book. （ A） Buying some books. （ B） Preparing for lunch. （ C） Meeting with friends. （ D） Going to her company. （
12、 A） It makes her excitable. （ B） It keeps her awake. （ C） She cant say for sure. （ D） She becomes sad. SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS In this section there are several passages followed by fourteen multiple-choice questions. For each multiple-choice question, there are four suggested answers ma
13、rked A , B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. 25 (1)Adopted at birth by a family of Jehovahs Witnesses, I was asked from an early age to behave as much like an adult as possible. Three times a week in the Kingdom Hall in Miami, my brother and I strove to sit perfectly still
14、in our chairs. Our mother carried a wooden spoon in her purse and was quick to take us outside for beatings if we fidgeted. (2)At 5, I sat onstage in the Kingdom Hall in Surrey, England, where my fathers job had taken us. Nervously pushing my memorized lines into the microphone, I faced my mother, w
15、ho was seated across from me. We were demonstrating for the congregation exactly how a Bible study with a “worldly“ person, or non-Witness, should go. (3)I had played the householder before the person who answered the door. That was easy: you just asked questions that showed you didnt know the Truth
16、. Portraying the Witness was harder you had to produce the right Scripture to answer any questions the householder might ask. (4)But we had written our parts on index cards and rehearsed repeatedly at home. I was well dressed and shining clean. I said my lines flawlessly and gave looks of concern at
17、 the right times. Finally, the householder agreed with everything I had said: her way of life was wicked, and the Bible clearly proved that Jehovahs Witnesses were the only true Christians who would be saved at Armageddon. Her look was grateful. Then she smiled, becoming my mother again. Everyone cl
18、apped, and she glowed with pride. At last I could go out in service. (5)From the age of 5 until I was 14, I knocked on the doors of strangers each week with memorized lines that urged them to repent. I didnt play with other children. I didnt have birthday parties or Christmas mornings. What I did wa
19、s pray a lot. I knew the books of the Bible in order, by heart, and could recite various verses. My loneliness was nourished by rich, beautiful fantasies of eternal life in a paradise of peace, justice, racial harmony and environmental purity, a recompense for the rigor and social isolation of our l
20、ives. (6)This bliss wasnt a future we had to work for. Witnesses wouldnt vote, didnt involve themselves in temporal matters, werent activists. Jehovah would do it all for us, destroying everyone who wasnt a Witness and restoring the earth to harmony. All we had to do was to obey and wait. (7)Shortly
21、 after our return to the States, my father was disfellowshipped for being an unrepentant smoker smoking violated Gods temple, the body, much like fornication and drunkenness. Three years later, my parents marriage dissolved. My mothers second husband had served at Bethel, the Watchtow-ers headquarte
22、rs in Brooklyn. Our doctrines, based on Pauls letters in the New Testament, gave him complete control as the new head of the household: my mothers role was to submit. My stepfather happened to be the kind of person who took advantage of this authority, physically abusing us and forcing us to shun ou
23、r father completely. (8)After two years, I ran away to live with my father. My brother joined me a tumultuous six months later. We continued to attend the Kingdom Hall and preach door to door: the Witnesses had been our only community. Leaving was a gradual process that took months of questioning. I
24、 respected all faiths deeply, but at 15 I decided that I could no longer be part of a religion that overlooked inequality. (9)After she finally divorced my stepfather, my mother moved out of state and married another Witness. Our occasional correspondence skates over the surface of our strained rela
25、tionship. I feel for her struggles. A smart, capable woman, she subjected her will and judgment, as the Witnesses teach, to her husbands. If she damaged my brother and me or failed to protect us, she did so out of fear and belief. She wanted to save us from certain destruction at Armageddon, from a
26、corrupt and dirty world. She wanted nothing less for us than paradise. (10)I love my mother, but I also love my modern life, the multitude of ideas I was once forbidden to entertain, the rich friendships and the joyous love of my family. By choosing to live in the world she scorned to teach in a col
27、lege, to spare the rod entirely, to believe in the goodness of all kinds of people I have, in her eyes, turned my back not only on Jehovah but also on her. 26 The authors mother can be described as the following EXCEPT （ A） a pious Christian. （ B） a loving mother. （ C） a submissive wife. （ D） a crue
28、l mother. 27 Which of the following is TRUE about the authors childhood? （ A） His parents got divorced when he was still baby. （ B） He enjoyed his childhood very much. （ C） He could recite various parts of the Bible. （ D） He never succeeded to please his mother. 28 The word “worldly“ in Paragraph Tw
29、o means （ A） secular. （ B） commercialized. （ C） holy. （ D） innocent. 28 (1)Think of the solitude felt by Marie Smith before she died earlier this year in her native Alaska, at 89. She was the last person who knew the language of the Eyak people as a mother-tongue. Or imagine Ned Mandrell, who died i
30、n 1974 he was the last native speaker of Manx, similar to Irish and Scots Gaelic. Both these people had the comfort of being surrounded, some of the time, by enthusiasts who knew something precious was vanishing and tried to record and learn whatever they could of a vanishing tongue. In remote parts
31、 of the world, dozens more people are on the point of taking to their graves a system of communication that will never be recorded or reconstructed. (2)Does it matter? Plenty of languages among them Akkadian, Etruscan, Tangut and Chibcha have gone the way of the dodo, without causing much trouble to
32、 the descendants. Should anyone lose sleep over the fact that many tongues from Manchu(spoken in China)to Hua(Botswana)and Gwichin(Alaska) are in danger of suffering a similar fate? (3)Compared with groups who lobby to save animals or trees, campaigners who lobby to preserve languages are themselves
33、 a rare breed. But they are trying both to mitigate and publicize an alarming acceleration in the rate at which languages are vanishing. Of some 6,900 tongues spoken in the world today, some 50% to 90% could be gone by the end of the century. In Africa, at least 300 languages are in near-term danger
34、, and 200 more have died recently or are on the verge of death. Some 145 languages are threatened in East and South-east Asia. (4)Some languages, even robust ones, face an obvious threat in the shape of a political power bent on imposing a majority tongue. A youngster in any part of the Soviet Union
35、 soon realised that whatever you spoke at home, mastering Russian was the key to success. (5)Nor did English reach its present global status without ruthless tactics. In years past, Americans, Canadians and Australians took native children away from their families to be raised at boarding schools wh
36、ere English rules. In all the Celtic fringes of the British Isles there are bitter memories of children being punished for speaking the wrong language. (6)But in an age of mass communications, the threats to linguistic diversity are less ruthless and more spontaneous. Parents stop using traditional
37、tongues, thinking it will be better for their children to grow up using a dominant language(such as Swahili in East Africa)or a global one(such as English, Mandarin or Spanish). And even if parents try to keep the old speech alive, their efforts can be doomed by films and computer games. (7)The resu
38、lt is a growing list of tongues spoken only by white-haired elders. A book edited by Peter Austin, an Australian linguist, gives some examples: Njerep, one of 31 endangered languages counted in Cameroon, reportedly has only four speakers left, all over 60. The valleys of the Caucasus used to be a pa
39、radise for linguists in search of unusual syntax, but Ubykh, one of the regions baffling tongues, officially expired in 1992. 29 Marie Smiths solitude results from the fact that （ A） the vanishing language she spoke will never be recorded. （ B） people around her could not understand her language. （
40、C） she is the last person having Eyak as mother-tongue. （ D） as a native Alaska, she lives far away from that place. 30 What do those who lobby to preserve languages do to save endangered languages? （ A） Take measures to slow down languages vanishing rate. （ B） Try to make known languages accelerati
41、ng vanishing rate. （ C） Try all their out to record and reconstruct the vanishing languages. （ D） Slow down languages vanishing rate and meanwhile make it known. 31 In the fourth and fifth paragraphs the author discusses that （ A） mastering Russian is the key to success in the Soviet Union. （ B） the
42、 vanishing languages are triggered by political power. （ C） English becomes a world language due to political power. （ D） languages face an obvious threat in the shape of a political power. 32 In the future, the number of languages will （ A） stop decreasing. （ B） begin to increase. （ C） continue to
43、decrease. （ D） stop increasing. 32 (1)London is steeped in Dickensian history. Every place he visited, every person he met, would be drawn into his imagination and reappear in a novel. There really are such places as Hanging Sword Alley in Whitefriars Street, EC1(Where Jerry Cruncher lived in A Tale
44、 of Two Cities)and Bleeding Heart Yard off Greville Street, EC1(Where the Plornish family lived in Little Dorrit): they are just the sort of places Dickens would have visited on his frequent night-time walks. (2)He first came to London as a young boy, and lived at a number of addresses throughout hi
45、s life, moving as his income and his issue(he had ten children)increased. Of these homes only one remains, at 48 Doughty Street, WC1, now the Dickens House Museum, and as good a place as any to start your tour of Dickenss London. (3)The Dickens family lived here for only two years 1837-1839 but duri
46、ng this brief period, Charles Dickens first achieved great fame as a novelist, finishing Pickwick Papers, and working on Oliver Twist, Barnaby Rudge and Nicholas Nickleby. If you want a house full of atmosphere, you may be a little disappointed, for it is more a collection of Dickensiana than a recr
47、eation of a home. Dont let this deter you, however, for this is the place to see manuscripts, first editions, letters, original drawings, as well as furniture, pictures and artifacts from different periods of his life. Just one room, the Drawing Room, has been reconstructed to look as it would have
48、done in 1839, but elsewhere in the house you can see the grandfather lock which belonged to Moses Pickwick and gave the name to Pickwick Papers, the writing table from Gads Hill, Rochester, on which he wrote his last words of fiction, and the sideboard he bought in 1839. (4)It was in the back room o
49、n the first floor that Dickenss sister-in-law Mary Hogarth died when she was only 17. He loved Mary deeply, probably more than his wife, her sister. The tragedy haunted him for years, and is supposed to have inspired the famous death scene of Little Nell in The Old Curiosity Shop. (5)If you walk through Lincolns Inn Fields, you will come
