1、专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 13及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lectu
2、re. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Effective Note-taking The difficulty of taking notes: Note-taking requires a high level of ability due
3、 to the【 B1】 _ of spoken language.【 B1】 _ I. Before taking notes: A. Be sure of the【 B2】 _ of yours and the speakers.【 B2】 _ B. Review relevant background materials if available. II. While taking notes: A. Understand the new words by【 B3】 _ the meanings from the context.【 B3】_ B. Study carefully the
4、【 B4】 _, which usually implies【 B4】 _ the most important information. C. Catch the speakers【 B5】 _ through tone, gesture, repetition and【 B5】 _ illustration on the board. D. Pay attention to the speakers indirect signals to indicate what is important, like changes in speed, volume or【 B6】 _.【 B6】 _
5、E. While writing down the main points, develop a system of mechanics: jotting down words or phrases; using shorthand, abbreviations and symbols; leaving out【 B7】 _ words.【 B7】 _ F. While selecting words to write down, pick those having the【 B8】 _【 B8】_ information, like nouns, verbs or adjectives, a
6、nd those indicating the proceeding direction of the lecture, like【 B9】 _.【 B9】 _ III. After taking notes: A. Review and reword them as soon as possible. B.【 B10】 _ notes with others to learn from them.【 B10】 _ 1 【 B1】 2 【 B2】 3 【 B3】 4 【 B4】 5 【 B5】 6 【 B6】 7 【 B7】 8 【 B8】 9 【 B9】 10 【 B10】 10 Learn
7、ing How to Learn I. Views on learning A. Learning is something so natural we dont even【 B1】 _ were doing it【 B1】 _ we get caught up in the process of it B. The preconditions of how much one will learn the absolute【 B2】 _: people have to learn【 B2】 _ the infinite limit; people want to learn II. The b
8、asic and overall【 B3】 _ to learning【 B3】 _ A. choice of the right subject B.【 B4】 _【 B4】 _ a)books, tapes and videos b)human being: expert can help you to learn C. action a)【 B5】 _ of what people have learnt【 B5】 _ b)misunderstanding: know everything before taking actions D.【 B6】 _: the majority of
9、learning occurs【 B6】 _ a)acting as a filter to tell people what they have to get again b)showing them what they need to know c)the【 B7】 _ of knowledge and experience【 B7】 _ d)determining whether people really learn or not III. Other factors crucial to learning A. A【 B8】 _ attitude【 B8】 _ acknowledgm
10、ent of the fact that one knows little intention to learn asking for help gaining a lot of information about the subject B. Listening most people love to talk about what they are knowledgeable about you would learn a lot if you are truly listening C.【 B9】 _【 B9】 _ not afraid of mixing up things when
11、applying what one has learnt pointing to an area of refinement leading one to learning new things emphasis on the choice of【 B10】 _【 B10】 _ at the beginning of learning 11 【 B1】 12 【 B2】 13 【 B3】 14 【 B4】 15 【 B5】 16 【 B6】 17 【 B7】 18 【 B8】 19 【 B9】 20 【 B10】 20 How to Find Time for Yourself I. Intr
12、oduction: ways to carve out your own time A. Reality: too busy B. Desire: some time for yourself II. Scheduling time for yourself A. Evenings with yourself saving certain【 B1】 _just for you【 B1】 _ doing whatever you want on those nights B. Monthly treat C. Buying tickets【 B2】 _【 B2】 _ tickets for an
13、ything you enjoy: sports, concerts, etc. scheduling the plans with a friend later D. Leaving work on time E. Joining a(n)【 B3】 _【 B3】 _ F. Taking an adult education class G. Doing some exercise deciding today making it【 B4】 _ tomorrow【 B4】 _ III. Keeping yourself on the go A. Commuting via【 B5】 _tra
14、nsportation, using that time【 B5】 _ for some reading or creative thinking for meditation B. Driving in your car making the most of the time 【 B6】 _you spend that time【 B6】 _ changing “waiting time“ into “【 B7】 _“【 B7】 _ doing reading, writing or entertainment items IV. Trying to be in synergy A. Two
15、 birds, one stone B. Getting to work【 B8】 _【 B8】 _ getting exercise using the time to think or enjoy music C. Arriving early, using the time for relaxation for thinking, whatever D. Volunteering making a difference for others escaping work and personal【 B9】 _【 B9】 _ growing as a person E. Taking a(n
16、) 【 B10】 _job【 B10】 _ making money doing something you love F. Having lunch alone 21 【 B1】 22 【 B2】 23 【 B3】 24 【 B4】 25 【 B5】 26 【 B6】 27 【 B7】 28 【 B8】 29 【 B9】 30 【 B10】 专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 13答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lectu
17、re ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-fil
18、ling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 【听力原文】 Effective Note-taking Good morning, everyone! Today Id like to continue our series of talks about study skills in university. This morning Im going to discuss how to take notes effectively. As we all know, note-taking is di
19、fficult since spoken language is more diffuse than written language and its organization is not immediately apparent. In addition, spoken language is quickly gone, which makes analysis difficult. So it can be seen that to achieve such a complex task as note-taking, a high level of ability in many se
20、parate skills is required. Now lets discuss these skills in details. Before taking notes, prepare yourself mentally. Be sure of your purpose and the speakers purpose. Review your notes and other background material if available because increased knowledge results in increased interest. Besides, a cl
21、ear sense of purpose on your part will make the speakers content more relevant. Be ready to understand and remember. Anticipate what is to come, and later evaluate how well you were able to do this. While taking notes, the student has to understand what the lecturer says as he says it. The student c
22、annot stop the lecture in order to look up a new word or check an unfamiliar sentence pattern. This puts the non-native speaker of English under a particularly severe strain. Often he may not be able to recognize words in speech which he understands straightaway in print. Hell also meet words in a l
23、ecture which are completely new to him. While he should, of course, try to develop the ability to infer their meanings from the context, he wont always be able to do this successfully. He must not allow failure of this kind to discourage him, however. It is often possible to understand much of a lec
24、ture by concentrating solely on those points which are most important. But how does the student decide what is important? It is, in fact, the second skill I want to talk about today. Probably the most important piece of information in a lecture is the title itself. If this is printed beforehand, the
25、 student should study it carefully and make sure he is in no doubt about its meaning. Whatever happens he should make sure that he writes it down accurately and completely. A title often implies many of the major points that will later be covered in the lecture itself. Be alert to the speakers empha
26、sis through tone, gesture, repetition and illustration on the board. A good lecturer, of course, often signals what is important or unimportant. He may give direct signals or indirect signals. Many lecturers, for example, explicitly tell their audience that a point is important and that the student
27、should write it down. It is worth remembering that most lecturers also give indirect signals to indicate what is important. They either pause or speak slowly or speak loudly or use a greater range of intonation, or they employ a combination of these devices, when they say something important. Conver
28、sely, their sentences are delivered quickly, softly, within a narrow range of intonation and with short or infrequent pauses when they are saying something which is incidental. It is, of course, helpful for the student to be aware of this and for him to focus his attention accordingly. Having sorted
29、 out the main points, however, the student still has to write them down. And he has to do this quickly and clearly. In order to write at speed, try to develop a suitable system of mechanics: jot down words or phrases, not entire sentences; develop some system of shorthand and be consistent in its us
30、e; leave out small service words; use contractions, abbreviations and symbols. Most students find it helpful to abbreviate. They also try to select only those words which give maximum information. These are usually nouns, but sometimes verbs or adjectives. Writing only one point on each line also he
31、lps the student to understand his notes when he comes to read them later. An important difficulty is, of course, finding time to write the notes. If a student chooses the wrong moment to write, he may miss a point of greater importance. Connecting words or connectives may guide him to a correct choi
32、ce here. Those connectives which indicate that the argument is proceeding in the same direction also tell the listener that it is a safe time to write. “Moreover“, “furthermore“, “also“, etc., are examples of this. Connectives such as “however“, “on the other hand“ or “nevertheless“ usually mean tha
33、t new and perhaps unexpected information is going to follow. Therefore, it may, on these occasions, be more appropriate to listen. After taking notes, review and reword them as soon as possible. Dont just recopy or type without thought. Reminiscing may provide forgotten material later. Rewrite incom
34、plete parts in greater detail. Fill in gaps as you remember points heard but not recorded. Arrange with another student to compare notes. Sharpen your note-taking technique by looking at other students notes. How are they better than your own? How are your notes superior? Compare the information in
35、your notes with your own experience. Dont swallow everything uncritically. Dont reject what seems strange or incorrect. Check it out. Be willing to hold some seeming inconsistencies in your mind over a period of time. Make meaningful associations. Memorize that which must be memorized. OK. In todays
36、 lecture, weve discussed several skills that can help one in taking notes effectively. In our next lecture, well explore how to read effectively. 【知识模块】 听力 1 【正确答案】 diffusion 【试题解析】 讲座的主题为 “how to take notes effectively(如何有效地记笔记 )”。随后演讲人比较了口语与书面语的区别，其中提到口语要比书面语更加散乱(diffuse)。根据题目要求，空格处应填名词，故用 diffuse
37、的名词形式 diffusion。 【知识模块】 听力 2 【正确答案】 purpose(s) 【试题解析】 在谈到记笔记之前的准备时，演讲人认为，要确定 your purpose and the speakers purpose。对应题目，填如 purpose(s)即可。 【知识模块】 听力 3 【正确答案】 inferring 【试题解析】 在谈到 new word和 unfamiliar sentence pattern时，演讲人并不提议立即查字典，而是建议 develop theability to infer their meanings from the context(培养从语境中
38、推测词义的能力 )。注意空格前的介词 by，空格处应用动名词 inferring。 【知识模块】 听力 4 【正确答案】 title 【试题解析】 为了解决 “学生如何确定重要信息 ”，演讲人提到了记笔记时的第二个要点：最重要 的信息往往体现在标题 (title)上。随后演讲人进一步地说明了 title的重要性。故此空填 title。 【知识模块】 听力 5 【正确答案】 emphasis 【试题解析】 此题谈论记笔记过程中的第三个要点： be alert to the speakers emphasis through( 注意说话者通过 所进行的强调 )。空格处待填内容为emphasis。
39、【知识模块】 听力 6 【正确答案】 intonation 【试题解析】 在谈到 indirect signals(间接信号 )时提到，演讲人要么放慢语速，要么提高音量，要么使用抑扬顿挫的语调。题目中的 speed对应原文的 slowly，volume对应 loudly，因而填入 intonation。 【知识模块】 听力 7 【正确答案】 small service 【试题解析】 在谈到如何记录时，演讲人列举了一些方法： jotting down words or phrases(记下单词或短语 )、 developsome system of shorthand and be consis
40、tent in its use(学会速记并持续使用 )、 leave out small service words(省略不重要的修饰语 )等等。空格处待填的是 small service。 【知识模块】 听力 8 【正确答案】 maximum 【试题解析】 在谈到 abbreviation(缩写 )时，演讲人称许多学生选择使用那些能够提供最多信息的单词。空格处应填入修饰 information的形容词或名词，根据原文内容，填 maximum。 【知识模块】 听力 9 【正确答案】 connectives connecting words 【试题解析】 在谈到应记录的内容时，演讲人还建议要注意
41、 connecting words or connectives(连接词 )。文章中修饰 connectives的定语从句 which indicate that the argument is preceding in the same direction与题目内容相对应，因而填入connectives或 connecting words即可。 【知识模块】 听力 10 【正确答案】 Compare 【试题解析】 在 After taking notes方面，演讲人提到了两个方面： 尽快回顾和改写所记录的内容； 与其他同学对比笔记内容。题目考查第二个方面，即compare notes。 【知
42、识模块】 听力 10 【听力原文】 Learning How to Learn Good evening. Todays lecture is about the phrase “learning how to learn“. I remember reading that learning how to learn is one of the best skills you can develop. That phrase “learning how to learn“ got stuck in my head and I turned that concept over and over
43、in my mind and asked myself: “Do we have to learn how to learn?“ After thinking about it, Ive realized mat learning is something so natural that we dont even recognize that were doing it because we get so caught up in the process of it. Most of us associate learning as something difficult, something
44、 reserved for extremely intelligent people, but that is not the case at all. I think the biggest indicator that will tell you how much you will learn is what makes you want to learn in the first place. I know that sounds pretty obvious, but that single factor is very important as youll soon see. Tak
45、e for example, learning the latest accounting rules because your job requires it as opposed to learning about cars because thats something you like. If you have to learn something, youll only learn as much as youre required to in other words the absolute minimum, but if you want to learn something,
46、the skys the limit. There are some basic overall methodologies to learning. It really begins first with choosing the right subject. This is key. This choice alone can determine how much you are willing to learn. You have to develop a love for learning and that becomes really easy when you love the s
47、ubject itself. After the right subject is chosen, then comes the education. When education comes to mind, we tend to think of books, tapes, videos but theres one element that a lot of people seem to miss and that element is the human being. People who are experts in any particular subject can filter
48、 through everything and tell you the information you need to read, the actions you need to take, etc., and by doing so, can cut your learning curve in half. Thats the whole logic behind mentors and their students. After the knowledge, comes action. You have to apply what youve learned. This stage is where most people fall into a trap. They want to know everything before they take any sort of action. Thats the wrong men
